The utility model relates to the technical field of aircrafts, and discloses a vertical take-off and landing aircraft capable of quickly replacing rotor wings, which comprises an aircraft body, a plurality of wings are fixedly connected outside the aircraft body, the tops of the wings are rotatably connected with connecting blocks I, two rotating shafts I are rotatably connected inside the connecting blocks I, and the two rotating shafts I are rotatably connected inside the aircraft body. A threaded block is fixedly connected to the exterior of the first rotating shaft, two clamping blocks are slidably connected to the interior of the first connecting block, threaded shafts are connected to the interiors of the two clamping blocks in a threaded mode, and telescopic rods are fixedly connected to the sides, close to each other, of the two clamping blocks. When the connecting shaft is subjected to external force, the connecting shaft moves downwards to enable the groove and the threaded shaft to move, when the connecting column moves, the groove rotates, the threaded shaft linearly moves, and the first spring correspondingly stretches out and draws back along with the movement of the threaded shaft, so that elastic support is provided; therefore, the effect of quickly replacing the rotor wing is achieved.