82results about How to "Extend switching time" patented technology

An electrophoretic medium comprises a plurality of particles suspended in a suspending fluid, the particles being capable of moving through the fluid upon application of an electric field to the medium, the fluid having dissolved or dispersed therein a polymer having a number average molecular weight in excess of about 20,000, the polymer being essentially non-absorbing on the particles. The polymer improves the bistability of the display (i.e., the period for which a written image persist without the display being refreshed) but does not greatly increase the viscosity of the suspending fluid, thus keeping the switching time of the display within reasonable limits. The medium may be encapsulated, or may be in the form a polymer-dispersed electrophoretic medium.

A smart window comprising a regenerative photolectrochomic (RPEC) photovoltaic element (108) juxtaposed with an electrochromic (EC) element (110). Microprocessor-based control mechanism (200) connecting the RPEC element to the EC element for controlling the current delivered to and from the EC element. The controller (200) including look-up tables (204 and 206) for determining the safe current to or from the EC element having regard to the amount of charge to be delivered or removed and the charge status of the EC element, the determination of charge status, charge still required and current to be delivered being made frequently to ensure that the current is kept within safe limits while minimizing switching times. New smart windows are also disclosed.

When the user initiates the retrieval of the primary content information item by means of entering a user input into the data processing system, e.g. zapping a digital TV that switches channels upon receipt of the user input, he / she has to wait a noticeable time before the rendering and play-out of the primary content information item actually starts. The length of the delay is predicted, on the basis of which one or more secondary content items are rendered and played out to the user during this delay. The invention can also be used for bridging the waiting time in an online ordering system, when loading a program on a personal computer, and in an IMS-based IPTV network.

A robust microelectromechanical switch. In an illustrative embodiment, the switch is adapted for use in a display and includes a first flexible surface and a second surface. The second surface is angled relative to the first surface, forming a wedge the first surface and the second surface. A first terminal and a second terminal are positioned relative to the first flexible surface and the second surface so that selective flexing of the flexible surface electrically couples or uncouples the first terminal to the second terminal. In a more specific embodiment, the switch further includes a first mechanism for selectively applying an electrostatic force between the first flexible surface and the second surface. The first surface is positioned on a first elastic flexible layer, and the second surface is positioned on a second layer. The first mechanism includes a first actuator electrode that is coupled to the first surface, and a second actuator electrode that is coupled to the second surface. A sufficient charge differential applied between the first actuator electrode and the second actuator electrode will attract the first electrode to the second electrode, thereby flexing the flexible layer toward the second layer. The sidewalls define a perimeter of a cell that houses the switch. A protrusion extends from a third layer between the sidewalls, thereby indenting the first layer, and thereby forming the wedge.

A solid-state crossbar switch for transmitting data traffic includes a first number of input ports. Each input port is operable to receive DSL data from a data switch. The crossbar switch also includes a second number of output ports. Each output port is capable of being coupled to a customer premise equipment (CPE) device. The crossbar switch includes a third number of 1×N solid-state analog switches. Each 1×N solid-state analog switch is operable to couple one of the input ports with N output ports. Each input port may be coupled to one of the analog switches. The second number of output ports may be greater than N. The crossbar switch may include a sweeper port coupled to each output port. The sweeper port is operable to monitor each output port to detect an active connection of a CPE device to one of the output ports.

This invention relates to methods, computer program products, clients, servers, systems and protocols in the context of reporting a quality of a transmission session according to one or more metrics, inter alia to adapt quality reporting to a switching of content within the transmission session and to allow faster session startup.

The subject invention provides systems and methods that facilitate formation of semiconductor memory devices comprising memory cells with one or more injecting bilayer electrodes. Memory arrays generally comprise bit cells that have two discrete components; a memory element and a selection element, such as, for example, a diode. The invention increases the efficiency of a memory device by forming memory cells with selection diodes comprising a bilayer electrode. Memory cells are provided comprising bilayer cathodes and / or bilayer anodes that facilitate a significant improvement in charge injection into the diode layers of memory cells. The increased charge (e.g. electrons or holes) density in the diode layers of the selected memory cells results in improved memory cell switching times and lowers the voltage required for the memory cell to operate, thereby, creating a more efficient memory cell.

A phase-locked loop fractional-N frequency synthesizer, particularly of a sigma delta type, has a voltage controlled oscillator, a fractional-N frequency divider, a phase comparator, a charge pump, and a loop filter. The loop filter has a capacitive element for receiving a charge pump current from the charge pump. A filtered charge pump current controls the voltage controlled oscillator. The charge pump is operable in three current modes, a pre-charging / pre-discharging mode, a speed up mode, and a normal, locked mode. In the pre-charging / pre-discharging mode the charge pump is decoupled from the phase comparator so that the phase locked loop is open, and in the speed up and normal modes the charge pump is coupled to the phase comparator so that the phase locked-loop is closed.

