1614 results about "Chromatophore" patented technology

The invention relates to Agrobacterium mediated transformation of moulds comprising species of the fungal sub-divisions Ascomycotina, Basidiomycotina, Deuteromycotina, Mastigomycotina, and Zygomycotina.Examples demonstrate the transformation of Aspergillus awamori (both protoplasts and conidia), Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus niger, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Fusarium solani pisi, Neurospora crassa, Trichoderma reesei, Pleurotus ostreatus and Agaricus bisporus (all conidia), and Fusarium graminearum (both conidia and rehydrated freeze dried ATCC material).Especially for Aspergillus awamori the transformation frequency is much higher than with conventional mould transformation techniques.It has further been found that not only one expressable gene can be introduced into these moulds, but even multiple copies of such gene, which, moreover, can be targeted e.g. in the chromosomal pyrG locus, as exemplified for A. awamori. These multiple copies can be of a gene encoding a desired, homologous or heterologous, protein.

Methods for efficient production of recombinant AAV employ a host cell which comprising AAV rep and cap genes stably integrated within the cell's chromosomes, wherein the AAV rep and cap genes are each operatively linked to regulatory sequences capable of directing the expression of the rep and cap gene products upon infection of the cell with a helper virus, a helper gene, and a helper gene product. A method for producing recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) involves infecting such a host cell with a helper virus, gene or gene product and infecting the infected host cell with a recombinant hybrid virus or plasmid vector containing adenovirus cis-elements necessary for replication and virion encapsidation, AAV sequences comprising the 5′ and 3′ ITRs of an AAV, and a selected gene operatively linked to regulatory sequences directing its expression, which is flanked by the above-mentioned AAV sequences.

A method for engineering and utilizing large DNA vectors to target, via homologous recombination, and modify, in any desirable fashion, endogenous genes and chromosomal loci in eukaryotic cells. These large DNA targeting vectors for eukaryotic cells, termed LTVECs, are derived from fragments of cloned genomic DNA larger than those typically used by other approaches intended to perform homologous targeting in eukaryotic cells. Also provided is a rapid and convenient method of detecting eukaryotic cells in which the LTVEC has correctly targeted and modified the desired endogenous genes(s) or chromosomal locus (loci) as well as the use of these cells to generate organisms bearing the genetic modification.

The present invention provides a method, device and a computer program for haplotyping single cells, such that a sample taken from a pregnant female, without directly sampling the fetus, provides the ability to non-invasively determine the fetal genome. The method can be performed by determining the parental and inherited haplotypes, or can be performed merely on the basis of the mother's genetic information, obtained preferably in a blood or serum sample. The novel device allows for sequence analysis of single chromosomes from a single cell, preferably by partitioning single chromosomes from a metaphase cell into long, thin channels where a sequence analysis can be performed.

This invention relates to the fields of genetic engineering, virus replication and gene transfer. More specifically, this invention relates to polynucleotide construct, recombinant virus, transposon, and their vectors, wherein an ori derived from a DNA virus capable of replicating in vertebrate cells is inserted into the retrovirus, allowing the retrovirus following the reverse transcription to efficiently replicate as extrachromosomal or episomal DNA without the necessity of integration into the host cell chromosome. Additionally, this invention relates to polynucleotide construct, recombinant virus, transposon, and their vectors replicating episomally without aid of an ori and related elements. Also, this invention encompasses preventive, therapeutic, and diagnostic applications employing said constructs, viruses and vectors.

A full set of 24 chromosome-specific probes to analyze single cells or cell organelles to test for abnormalities is described. When used in an assay based on sequential hybridization, the full set is comprised of three subsets of chromosome-specific probes with each set comprised of 8 different probes. Also described are assays using a set of probes to analyze single cells and cellular organelles to accurately determine the number and type of targeted human chromosomes in various types of cells and cell organelles, such as tumor cells, interphase cells and first polar bodies biopsied from non-inseminated oocytes. Methods of selection or generation of suitable probes and hybridization protocols are described, as are preferred probes for frill set of 24 chromosome-specific probes to target all 24 human chromosomes are described in the Tables.

