The invention discloses a railway wagon brake beam fatigue test bench guide sleeve clearance elimination device, which is used for eliminating clearance between the guide sleeve and a test bench baffle in the railway wagon brake beam fatigue test. The device comprises a first adjusting device and a second adjusting device which are used in a pair, wherein each of the first adjusting device and the second adjusting device comprises a pressing plate, an inner adjusting shaft and a lower adjusting block; the lower adjusting block is arranged on the inner adjusting shaft, and the two are in threaded connection; a shaft groove is arranged in the pressing plate, and the inner adjusting shaft passes through the shaft groove; and one surface, facing the guide sleeve, of the lower adjusting block is an oblique surface, and the oblique surface is fit with the outer wall of the guide sleeve. After the clearance between the baffle and the guide sleeve is eliminated, the brake beam can be prevented from being unreasonably impacted during a loading process, accuracy of a test result is ensured, and reduction of the test loading frequency can be avoided. After the clearance is eliminated, loading in the test is ensured to be carried out at a set frequency, and the test efficiency is ensured; and the tested brake beam can be ensured to be always at the correct test position, and accuracy of the test result is thus ensured.