The present invention relates to a silicon micro-machined gyroscope digital driving closed loop control system with temperature compensation based on an FPGA. The silicon micro-machined gyroscope digital driving closed loop control system is characterized in that after the charge amplification, low-pass filtering, amplitude amplification and quantification operations are carried out on a silicon micro-machined gyroscope sensitive detection capacitance signal, the driving closed loop control and the temperature compensation functions are realized by the FPGA; a driving closed loop realizes an amplitude stabilization function by the root-mean-square (RMS) demodulation, the low-pass filtering and the PI control; a phase tracking function is realized by the Hilbert discrimination, the low-pass filtering, the PI control and a Cordic algorithm; a temperature compensation function of the angular velocity signal output is realized by a linear relationship of a resonant frequency and a temperature signal. The silicon micro-machined gyroscope digital driving closed loop control system of the present invention overcomes the problems, such as complicated analog circuit structure, large noise, temperature drift, etc., and has the advantages of being flexible, convenient and transplantable, being low in noise, being able to realize the temperature compensation, and being easy to realize a monolithic application specific integrated circuit (ASIC).