85results about How to "Efficient ionization" patented technology

Systems and methods are provided for applying a high frequency voltage in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid to create a relatively low-temperature plasma for ablation of tissue adjacent to, or in contact with, the plasma. In one embodiment, an electrosurgical probe or catheter is positioned adjacent the target site so that one or more active electrode(s) are brought into contact with, or close proximity to, a target tissue in the presence of electrically conductive fluid. High frequency voltage is then applied between the active electrode(s) and one or more return electrode(s) to non-thermally generate a plasma adjacent to the active electrode(s), and to volumetrically remove or ablate at least a portion of the target tissue. The high frequency voltage generates electric fields around the active electrode(s) with sufficient energy to ionize the conductive fluid adjacent to the active electrode(s). Within the ionized gas or plasma, free electrons are accelerated, and electron-atoms collisions liberate more electrons, and the process cascades until the plasma contains sufficient energy to break apart the tissue molecules, causing molecular dissociation and ablation of the target tissue.

Systems and methods are provided for applying a high frequency voltage in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid. High frequency voltage is then applied between the active electrode(s) and one or more return electrode(s) to volumetrically remove or ablate at least a portion of the target tissue. In one embodiment a tissue treatment surface includes spacers or a chamber for containing the electrodes.

The showerhead for a CVD apparatus can be easily produced and is capable of forming a film efficiently. The showerhead comprises: a shower plate being made of a metal; and a porous plate contacting a rear face of the shower plate. A plurality of gas diffusion holes are formed in a plate section of the shower plate, which faces a workpiece, and penetrate the plate section in the thickness direction, and the porous plate covers all of the gas diffusion holes.

Systems and methods are provided for applying a high frequency voltage in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid to create a relatively low-temperature plasma for ablation of tissue adjacent to, or in contact with, the plasma. In one embodiment, an electrosurgical probe or catheter is positioned adjacent the target site so that one or more active electrode(s) are brought into contact with, or close proximity to, a target tissue in the presence of electrically conductive fluid. High frequency voltage is then applied between the active electrode(s) and one or more return electrode(s) to non-thermally generate a plasma adjacent to the active electrode(s), and to volumetrically remove or ablate at least a portion of the target tissue. The high frequency voltage generates electric fields around the active electrode(s) with sufficient energy to ionize the conductive fluid adjacent to the active electrode(s). Within the ionized gas or plasma, free electrons are accelerated, and electron-atoms collisions liberate more electrons, and the process cascades until the plasma contains sufficient energy to break apart the tissue molecules, causing molecular dissociation and ablation of the target tissue.

Systems and methods are provided for applying a high frequency voltage in the presence of an electrically conductive fluid to create a relatively low-temperature plasma for ablation of tissue adjacent to, or in contact with, the plasma. In one embodiment, an electrosurgical probe or catheter is positioned adjacent the target site so that one or more active electrode(s) are brought into contact with, or close proximity to, a target tissue in the presence of electrically conductive fluid. High frequency voltage is then applied between the active electrode(s) and one or more return electrode(s) to non-thermally generate a plasma adjacent to the active electrode(s), and to volumetrically remove or ablate at least a portion of the target tissue. The high frequency voltage generates electric fields around the active electrode(s) with sufficient energy to ionize the conductive fluid adjacent to the active electrode(s). Within the ionized gas or plasma, free electrons are accelerated, and electron-atoms collisions liberate more electrons, and the process cascades until the plasma contains sufficient energy to break apart the tissue molecules, causing molecular dissociation and ablation of the target tissue.

An explosive detection system includes an X-ray inspection apparatus, a mover for moving an object to be inspected to the X-ray inspection apparatus, a sample introduction probe for sampling a gas sample from the object to be inspected, a pipe for introducing the sampled gas into a corona discharge region and for subjecting the sampled gas to negative corona discharge to ionize the sampled gas and to generate negative ions. A mass spectrometer is provided to analyze the mass of the negative ions of the sampled gas and to provide results thereof. Inspection by the X-ray inspection apparatus is performed in relation to sampling of the gas sample, and explosive detection system inspects whether or not an explosive is present in the object to be inspected, from the analysis results of the sampled gas.