A color display comprising an image of all chromosomes or portions of chromosomes of a cell, each of the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes being painted with a different fluorophore or a combination of fluorophores, the image presenting the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes in different distinctive colors, wherein each of the chromosomes or portions of chromosomes is associated with one of the different distinctive colors.

The present invention provides genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal involved in cardiovascular disease. In particular, the animals or cells are generated using a zinc finger nuclease-mediated editing process. The invention also provides zinc finger nucleases that target chromosomal sequences involved in cardiovascular disease and the nucleic acids encoding said zinc finger nucleases. Also provided are methods of using the genetically modified animals or cells disclosed herein to screen agents for toxicity and other effects.

The invention provides improved methods, compositions, and kits for detecting ploidy of chromosome regions, e.g. for detecting cancer or a chromosomal abnormality in a gestating fetus. The methods can utilize a set of more than 200 SNPs that are found within haploblocks and can include analyzing a series of target chromosomal regions related to cancer or a chromosomal abnormality in a gestating fetus. Finally the method may use knowledge about chromosome crossover locations or a best fit algorithm for the analysis. The compositions may comprise more than 200 primers located within haplotype blocks known to show CNV.

The present invention provides genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding proteins associated with ASD. In particular, the animals or cells are generated using a zinc finger nuclease-mediated editing process. Also provided are methods of using the genetically modified animals or cells disclosed herein to study ASD development and screen agents for assessing their effect on progression or symptoms of an ASD.

The present invention provides genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding proteins associated with MD. In particular, the animals or cells are generated using a zinc finger nuclease-mediated editing process. Also provided are methods of using the genetically modified animals or cells disclosed herein to study MD development and methods of assessing the effects of agents in genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding proteins associated with MD.

The present invention provides genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding proteins associated with AD. In particular, the animals or cells are generated using a zinc finger nuclease-mediated editing process. Also provided are methods of using the genetically modified animals or cells disclosed herein to study AD development and methods of assessing the effects of agents in genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding proteins associated with AD.

The invention discloses a method for producing transgenic mice through a homologous recombination technology. The method comprises the following steps: replacing mouse NGF genes on mouse chromosomes by human NGF genes through a Cas-9 / CRISPR gene knock-in technology, and obtaining the genes with homozygous human NGF genes through breeding and knocking the genes in mice, thus obtaining filial generation mice with salivary glands capable of secreting human NGF. Compared with the conventional targeting technology utilizing positive and negative double screening homologous recombination genes, the method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, capable of being realized only by transfecting mouse embryonic stem cells by three plasmid DNAs or carrying out pronucleus injection on the zygotes of mice, and high in success rate which is up to 2-5% and remarkably higher than the mouse embryonic stem cell positive rate of 0.1% of the common gene targeting technology.

The invention provides methods for chromosome doubling in plants. The technique overcomes the low yields of doubled progeny associated with the use of prior techniques for doubling chromosomes in plants such as grasses. The technique can be used in large scale applications and has been demonstrated to be highly effective in maize. Following treatment in accordance with the invention, plants remain amenable to self fertilization, thereby allowing the efficient isolation of doubled progeny plants.

A gene activation / inactivation and site-specific integration system has been developed for mammalian cells. The invention system is based on the recombination of transfected sequences by FLP, a recombinase derived from Saccharomyces. In several cell lines, FLP has been shown to rapidly and precisely recombine copies of its specific target sequence. For example, a chromosomally integrated, silent β-galactosidase reporter gene was activated for expression by FLP-mediated removal of intervening sequences to generate clones of marked cells. Alternatively, the reverse reaction can be used to target transfected DNA to specific chromosomal sites. These results demonstrate that FLP can be used, for example, to mosaically activate or inactivate transgenes for a variety of therapeutic purposes, as well as for analysis of vertebrate development. The FLP recombination system of the present invention can be incorporated in transgenic, non-human mammals to achieve site-specific integration of transgenes, to construct functional genes or to disrupt existing genes.

