54results about How to "Accelerate the pace of breeding" patented technology

The invention discloses a primer pair for assaying the thousand-grain weight of wheat and a related molecular marker. The specific primer pair disclosed by the invention consists of a single-stranded DNA fragment shown in a sequence 3 of a sequence table and a single-stranded DNA fragment shown in a sequence 4 of the sequence table. The invention discloses allelic variation sequences, namely TaGS-D1a and TaGS-D1b, of an ordinary wheat gene TaGS and provides functional markers for assaying the allelic variation of the TaGS-D1a and the TaGS-D1b and the relationship between the functional markers and the thousand-grain weight of the wheat. Through applying the functional markers provided by the invention to molecular-marker-assisted selection, wheat varieties (materials) with higher thousand-grain weight can be quickly screened out, and thus, the pace for breeding new high-yielding wheat varieties is accelerated. The primer pair and the related molecular marker have important theoretical significance and economic value in the molecular-marker-assisted selection of the high-yielding wheat varieties.

The invention discloses a molecular marker and a specific primer for identifying wheat grain germination traits and application thereof. The invention provides a specific primer pair. The specific primer pair comprises two primers; amplification products comprise specific DNA molecules; the specific DNA molecules are target sequences of a primer F and a primer R in a wheat genome; the primer F is a single-chain DNA molecule shown as a sequence 3 of a sequence table; the primer R is a single-chain DNA molecule shown as a sequence 4 of the sequence table. The invention also provides a molecular marker related to a wheat germination index; the molecular marker is a DNA fragment prepared by taking the genome DNA of the to-be-detected wheat as a template and amplifying by using the specific primers. The molecular marker and the specific primer have important theoretical significance and economic value for assistant selection of wheat variety with preharvest sprouting resistance through the molecular marker.

The invention relates to a method for obtaining a haploid plant by eggplant anther culturing, which belongs to the technical field of agriculture. The method comprises the following steps: by identification of a pollen development stage, selecting a flower bud; sterilizing the flower bud; grafting anther; pretreating; culturing anther; and inducing callus tissue to be subjected to redifferentiation to form the haploid plant. According to the method, the pollen development stage is determined and an external morphological marker is adopted. Since microspore and an anther wall are co-cultured by virtue of a solid culturing medium, low temperature and heat shock pretreatment is performed, callus induction and culturing medium component differentiation are performed and culturing conditions are adjusted, the frequency of callus induction and the differentiating capability of the callus tissue are enhanced. When the method is used for culturing eggplant anther, the callus inductivity reaches over 60%, the emergence rate reaches over 80% and the problem of low inductivity in eggplant anther culturing is solved. By virtue of the method, the haploid plant can be obtained and the emergence rate is high; if the method is applicable to breeding practice, the breeding process can be accelerated and a powerful approach is provided for new variety breeding.

The invention discloses a walnut planting method. The method mainly comprises the following steps of germination accelerating and breeding-grafting-fertilizer and water managing-field managing. According to the walnut planting method, walnut fine seeds are rapidly bred, the new breakthroughs of the walnut breeding of current year seeding, current year grafting and current year outplanting are achieved. The outplanting and the field establishing are one to two years earlier than normal grafting and breeding, the problem that former walnut-trees are high in planting and producing cost is solved, the pace of walnut improving planting is accelerated, the planted walnut is high in quality, the yield is increased, and the economic benefit is improved.

The invention provides a culture medium formulation for regenerated plantlets of Brassica isolated microspores, which relates to improvement of a culture medium formulation for regenerated plantlets of Brassica microspores as horticultural crops, and belongs to the field of bioengineering. The invention provides the culture medium formulation for regenerated plantlets of Brassica isolated microspores, which is high in induced embryo formation rate and differentiation rate. A culture medium of the invention comprises an embryoid induction culture medium, a differentiation culture medium and a rooting culture medium, wherein the embryoid induction culture medium, the differentiation culture medium and the rooting culture medium all comprise macroelements, trace elements and organic elements. The formulation has the advantages of providing a large number of new genotype pure lines for breeding and greatly enriching breeding resources of Brassica.