A mass spectrometer has an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source that includes a first ionization portion including a needle electrode, for generating a primary ion by discharge of the needle electrode a primary ion introduction aperture, and a second ionization portion including an introduction aperture, for generating a sample ion by the reaction between the primary ion and the sample gas introduced from an end of a column of gas chromatography, a sample ion movement aperture; and a mass analysis portion; wherein the end is arranged at a position satisfying the relation r≦2R where R is a radius of an inner diameter of the aperture and r is a distance between an axis connecting the center of the aperture and the center of the aperture, and the end.

In an extreme ultra violet light source apparatus that exhausts debris including fast ions and neutral particles by the effect of a magnetic field, neutral particles emitted from plasma are efficiently ionized. The extreme ultraviolet light source apparatus includes: a plasma generating unit that generates plasma, that radiates at least extreme ultra violet light, through pulse operation; collective optics that collects the extreme ultra violet light radiated from the plasma; a microwave generating unit that radiates microwave through pulse operation into a space in which a magnetic field is formed to cause electron cyclotron resonance, and thereby ionizes neutral particles emitted from the plasma; a magnetic field forming unit that forms the magnetic field and a magnetic field for trapping at least ionized particles; and a control unit that synchronously controls at least the plasma generating unit and the microwave generating unit.

A mass spectrometer has an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source that includes a first ionization portion including a needle electrode, for generating a primary ion by discharge of the needle electrode a primary ion introduction aperture, and a second ionization portion including an introduction aperture, for generating a sample ion by the reaction between the primary ion and the sample gas introduced from an end of a column of gas chromatography, a sample ion movement aperture; and a mass analysis portion; wherein the end is arranged at a position satisfying the relation r≦2R where R is a radius of an inner diameter of the aperture and r is a distance between an axis connecting the center of the aperture and the center of the aperture, and the end.

A mass spectrometer is disclosed wherein a z-lens upstream of an orthogonal acceleration Time of Flight mass analyser is repeatedly switched between a first mode wherein ions are transmitted to the mass analyser for subsequent mass analysis with a relatively high transmission and a second mode wherein ions are transmitted with a relatively low transmission. If it is determined that mass spectral data obtained when the mass analyser is in the first mode is suffering from saturation, then suitably scaled mass spectral data obtained when the mass analyser is in the second mode is used instead. If the saturation is severe then the mass spectral data obtained in the first mode may be replaced in its entirety with mass spectral data obtained in the second mode.

A mass spectrometer of reduced size and weight is provided which is capable to conduct highly accurate mass spectroscopy. The mass spectrometer includes an ion source adapted to ionize gas flowing in from outside in order to ionize a measurement sample and a mass spectroscopy section for separating the ionized measurement sample. The ion source has its interior reduced in pressure by differential pumping from the mass spectroscopy section and ionizes the gas when the interior pressure rises as it inhales the gas, and the mass spectroscopy section separates the ionized measurement sample when its interior pressure falls after inhale of the gas. The mass spectrometer may further include a restriction device for suppressing a flow rate of the gas the ion source inhales and an open / close device for opening and closing a flow of the gas the ion source inhales.

One aspect of the system provides the use of a laser with a mass spectrometer. Another aspect of the present application employs a laser emitting a pulse of less than one picosecond duration into an ion-trap mass spectrometer. In yet another aspect of the present application, a femtosecond laser beam pulse is emitted upon an ionized specimen to remove at least one electron therefrom.

The invention relates to a macroscopic assembly of nanometric filamentary structures. The macroscopic assembly comprises a plurality of microscopic assemblies substantially aligned in a same direction and connected together. Each of the microscopic assemblies comprises a plurality of members defining a plurality of spaces therebetween. Each of the members comprises a nanometric filamentary structure or a bundle of nanometric filamentary structures, wherein the macroscopic assembly has a density of less than 8 mg / cm3. The is also provided a method for prerparing such a macroscopic assembly.

