The invention discloses a special circular seam hardfacing machine. The special circular seam hardfacing machine comprises a platform, a control cabinet, a main shaft motor, a three-jaw head frame, a three-jaw tail frame, a first linear guide rail, a second linear guide rail and a welding device. The main shaft motor is installed in front of the right side of the platform. The three-jaw head frame is installed on the part, on the left side of the main shaft motor, of the platform. The first linear guide rail is installed on the part, on the left side of the three-jaw head frame, of the platform. The second linear guide rail is installed on the part, behind the first linear guide rail, of the platform. The welding device comprises a left-right moving beam, an up-down moving stand column, adjusting components and a welding gun. The welding gun is installed on the up-down moving stand column through the adjusting components. The adjusting components include a welding gun lifting motor, a welding gun cross-shaped fine adjusting mechanism, a welding gun clamping mechanism and a support. According to the special circular seam hardfacing machine, the welding speed can be increased by at least two times, the welding time is shortened, the productivity is increased, and the technical stability is improved; the welding quality is stable, and no defects such as welding gas holes and welding slag exist; a machine tool is of a building block combined type structure, the automation degree is high, and universality is high.