The invention discloses an NGS data analysis method of enteromicroorganism 16 S rRNA, which comprises the following steps: 1), carrying out database preparation: finding out a sequence capable of being expanded by a V4 universal primer from SILVA132 and Duengene13-8-16S databases, cutting off the V4 universal primer from the sequence to obtain a 254bp sequence, respectively intercepting 125bp sequences from positive and negative directions, and connecting the bidirectional 125bp sequences; obtaining a sequence of which the length is 250bp; 2), training a feature classification trainer: training the sequence in the step 1) and the corresponding classification information by using a naive Bayes classifier of the qiime2 to obtain a more accurate feature classifier; 3), evaluating the accuracy, namely deducing the mixed sequencing sample by using a simulated microbial community and DADA2, and comparing the deduced mixed sequencing sample with real annotation information; and 4), performingdiversity analysis: executing multi-sequence alignment on the representative sequence by using a mafft program, and generating a phylogenetic tree based on the filtered alignment result by applying FastTree. The data utilization rate is improved, and the detection effect of longer read-length sequencing can be achieved.