The invention relates to a novel energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit, which comprises a hydraulic pump 1, an overflow valve 2, an overflow valve 3, a one way valve 4, an energy accumulator 5, an electro-hydraulic direction-changeover valve 6, a compound cylinder 7, a piston rod 8, an oil tank 9, a pulley 10, a rope 11, a pumping rod 12, a motor 13 and the like. The novel energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit adopts a hydraulic driving system and an energy accumulator balanced system, utilizes the energy accumulator 5 to collect gravitational potential energy released by the pumping rod 12 system and store the energy of the motor 13 in the down stroke, releases the energy in the up stroke, and can effectively reduce the installed power and the speed fluctuation of the motor to achieve the energy-saving effect. The novel energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit also has the advantages of large lifting force, light weight, convenient adjustment of stroke length and stroke frequency and the like of the conventional hydraulic pumping unit.