The invention discloses a molecular marker for identifying the peroxidase activity of wheat grains and an application of the molecular marker. The invention provides a complete set of primers for identifying the peroxidase activity of wheat. The complete set of primers consists of a primer pair 1, a primer pair 2 and a primer pair 3, wherein the primer pair 1 is composed of single-stranded DNA asshown in a sequence 1 and a sequence 2; the primer pair 2 is composed of single-stranded DNA as shown in a sequence 3 and a sequence 4; and the primer pair 3 is composed of single-stranded DNA as shown in a sequence 5 and a sequence 6. The molecular marker disclosed by the invention can be used for rapidly identifying allelic variation of TaPod-A3a, TaPod-A3b and TaPod-A3c and a correlation relationship between the allelic variation and the POD activity of the wheat, and screening out a wheat variety with relatively high POD activity, so that the breeding pace of a new high-quality wheat variety is accelerated, and the molecular marker has important theoretical significance and economic value in molecular marker-assisted selection of wheat varieties with high POD activity.

The invention relates to a two-generation in one year reproduction method for konjac cross breeding and belongs to the technical field of agricultural breeding. The method is characterized in that when 1/3-2/3 of the berry peel outside cross breeding seeds formed in the current year through konjac conventional cross breeding is turned from green into reddish orange or blue, the berry peel is stripped to obtain the seeds, the seeds are cultivated through an existing plant tissue cultivation method, seedlings with roots are planted on a seedbed in the same year, the seedlings grow more than three months, and single plant screening is performed. The seeds obtained by the method are induced and cultivated, seedling emergence percentage of the seeds reaches 65%-90%, and the seedling emergence percentage of mature seeds through induction and cultivation is 0. The two-generation in one year reproduction method for the konjac cross breeding achieves the purpose of two-generation in one year reproduction, improves reproduction coefficient, accelerates breeding step, and improves breeding efficiency.

A method for culturing the regenerative plant of couliflower by free microspore culturing technique includes such steps as culturing until the microspore is generated, culturing at 25 deg.C and under 4000 LX for illumination (12-16 hr per day) until it becomes green, and culturing on non-hormone solid culture medium MS containing cane sugar (3%) until young seedling is grown up. It features that said solid culture medium contains also three auxins: kinin, 6-benzylpurine and naphthalene acetic acid. Its advantages are broad breeding resources and short breeding time.

The present invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and relates to a specific primer pair, an allele and a molecular marker for screening thea section with low caffeine trait and a screening method. The present invention discloses allelic variation TCS1a, TCS1b, TCS1c, TCS1d, TCS1e and TCS1f sequence fragments of thea section TCS1 gene, and provides a functional marker for identification of low caffeine thea section, and the functional marker is used for molecular marker-assisted selection for quickly screening a low caffeine thea section material so as to speed up the pace of breeding of low caffeine tea tree varieties. The molecular marker-assisted selection of the low caffeine tea tree varieties has important theoretical significance and economic value.

The invention relates to a method for breeding high-quality wheat. The method comprises the following steps of: hybridizing by selecting Zhengmai 005 as a female parent and Aizao 781 as a male parent, screening later generations of the Zhengmai 005 and the Aizao 781 to obtain Xufeng 998, and hybridizing by selecting Meisheng 0308 as a female parent and the Xufeng 998 as a male parent to obtain F1generation; back-crossing the F1 generation of plants and the wheat material, namely the Xufeng 998, and screening plants which are short in stalk, premature, more in tiller and good in disease resistance from one half of sterile plants; carrying out back-crossing for many times of the screened sterile plants and the wheat material, namely the Xufeng 998, and obtaining the screened wheat, namely the high-quality wheat. The bred high-quality wheat disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being hard in grain cutin, short in stalk, premature, more in tiller and good in disease resistanceand stress resistance.

