The invention discloses a system and a method for testing the mechanical-electrical coupling effect of an electrical conducting functional material . The system comprises an electrical conducting functional material sample, a sample electrode, an insulation tape, an external wire on the electrode, a sample clamping device, a displacement sensor, a transmission shaft, a driving motor, a force sensor, a handheld four-point probe, a digital source meter B, a digital source meter A and a DC power supply, wherein an integral load-displacement curve can be obtained through accurate control of parameters such as voltage strength, conduction time and loading speed; mechanical and electrical properties such as elasticity modulus, tensile strength, elongation at break, yield strength, integral volume resistivity and micro-area volume resistivity distribution of a material under the action of different force fields and electric fields can be obtained through further calculation. Therefore, measurement and analysis of the mechanical-electrical coupling effect of the electrical conducting functional material can be realized accurately and reliably, and the system and the method are suitable for electrical conducting functional materials such as conductive macromolecule, piezoceramics, a polymer-matrix composite, a ceramics-matrix composite, and a metal-matrix composite.