The application provides a multifunctional
nanofiltration membrane and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: first, preparing a hydrophilic polydopamine oxidation layer on a
polyamide nanofiltration membrane; then,
grafting a PHFBM self-cleaning layer with low
surface energy on the polydopamine layer; then,
grafting a PMTAC layer with sterilization performance on the PHFBM layer; finally,
grafting a zwitterionic
polymer PSBMA layer with a defense function on the PMTAC layer, so as to obtain a multifunctional
nanofiltration membrane with the functions of defense, resistance and self-cleaning. The multifunctional nanofiltration membrane prepared by the application can effectively improve the
pollution phenomenon of microorganisms by the defense of the hydrophilic material and the sterilization effect of the
quaternary ammonium salt while maintaining the
advantage of high water flux, and the low
surface energy material can make dead cells and
extracellular polymers automatically fall off from the
membrane surface under low
shear force, so that the effect of self-cleaning is realized.