The invention discloses a brassica napobrassica growth regulatory factor gene GRF2 and an application thereof. A base sequence of the gene is a nucleotide sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:1; or a gene sequence of another crop, wherein the gene sequence has no less than 70% homology with that represented by SEQ ID NO:1; or a mutant allele or a derivative obtained after one or more nucleotides areprocessed through addition, substitution, insertion or deletion. As a result of researches, the expression level of the gene in brassica napobrassica high-oil parents and high-oil mixture crops is higher than that in low-oil parents and low-oil mixture crops. A transgene result obtained by using arabidopsis thaliana as an acceptor verified that, with the over-expression of the gene, arabidopsis thaliana oil content is improved, and a 1000-seed weight of arabidopsis thaliana is increased. The invention also provides an application of brassica napobrassica growth regulatory factor gene BnGRF2 in improving the 1000-seed weight and oil content of plants such as arabidopsis thaliana. Therefore, the gene has good application prospect in oil-yield seed breeding of brassica napobrassica and otheroil crops.

The invention discloses a functional molecular marker of related genes of cell nuclear male sterility of peppers and application thereof. A specific primer pair provided by the invention consists of two primers for amplifying specific DNA fragments; the specific DNA fragments have target sequences of the primer pairs formed by primers InDel-12F and primers InDel-12R in a pepper genome; the primersInDel-12F is single-chain DNA molecules shown in a sequence 3 of a sequence table, and the primers InDel-12R is single-chain DNA molecules shown in a sequence 4 of the sequence table. By applicationof the molecular marker InDel-12 provided by the invention, the varieties of pepper with cell nuclear male sterility can be rapidly screened. The functional molecular marker and the application have important theoretical significance and economic value.

The invention provides a method of quickly stabilizing a spinach strong female line parent and improving hybrid seed purity. Particularly, according to the method, a female line material is stabilized and purified quickly in a short period by using the characteristic that a strong female line is sensitive to a high temperature; a seed breeding course is accelerated; a bottleneck problem in spinach seed breeding is quickly solved; the hybrid seed purity is improved; the seed breeding pace of spinach hybrid seeds is quickened; and a blank in the existing spinach breeding technology is filled in.

The invention discloses a method for auxiliary identification of drought resistance of wheat to be detected and a special molecular marker thereof. The method comprises the following steps: by taking genome DNA of wheat to be detected as a template, carrying out PCR amplification by adopting a primer pair consisting of a primer F and a primer R to obtain a DNA fragment; the DNA fragment being the molecular marker related to wheat drought resistance. The molecular marker specifically can be a DNA segment A or a DNA segment B. The nucleotide sequences of the primer F, the primer R, the DNA segment A and the DNA segment B are shown as SEQ ID NO: 12, SEQ ID NO: 13, SEQ ID NO: 14 and SEQ ID NO: 15 in sequence. The wheat variety of which the genome contains the DNA segment B and does not contain the DNA segment A has drought resistance. By applying the molecular marker provided by the invention, the wheat variety with drought resistance can be quickly screened out, so that the breeding pace of the wheat variety is accelerated. The method has an important application value.

The invention discloses an SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) marker related to pig eye muscle area as well as a detection method and application thereof, the SNP marker is located at the 134th, 993rd and 242nd positions of chromosome 4 of a reference sequence of version 10.2 of international pig genome and has T/G polymorphism; compared with pigs with genotypes of TT and TG, pigs with genotypes of GG of the SNP marker have a larger eye muscle area. The determination of the SNP marker related to the pig eye muscle area provided by the invention can assist in selecting pig dominant varieties with large eye muscle areas, shortens the breeding period, and improves the breeding efficiency and the breeding precision.