The invention discloses whitening and freckle-removing cream and a preparation method thereof. The whitening and freckle-removing cream comprises water, butanediol, caprylic / capric triglyceride, isohexadecane, glycerol, cyclopentasiloxane, butyrspermum parkii butter, trehalose, cetearyl olivate, sorbitan olivate, cetearyl alcohol, cetearyl glucoside, magnolia sieboldii extract, citrus peel extract, hydrogenated lecithin, phytosterol, bisabolol, tocopheryl acetate, glycyrrhiza glabra root extract, thymus serpyllum extract, panthenol, sodium hyaluronate and the like. The whitening and freckle-removing cream disclosed by the invention can be used for inhibiting tautomerase activity of tyrosinase and dopachrome and hindering polymerization of DHI; the formation of melanin in a body is inhibited, the regeneration capability of pigment cells is improved, the pigment deposition is reduced and pigment cell detachment is promoted; the self-immunity of the cells is enhanced, and the skin elasticity and a metabolism function are improved; and the self-protection capability of skins is improved and the safe whitening and freckle-removing effects are realized.

The invention is based on the discovery of methods for purification of an acid active hyaluronidase found in human plasma (hpHAse), including both biochemical and immunoaffinity purification methods. The method of immunoaffinity purification of the invention is based on the discovery of a method for identifying antibodies that specifically bind native hpHAse (anti-native hpHAse antibodies), and anti-native hpHAse antibodies identified by this screening method. The invention also features an assay for sensitive detection of HAse activity using biotinylated hyaluronic acid (bHA). Purification and characterization of hpHAse lead to the inventors' additional discovery that hpHAse is encoded by the LuCa-1 gene, which gene is present in the human chromosome at 3p21.3, a region associated with tumor suppression. The invention additionally features methods of treating tumor-bearing patients by administration of hpHAse and / or transformation of cells with hpHAse-encoding DNA.

Disclosed are DNA segments encoding <DEL-S DATE="20010821" ID="DEL-S-00001">hyaluronic acid synthase which are employed to construct recombinant cells useful in the production of hyaluronate synthase or hyaluronic acid (HA)<DEL-E ID="DEL-S-00001"> <INS-S DATE="20010821" ID="INS-S-00001">the recombinant DNA segment identified in FIG. 5. <INS-E ID="INS-S-00001">In preferred aspects, chromosomal DNA from Streptococcus equisimilis is partially digested with EcoRI and the resultant fragments are ligated to form recombinant vectors. These vectors are useful in the transformation of host cells such as E. coli and or Streptococcal hosts. <DEL-S DATE="20010821" ID="DEL-S-00002">Resultant transformants are screened by the novel screening assays to identify colonies which have incorporated HA synthase DNA in a form that is being actively transcribed into the corresponding HA synthase enzyme. These colonies may be selected and employed in the production of the enzyme itself or its product, HA.<DEL-E ID="DEL-S-00002"> <INS-S DATE="20010821" ID="INS-S-00002">The recombinant DNA segment identified in FIG. 5 is then inserted into a recombinant Streptococcal host for the production of hyaluronic acid (HA).<INS-E ID="INS-S-00002">

The present invention relates to the production of a non-transgenic plant resistant or tolerant to a herbicide of the phosphonomethylglycine family, e.g., glyphosate. The present invention also relates to the use of a recombinagenic oligonucleobase to make a desired mutation in the chromosomal or episomal sequences of a plant in the gene encoding for 5-enol pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The mutated protein, which substantially maintains the catalytic activity of the wild-type protein, allows for increased resistance or tolerance of the plant to a herbicide of the phosphonomethylglycine family, and allows for the substantially normal growth or development of the plant, its organs, tissues or cells as compared to the wild-type plant irrespective of the presence or absence of the herbicide.

The present invention provides genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding inflammation-related proteins. In particular, the animals or cells are generated using a zinc finger nuclease-mediated editing process. Also provided are methods of assessing the effects of agents in genetically modified animals and cells comprising edited chromosomal sequences encoding inflammation-related proteins.

The invention relates to a method of producing a retinal pigment epithelial cell from a human pluripotent stem cell, and a method of treating or preventing a retinal disease by using the produced cell. The retinal pigment epithelial cell is prepared by (a) inducing differentiation of a human pluripotent stem cell into a pigment cell by adhesion cultivation of a human pluripotent stem cell in a medium containing a Nodal signal inhibitor and a Wnt signal inhibitor in the absence of a feeder cell to give a culture containing the pigment cell, (b) subjecting the obtained culture to further adhesion culture to give a culture containing a pigment cell colony, and (c) isolating the pigment cell from the obtained culture and culturing the cell to give a retinal pigment epithelial cell.

