The invention discloses a method for producing propylene maximally with C5 olefin as a main raw material. The method comprises the following steps that S1, the C5 olefin raw material is injected intoa purifier for removing impurities such as oxygen-contained compounds; S2, selective hydrogenation reaction is conducted in a hydrogenation reactor, and thus a mono-olefin C5 material is obtained; S3,after being heated, the mono-olefin C5 material is delivered to a catalytic cracking reactor to be subjected to cracking reaction, and thus a cracking product containing ethylene and propylene is obtained; and S4, after cooling compression, propylene separation and purification are conducted in a de-heavy fractionator and athe rectifying tower sequentially, and thus purified high-purity propyleneand residual butane are obtained; S5, and the residual butane and materials at a fractionator kettle of the de-heavy fractionator are mixed and then delivered to the pre-reactor, selective polymerization of the olefin is conducted, and an obtained intermediate reaction product returns to the step S3 to be subjected to cracking reaction. According to the method for producing the propylene maximally with the C5 olefin as the main raw material, the yield of the propylene is 60m% or above of the raw material, meanwhile, less than 30m% of the ethylene is produced secondarily, equipment adopted bya system is simple, operability is high, investment is small, and the operation cost is low.