The invention discloses a molecular marker relevant to the wheat grain ferulic acid arabiaxylan (FAX) content. The invention provides a set primer for identifying the content of the wheat grain ferulic acid arabiaxylan content. The molecular marker consists of a primer pair 1 and a primer pair 2, wherein the primer pair 1 consists of single-chain DNA shown as SEQ ID No. 1 and SEQ ID No. 2; the primer pair 2 consists of single-chain DNA shown as SEQ ID No. 3 and SEQ ID No. 4. The molecular marker can be used for fast identifying TaBahd-A1a and TaBahd-A1b allelic variation and the relevant relationship between the allelic variation and the wheat FAX content; the wheat variety with high FAX content is screened out; the culture step of the new variety of the high-quality wheat is accelerated;in addition, the important theoretical significance and economic values are realized on the auxiliary selection of high-FAX-content wheat variety by using the molecular marker.

The invention discloses a molecular marker and application of a common wheat low-molecular-weight glutelin Glu-B3h gene. The molecular marker is composed of single-chain DNA molecules as shown in sequence 1 and single-chain DNA molecules as shown in sequence 2. Experiments prove that by means of the molecular marker, wheat species with the Glu-B3h gene can be fast screened out, correspondingly, the flour quality will be improved, and therefore the breeding pace of new wheat species containing high-quality genes is accelerated.

The invention discloses an SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphism) marker for evaluating the back fat thickness and the eye muscle area of a pig as well as an recognition method and application of the SNP marker, and the SNP marker is located on an ENSSSCG00000004081 gene, is located at reference sequences Chromosome1: 16, 077 and 935 of an international pig genome version 10.2, and has T/C polymorphism. The determination of the SNP marker related to evaluation of pig backfat thickness and 100kg ocular muscle area can assist in selection of pig dominant varieties with low backfat thickness and high ocular muscle area, shortens the breeding period, and improves the breeding efficiency and breeding precision.

The invention discloses application of a molecular marker MtD4 in identifying carrot petal male sterility. Genomic DNA of a carrot to be tested is used as a template, and a primer pair consisting of aprimer F and a primer R is used for PCR amplification to obtain a DNA fragment. The DNA fragment is the molecular marker MtD4 related to the carrot petal male sterility. The nucleotide sequences of the primer F and the primer R are sequentially shown as the sequence 8 and the sequence 9 in the sequence listing. The molecular marker MtD4 may specifically be a DNA fragment 1 or a DNA fragment 2. The nucleotide sequences of the DNA fragment 1 and the DNA fragment 2 are sequentially shown as the sequence 14 and the sequence 15 in the sequence listing. The carrot variety carrying the DNA fragment1 and not carrying the DNA fragment 2 has the petal male sterility. By using the molecular marker MtD4, the carrot variety with the petal male sterility can be rapidly screened out. The application has important application value.

The invention discloses a scientific effective juglans regia planting method. The method mainly comprises the following steps of: sprouting and seed breeding, grafting, fertilizer and water managementand field management. Fine seeds of juglans regia are propagated rapidly, so that a new break that seed sowing, grafting and harvest for propagating juglans regia are performed in a same year is achieved, and harvest and garden construction are 1-2 years earlier than conventional grafting propagation; in addition, the problem of too high cost of planting production of juglans regia trees in the past is solved, the pace of seed improvement of juglans regia can be quickened, and the planted juglans regia has good quality, increased yield and improved economic benefits.

The invention discloses an SNP marker significantly related to pig backfat thickness and a utilization method thereof. The SNP marker is located at 312bp, 813bp and 451bp positions of chromosome No.1 of a pig reference genome Sscrofa10.2 version sequence, and the SNP marker has specific C/T polymorphism; and compared with pigs with genotypes of TC and CC, the pig with the genotype of TT has lower backfat thickness. The SNP marker obviously related to the pig backfat thickness can be used for identifying or assisting in identifying individuals with low pig backfat thickness, molecular markers for assisting breeding are enriched, the breeding speed of good pig breeds is increased, the steps of pig molecular breeding are accelerated, meanwhile, a feasible scheme is provided for breeding of pigs with low backfat thickness, the method is suitable for popularization and application, and the economic benefits of pig production enterprises are improved.