Disclosed is a system for providing redundancy on a communications switch platform having a data plane for processing data. The data plane includes an active fabric having an ingress and an egress and establishing a first datapath, a redundant fabric having an ingress and an egress and establishing a second datapath, and a fabric switch for aligning the egress of one of said fabrics to a system output. A separate and independent control plane is provided for monitoring the processing of data. The control plane includes: (i) a plurality of monitors operatively connected to monitor the status of the active and redundant fabrics in the data plane for a fault; and (ii) a fabric activity switch circuit adapted to determine whether the fault occurred in the active fabric in the data plane, and if so, to generate a fabric activity switch signal directed to said fabric switch in the data plane.

A radio frequency (RF) micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) device and method of making same are provided, the device including an RF circuit substrate and an RF conducting path disposed on the RF circuit substrate, a piezoelectric thin film actuator, and a conducting path electrode. The piezoelectric thin film actuator has a proximal end that is fixed relative to the RF circuit substrate and a cantilever end that is spaced from the RF circuit substrate. The conducting path electrode is disposed on the cantilever end of the piezoelectric thin film actuator. The cantilever end of the piezoelectric thin film actuator is movable between a first position whereat the conducting path electrode is spaced from the RF path electrode and a second position whereat the conducting path electrode is spaced from the RF path electrode a second distance, wherein the second distance is less than the first distance. The RF MEMS device is particularly useful as a tunable capacitor. The RF MEMS device requires lower operating voltage, and provides variable RF tuning capacity, fewer stiction problems, simplified fabrication, and an improved switching time.

The disclosed memory cell (10) comprises a graphene layer (16) having controllable resistance states representing data values of the memory cell (10). In one exemplary embodiment a non-volatile memory is provided by having a ferroelectric layer (18) control the resistance states. In the exemplary embodiment, binary '0's and ' 1 ' are respectively represented by low and high resistance states of the graphene layer (16), and these states are switched in a non-volatile manner by the polarization directions of the ferroelectric layer (18).

Circuits for converting DC voltage into controllably variable amplitude AC voltage, for the purpose of driving an oscillating linear motor with controllable amplitude, are disclosed. Unlike pulse width modulation circuits for the same purpose, the disclosed circuits do not require suppression of electromagnetic interference and have negligible switching loss.

The switching element is turned ON and OFF according to when the current flowing through the inductance element becomes equal to zero and according to an amplified error voltage between the output voltage and a target output voltage. More particularly, the OFF time of the switching element is calculated, and when the OFF time is less than a prescribed value, the ON time of the switching element is increased. Moreover, the amount by which the ON time of the switching element is increased is reduced if the error voltage if greater than a prescribed value.

An actuator having a drive element which is made of a magnetic shape memory material, can be driven in response to electrical control of a plurality of coil apparatuses (10, 12) and is designed to carry out an expansion movement in response to said control, wherein the coil apparatuses are magnetically connected to the drive element (14) via flux-concentrating means (20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30), and a flux-concentrating section of the flux-concentrating means is associated with the coil apparatuses for interaction with the drive element. The invention provides for the flux-concentrating means for each of the plurality of coil apparatuses to have a core section (20, 22, 30) and a connecting section (24, 26), which conducts a magnetic flux to the drive element, such that a magnetic flux-concentrating circuit for each of the coil apparatuses is formed by the common drive element, wherein the flux-concentrating circuits are magnetically connected in parallel with one another, based on the common drive element, and / or a magnetic flux direction of a magnetic flux in the particular flux-concentrating circuit in the drive element has the same orientation.

A bistable nematic liquid crystal display device comprises two opposed cell walls enclosing a layer of a nematic liquid crystal material. An inner surface of each cell wall is provided with an electrode for applying an electric field across at least some of the liquid crystal material. An inner surface of one of the cell walls is provided with a surface alignment capable of inducing a desired alignment in adjacent molecules of the liquid crystal material, and a layer of finely-divided particles is immobilised on the surface alignment.

The invention provides an antenna switching method applied to an electronic device. The method comprises the following steps: judging whether the electronic device satisfies an antenna switching condition; when the electronic device satisfies the antenna switching condition, switching from a first antenna to a second antenna, wherein the first antenna is a current operating antenna; and when the second antenna satisfies a preset operation condition within a preset time, adjusting the antenna switching condition so as to prolong the switching time of the second antenna within the preset time. The invention further provides an antenna switching apparatus. By adoption of the antenna switching method and apparatus provided by the invention, frequent switch of the antennas of the electronic device can be prevented.

An iterative timing analysis is analytically performed before a chip is fabricated, based on a methodology using optical proximity correction techniques for shortening the gate lengths and adjusting metal line widths and proximity distances of critical time sensitive devices. The additional mask is used as a selective trim to form shortened gate lengths or wider metal lines for the selected, predetermined transistors, affecting the threshold voltages and the RC time constants of the selected devices. Marker shapes identify a predetermined subgroup of circuitry that constitutes the devices in the critical timing path. The analysis methodology is repeated as often as needed to improve the timing of the circuit with shortened designed gate lengths and modified RC timing constants until manufacturing limits are reached. A mask is made for the selected critical devices using OPC techniques.

