The invention provides a fiber pretreatment device. The fiber pretreatment device comprises a rack, a conveying frame, a meshed conveying belt, a treating solution container, a treating fluid recoverycontainer for collecting a residual treating fluid and a servo motor, wherein the rack comprises a front rack and a rear rack, multiple cross beams and positioning holes are arranged on the front rack and the rear rack, the upper end of the front rack is a first spraying area and/or the lower side of the rear rack is a second spraying area, the first spraying area and the second spraying area arelocated above and below the meshed conveying belt, a plurality of movable spray heads are uniformly arranged in the first spraying area and the second spraying area and connected with an air compressor and the treating fluid container, and automatic spraying is realized. Compared with the prior art, the device can simply adjust the height of a support, the speed of the conveying belt, the spraying amount and the angle of the spray heads, is simple in structure, low in maintenance cost, stable in operation and high in adaptability and can perform humidification, toughening, weight increase andother modification treatment processes beneficial to improvement of fiber spinning and weaving performance on fiber.