Von Willebrand's Factor (VWF) is produced using an expression vector that includes: 1) a DNA sequence encoding a functional VWF protein; and 2) regulatory DNA capable of effecting expression of that DNA sequence in a host cell transformed with the vector. Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLP's) associated with the VWF gene are identified and used in a probe for determining the source of a VWF gene in a DNA sample. The gene for VWF is localized to the short arm of human chromosome 12 (12p).

The subject invention pertains to materials and methods for preparing multi-potential stem cells having a pre-selected expression of MHC antigens. Stem cells of the subject invention can be used to generate histocompatible tissues / organs for transplantation. The process of the subject invention comprises the use of targeting vectors capable of gene knockout, insertion of site-specific recombination cassettes, and the replacement of histocompatibility alleles in the stem cell. Novel knockout vectors are used to delete designated regions of one chromosome. Recombination cassette vectors are then used to delete the same region on the second chromosome and deposit a site-specific recombination cassette which can be utilized by replacement vectors for inserting the new MHC genes on the chromosome of the engineered cell. The subject invention also pertains to cells, tissues, and transgenic mammal prepared using the methods and materials of the invention.

Transgenic microbial strains are provided which contain the genes required for PHA formation integrated on the chromosome. The strains are advantageous in PHA production processes, because (1) no plasmids need to be maintained, generally obviating the required use of antibiotics or other stabilizing pressures, and (2) no plasmid loss occurs, thereby stabilizing the number of gene copies per cell throughout the fermentation process, resulting in homogeneous PHA product formation throughout the production process. Genes are integrated using standard techniques, preferably transposon mutagenesis. In a preferred embodiment wherein mutiple genes are incorporated, these are incorporated as an operon. Sequences are used to stabilize mRNA, to induce expression as a function of culture conditions (such as phosphate concentration), temperature, and stress, and to aid in selection, through the incorporation of selection markers such as markers conferring antibiotic resistance.

Modified oligonucleotides having a GGG motif sequence and a sufficient number of flanking nucleotides to modulate the telomere length of a chromosome are provided. Methods of modulating telomere length of a mammalian chromosome in vitro and in vivo are also provided, as are methods for inhibiting the division of a malignant mammalian cell and for modulating the effects of cellular aging.

The present application describes selected polynucleotide sequence from the 1.66-megabase pair genome sequence of an autotrophic archaeon, Methanococcus jannaschii, and its 58- and 16-kilobase pair extrachromosomal elements.

The invention provides a major SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) marker influencing the growth traits of pigs. The SNP marker is located at a nucleotide sequence of an HMGA1 gene of a pig chromosome 7, a locus of the SNP marker is the nucleotide mutation of C857-G857 with an SEQ ID NO:1 sequence labeling position of 857, corresponding to a 34983991st nucleotide locus C> on chromosome 7 in a reference sequence in an international pig genome version 10.2, G mutation, or one of seven other loci completely linked with the locus. The invention also provides the application of the SNP marker in the genetic improvement of growth traits of breeding pigs, and provides the application of an SNP molecular marker with a linkage disequilibrium degree (r2) with the SNP marker of greater than 0.8 in the genetic improvement of growth traits of breeding pigs. The growth traits include one or more of the length and height of a living body of a pig, carcass length, carcass weight, daily gain and head weight. According to the invention, the breeding process of breeding pigs can be accelerated, the productivity of breeding pigs can be effectively improved, and remarkable economic benefits can be obtained.

Disclosed are methods and tools for rapidly aligning reads to a reference sequence. These methods and tools employ Bloom filters or similar set membership testers to perform the alignment. The reads may be short sequences of nucleic acids or other biological molecules and the reference sequences may be sequences of genomes, chromosomes, etc. The Bloom filters include a collection of hash functions, a bit array, and associated logic for applying reads to the filter. Each filter, and there may be multiple of these used in a particular application, is used to determine whether an applied read is present in a reference sequence. Each Bloom filter is associated with a single reference sequence such as the sequence of a particular chromosome. In one example, chromosomal abundance is determined by aligning reads from a sequencer to multiple chromosomes, each having an associated Bloom filter or other set membership tester.