In an extreme ultra violet light source apparatus that exhausts debris including fast ions and neutral particles by the effect of a magnetic field, neutral particles emitted from plasma are efficiently ionized. The extreme ultra violet light source apparatus includes a plasma generating unit that generates plasma, that radiates at least extreme ultra violet light, through pulse operation; collective optics that collects the extreme ultra violet light radiated from the plasma; a microwave generating unit that radiates microwave through pulse operation into a space in which a magnetic field is formed to cause electron cyclotron resonance, and thereby ionizes neutral particles emitted from the plasma; a magnetic field forming unit that forms the magnetic field and a magnetic field for trapping at least ionized particles; and a control unit that synchronously controls at least the plasma generating unit and the microwave generating unit.

It is intended to provide a method of preparing sample for matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry using a matrix capable of generating preferred crystals that cause effective ionization of a molecule to be measured. A method of preparing a sample for matrix-assisted laser desorption / ionization mass spectrometry comprising the steps of: preparing a solution of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid of 40 mg / mL to saturated concentration as a matrix solution; and dispensing the matrix solution to a sample to be analyzed by using an inkjet mechanism, to crystallize the 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid.

The present invention provides a method capable of efficiently ionizing hydrophobic peptides in MALDI-IT, MALDI-IT-TOF, and MALDI-FTICR mass spectrometers. A method of measuring a peptide with a mass spectrometer having a MALDI (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption / Ionization) ion source, using α-cyano-3-hydroxycinnamic acid or 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid as a matrix. Preferably, a peptide derivatized with 2-nitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride is measured with a MALDI-IT, MALDI-IT-TOF, or MALDI-FTICR mass spectrometer. When 3-hydroxy-4-nitrobenzoic acid is used as a matrix, the matrix is preferably used as a mixed matrix in which α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid is combined.

An electro-kinetic air conditioner includes an ion generator that has an electrode assembly including a first array of emitter electrode(s), a second array of collector electrode(s), and a high voltage generator. The first and / or second electrode array can be include an electrically conductive foam, which may provide various advantages.

A portable gas analyzer comprising an integrated micro-flame ionization detector (micro-FID), a micro-gas chromatograph (micro-GC), an electrolyzer, and a flame-shaped electrode are provided. The components of the portable gas analyzer can be integrated into a single “lunchbox” sized housing with all the peripherals required to operate the micro-GC / FID without an external power and gas supply.

An electrolysis device is provided. The electrolysis device includes an ionizer unit having first and second plate assemblies that each provide a different surface area that is contacted by water when the unit is in use. The plate assemblies may each provide a different surface area by providing a different number of plates. The plate assemblies are formed from integral pieces of material, to enhance the reliability of the device. The present invention further provides a control unit programmed to provide an output to the ionizer unit that varies in polarity over time.

The invention provides a mass spectrometer and a mass analyzing method. The mass spectrometer realizes efficiently ionization of a sample with less carry-over. The ratio of the amount of sample gas to that of a whole headspace gas is increased by decreasing the pressure inside of a sample vessel in which the sample is sealed thereby efficiently ionizing the sample.

The invention discloses a curved magnetron sputtering cathode, closed magnetic field coating magnetron sputtering equipment and application methods thereof. The curved magnetron sputtering cathode comprises a curved target material, a water jacket, an electrode, an insulating bush, a shielding component, a magnetic boot, a magnetic boot rotating component and a supporting and fixing mechanism, wherein the insulating bush performs potential insulation on a cathode component; the shielding component is a suspended potential component in a discharge process; and the magnetic boot rotating component can realize sliding of the magnetic boot. The utilization ratio of the magnetic material is improved; the curved target material is formed by splicing a plurality of metal-based tiles, of which thesurfaces can be bonded with nonmetals, and is fixed on the water jacket which is formed by welding the surface of a stainless steel tube with a water-cooled tube; the electrode is connected with a negative voltage to perform magnetron sputtering glow discharge; and limited by the shape of the cathode, electrons in glow discharge are gathered to produce a hollow cathode effect, so that not only the sputtering rate but also the particle ionization rate is improved. The curved magnetron sputtering cathode can perform magnetron sputtering in a high-vacuum state to generate big-beam high-ionization-rate particles so as to obtain a high-quality coating.