The invention provides a two-stage dual-dehumidification-evaporator and dual-dehumidification-condenser dehumidification heat pump system which comprises a closed refrigerating fluid system. The closed refrigerating fluid system comprises a low-temperature-side compressor, a four-way reversing valve, a first low-temperature-side dehumidification heat exchanger, a second low-temperature-side dehumidification heat exchanger, a low-temperature-side throttle device, a high-temperature-side compressor, a first three-way reversing valve, a second three-way reversing valve a high-temperature-side throttle device, a first high-temperature-side dehumidification heat exchanger and a second high-temperature-side dehumidification heat exchanger. The invention further provides a two-stage dual-humidification temperature increase and decrease method. In the system and the method, the two dehumidification evaporators / condensers connected in parallel at different evaporation / condensation temperatures are adopted, and treatment air sequentially flows through the high-temperature dehumidification evaporator and the low-temperature dehumidification evaporator. Compared with the prior art, according to the system and the method, the circulating switching time is prolonged, reliability and economic performance are both improved to a certain degree, and in addition, multi-mode operating can be achieved through switching.

A method of controlling a negative differential resistance (NDR) element is disclosed, which includes altering various NDR characteristics during operation to effectuate different NDR modes. By changing biasing conditions applied to the NDR element (such as a silicon based NDR FET) a peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) (or some other characteristic) can be modified dynamically to accommodate a desired operational change in a circuit that uses the NDR element. In a memory or logic application, for example, a valley current can be reduced during quiescent periods to reduce operating power. Thus an adaptive NDR element can be utilized advantageously within a conventional semiconductor circuit.

An injector driver module includes a first converter and a second converter connected between a power supply and the load. The first converter generates a first voltage output and the second converter generates a second voltage output from the power supply. Switches control the level of the supply voltage so that the voltage applied to the load can be varied depending on an operational phase of the driver. Control over the current through the load can be therefore be conducted via pulse width modulation at lower voltage levels, thereby lengthening the switching time during modulation, reducing power losses, and reducing EMI emissions.

The switching time of a phase-locked loop circuit is improved by switching a direct frequency control section, into and out of, the circuit.

The invention describes a displacement unit (1) for example for supply, manipulation, guiding or control systems of mounting parts (2), with components (3, 4) that can be adjusted relative to one another by means of a drive unit (5) and with at least one guiding device (6) for at least one of the components (3; 4) and a control unit (7). At least one member (8) of the control unit (7) used for processing logic information or bus information is integrated into the drive unit (5) and / or into at least one of the components (3; 4) and / or is mounted on one of the components (3; 4).

A method for producing a multilayer system on a substrate, wherein a first and a second layer are applied on the substrate, in each case by means of a vacuum coating process, provides adherence of the layers on each other, even if at least one of the layers of the multilayer system is porous. The layer applied first is, after its application and prior to the application of the other layer, partly removed again through an ion etching operation.

The invention provides a half-decoupling type graded dehumidifying and cooling dehumidifying heat pump system comprising a refrigerant system and an air system. The refrigerant system comprises two compressors and four dehumidification heat exchangers, two four-way reversing valves, an evaporator, two throttling devices and two three-way reversing valves. The air system comprises two draught fans,eight air valves and two air openings. According to the half-decoupling type graded dehumidifying and cooling dehumidifying heat pump system, the dehumidification heat exchangers at different operation pressures are connected in parallel, the evaporation side at the low pressure grade is connected with a dehumidification evaporator and the evaporator in series. A high-pressure dehumidification evaporator adopts a drying agent with a uniform adsorption speed to achieve heat and humidity load pretreatment, condensation of the high-pressure dehumidification evaporator is prevented through a highevaporator temperature, and meanwhile the dew point of air entering the low-pressure dehumidification evaporator is lowered; the low-pressure dehumidification evaporator adopts a drying agent with high adsorption capacity to achieve heat and humidity load efficient treatment, and the switch time of circulations is prolonged. The evaporator connected with the low-pressure side in series can solvethe problem that the heat and humidity load processing capacities of the system are inconsistent.

The invention relates to a satellite selection method for a medium earth orbit satellite search and rescue system, which comprises the single-time satellite selection step and the antenna switching and tracking processing step. The single-time satellite selection step can select the best satellite combination at the satellite selection time; and the antenna switching and tracking processing step can realize optimal switching strategy of an antenna. By adopting the method, the satellite selection problems at a ground terminal of the medium earth orbit satellite search and rescue system can be solved, the implementation speed is fast, the satellite selection precision is high, the switching times of the antenna can be reduced, and the continuity of tracking satellites of the antenna can be further ensured.

The present invention discloses an electrical control light valve apparatus having liquid gallium. The invention comprises the transparent glass as a substrate, ITO transparent conductive film as the electrodes, the liquid gallium as the valve located on the ITO transparent conductive film, and the partial-transparent glass is located on the top of the electrical control light valve apparatus.