The invention relates to a horizontal plasma and photocatalytic indoor air purifier, comprising a shell body; wherein, the shell body is internally provided with a plasma purifying chamber and a photocatalytic purifying chamber from front to back in turn; the plasma purifying chamber is provided with a plurality of vertical flat plates which are parallel to each other and evenly spaced; a plurality of discharge bars are evenly distributed among the flat plates, and the surface thereof is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge pricks; the vertical flat plate is connected with a negative pole of a power supply, while the discharge bar is connected with a positive pole of the power supply; the vertical flat plate and the discharge bar are arranged together by an insulated bracket; the inside of the photocatalytic purifying chamber is provided with a photocatalytic ultraviolet light, and the top part and / or the bottom part of the photocatalytic ultraviolet light is provided with multilayers of photocatalyst filters; the back end of the shell body is provided with an air outlet, while the front end thereof is provided with an air inlet. The invention features relatively simple structure, good ionization effect, the capacity of realizing relatively high purifying effect, thus being mainly applied to purification of indoor air.

A method of and apparatus for controlling the temperature of an inductively coupled or microwave induced plasma for optical emission spectrometry or mass spectrometry in which the intensities of two spectral lines of radiation emitted by the plasma are measured, and the power provided to sustain the plasma is adjusted so that the ratio of the intensities remains substantially constant.

The invention relates to a runner humidifying vertical plasma and absorption purifying air handling device, comprising a shell body; wherein, the shell body is internally provided with a runner humidifying chamber, a plasma purifying chamber and an absorption purifying chamber from the bottom up in turn; the runner humidifying chamber is internally provided with an annular humidifying runner, and the bottom thereof is a water tank which can submerge the bottom of the humidifying runner; the plasma purifying chamber is internally provided with an earthing electrode and a discharge electrode; the earthing electrode is barrel-shaped and is connected with a power ground; the discharge electrode is baculiform; the surface of the discharge electrode is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge pricks and is connected with an output end of a high-frequency power supply; the earthing electrode and the discharge electrode are arranged together by an insulated bracket; an absorbing material layer is arranged in the absorption purifying chamber; the absorbing material of the absorbing material layer uses porous materials, while the activated carbon fiber with precious metal and cold accelerant is preferred. The invention features relatively simple structure, good purification effect and capacity of regulating humidity of indoor air, thus being mainly applied to purification and humidity regulation of indoor air and other similar air.

The invention relates to a horizontal flat plate plasma indoor air purifying device, comprising a plurality of vertical flat plates which are parallel to each other and evenly spaced; wherein, a plurality of discharge electrode bars are distributed among the flat plates; the surface of the discharge electrode bars is evenly provided with a plurality of discharge pricks; the vertical flat plates are electrically connected with a power ground of a high-frequency power supply; the discharge bars are electrically connected with an output end of the high-frequency power supply; an earthing electrode and a discharge electrode are arranged together by an insulated bracket; the earthing electrode can be made by a metal plate on which through holes are arranged; the discharge pricks are welded on the discharge bars; the discharge pricks can be in the shape of pyramid or cone or sawtooth, and are distributed by layers on the discharge electrodes; 3-6 discharge pricks are arranged in the same layer and the directions of the discharge pricks in adjacent layers are staggered. The invention features relatively simple structure, good ionization effect, the capacity of realizing relatively high purification effect, thus being mainly applied to purification of indoor air.

The invention relates to horizontal turning wheel spray washing plasma and photocatalytic air-purification equipment, wherein the shell body of the equipment is internally provided with a turning wheel humid room, a plasma purification room, and a photocatalysis reaction room from the front to the back in turn, a ring-shaped humidifying turning wheel is arranged in the turning wheel humid room, a water groove which can immerse the bottom of the humidifying turning wheel is arranged at the bottom of the turning wheel humid room; the plasma purification room is provided with a plurality of parallel and equidistant vertical plane plates; a plurality of discharging rods are distributed evenly between the plane plates; the photocatalysis reaction room is internally provided with a photocatalytic ultraviolet lamp; a plurality of layers of photocatalyst filter screens are arranged above and / or below of the photocatalytic ultraviolet lamp; a storage water tank is arranged outside of the shell body; a diving pump is arranged in the storage water tank; an outlet pipe of the diving pump is connected with a spray pipe; the spray pipe is positioned above the back side of the humidifying turning wheel. The invention has relatively simple structure, realizes multiple purification of air pollutants, can reach higher purification effect, and is mainly used for indoor air purification.

One aspect of the system provides the use of a laser with a mass spectrometer. Another aspect of the present application employs a laser emitting a pulse of less than one picosecond duration into an ion-trap mass spectrometer. In yet another aspect of the present application, a femtosecond laser beam pulse is emitted upon an ionized specimen to remove at least one electron therefrom.

The invention relates to a horizontal plasma and absorption indoor air purifier, comprising a shell body; wherein, the shell body is internally provided with a plasma purifying chamber and an absorption purifying chamber from front to back in turn; the plasma purifying chamber is provided with a plurality of vertical flat plates which are parallel to each other and evenly spaced; a plurality of discharge bars are evenly distributed among the flat plates; a plurality of discharge pricks are arranged on the surfaces of the discharge bars; the vertical flat plate is connected with a negative pole of a power supply, while the discharge bar is connected with a positive pole of the power supply; the vertical flat plate and the discharge bar are arranged together by an insulated bracket; the absorption purifying chamber is provided with absorption material layers, and the absorbing material is activated carbon fiber with precious metal cold accelerant; the back end of the shell body is provided with an air outlet, while the front end thereof is provided with an air inlet. The invention features relatively simple structure, good ionization effect, the capacity of realizing relatively high purifying effect, thus being mainly applied to purification of indoor air.

The invention discloses novel water-based electrospark wire-electrode cutting liquid. The cutting liquid is mainly composed of, by mass, 14% to 18% of surface active agents, 1.4% to 2% of antirust agents, 8% to 12% of blasting agents, 1.5% to 2.5% of electrolyte, 0.8% to 2% of other additives and the balance deionized water. The novel water-based electrospark wire-electrode cutting liquid is reasonable in component preparation, low in preparation cost, free of poisonous substance and environmentally friendly, has the good rust prevention performance, the good insulating performance, the good rapid ionization performance, the good washing performance, the good cooling performance and other good performance, and is particularly suitable for iron board cutting, copper board cutting and aluminum board cutting.

The invention discloses a symmetric magnetron sputtering process and application of a diamond-like carbon coating thereof. Due to the electron gathering effect in the discharging process of symmetricmagnetron sputtering cathodes opposite in direction, the ionization rate of sputtered carbon particles is increased, the high-energy carbon particles overflow from a gap between the symmetric cathodesand is subjected to doping of metal atoms of a magnetron sputtering metal target so that the diamond-like carbon coating can be formed, and due to the symmetric magnetron sputtering process, the target material utilizing rate can be increased, and the ionization rate of sputtered particles is also greatly increased; and the diamond-like carbon coating is composed of a metal base layer, a gradientcomposite layer and a metal-doped diamond-like carbon coating, and in the deposition process of the diamond-like carbon coating, the diamond-like carbon coating in certain gradient and with stable doping proportion can be obtained by adjusting the power of the magnetron sputtering metal target. Due to the process, high energy ionized carbon ions can be obtained, and the compact and fine diamond-like carbon coating can be formed easily.