68results about How to "Improve electricity production efficiency" patented technology

The invention discloses a microbial desalting cell (MDC) which comprises an anode chamber, a desalting chamber and a cathode chamber, wherein a negative membrane is arranged between the anode chamber and the desalting chamber; a positive membrane is arranged between the desalting chamber and the cathode chamber; an anode is arranged in the anode chamber, and an electrogenesis microbial membrane is attached to the anode; a cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber; the anode and the cathode are communicated through a wire; and a positive-negative ion exchange resin is arranged in the desalting chamber. On the basis of the configuration of the traditional MDC, the MDC provided by the invention refers to the working principle of packed bed electrodialysis, and the positive-negative ion exchange resin is added into the desalting chamber to adsorb positive and negative ions, thereby implementing desalting; and meanwhile, the desorption regeneration of the resin and the detachment of the positive and negative ions are implemented under the action of the internal electric field of the MDC, thereby reducing the internal resistance of the MDC in the aspect of effect, and enhancing the efficiency of the sewage purification, electricity generation and desalting process.

The invention discloses an anaerobic ammonia oxidation microbiological fuel cell, which consists of a constant temperature stirring system, a reaction system and a data acquisition monitoring system, wherein the constant temperature stirring system is provided with a constant temperature magnetic stirrer body and a magnetic stirring bar; the reaction system is provided with a cylindrical reactor body and a sealing cover; the lower and upper parts of the cylindrical reactor body are provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe respectively; an electricity generation matrix is arranged in the cylindrical reactor body; anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and a film-formed anode and a film-formed cathode to which the anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria is attached are immersed in the electricity generation matrix; the upper part of the sealing cover is provided with an anode wire fixing tube, a cathode wire fixing tube, a sampling tube and a reference electrode fixing tube; a seal ring is arranged between and connected by flanges with the cylindrical reactor body and the sealing cover; and the data acquisition monitoring system is provided with a load, a wire, a data acquisition device and an on-line computer. The device of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, small internal resistance, efficient and stable performance and capability of realizing synchronous wastewater denitrification and biological electricity generation.

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry and relates to a method for manufacturing an air cathode of a single-chamber microbial fuel cell. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: with carbon paper or carbon cloth as a support, mixing PVDF (Polyvinylidene Fluoride) emulsion and carbon black powder, uniformly daubing the mixture on one side of the support, drying, and sintering at high temperature to form a carbon-based layer; daubing the PVDF emulsion on the carbon-based layer, drying, and sintering at high temperature to form an air diffusion layer; and bonding Pt/C on the other side of the support by utilizing a Nafion adhesive to serve as a catalyst layer, thus preparing a novel air cathode. The sintering temperature is as high as 370 DEG C in the common operation of manufacturing the air cathode by utilizing PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) at present, the requirement on the sintering temperature of the process according to the invention is low, and the cost of the used PTFE is only 1/3 of the PTFE. According to theoretical and actual verification, the manufactured air cathode is low in manufacturing cost and is high-performance.

The invention provides a method of synchronously degrading excess sludge and treating hexavalent chromium wastewater, and relates to a method of recycling the excess sludge and treating the chromium-containing wastewater. The invention aims to solve the problem that the current treatment cost for treating excess pollutants is high by utilizing microbial fuel cells. The method comprises the steps of 1, setting up a double-cell-structure reactor; 2, adding the excess sludge and nutrient solutions into an anode chamber of the reactor, adding potassium ferricyanidecatholyte into a cathode chamber, and performing cultivation, wherein when the voltage output is greater than 0.6 V, starting is successful; 3, adding the excess sludge and the nutrient solutions to be treated into the anode chamber, adding the hexavalent chromium wastewater to be treated into the cathode chamber, and performing treatment, wherein a treatment period of the excess sludge is 40 to 50 days, the degradation rate of the excess sludge can reach 38 percent to 62 percent, a reduction period of the hexavalent chromium wastewater is 2 to 10 days, the degradation rate of hexavalent chromium can reach 66.4 percent to 93.2 percent, and the purpose of synchronously degrading the excess sludge and treating the hexavalent chromium wastewater is realized.

The invention provides a method for manufacturing a microbiological fuel cell (MFC) based on a composite nano-interface. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: preparation of an anode; and preparation of a cathode. A previously-manufactured modified electrode and a previously-manufactured platinum-doped electrode are respectively used as the anode and cathode of the MFC. The related composite nano-interface can be used as the anode of the MFC. Since the MFC is modified by a nano-material which has the advantages special surface effect, volume effect and quantum size effect, the specific area of the anode of the MFC and microbiological adhesion can be improved, thereby remarkably improving the electricity-producing efficiency of the MFC. A result proves that the electricity-producing efficiency of the MFC which is manufactured in a self-assembly mode by the manufacturing method is greatly improved.

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell electrode having a photocatalytic synergistic effect as well as a preparation method and an application of the electrode. The electrode comprises a carbon cloth supporting body, a tourmaline and reducing substance mixed powder layer and a modified photocatalytic material, wherein the tourmaline and reducing substance mixed powder layer are attached to the outer surface of the carbon cloth supporting body, and the modified photocatalytic material is attached to the surface of the tourmaline and reducing substance mixed powder layer. Microbes and a photocatalyst in the electrode have a coupling effect during degradation of wastewater; the modified photocatalyst has the visible-light response, and limitations on usage conditions of the photocatalyst are greatly reduced; tourmaline has pyroelectricity and piezoelectricity and can produce permanent weak current, the service life of hole-electron pairs produced on the surface of the photocatalytic material is prolonged under the effect of the current, and the photocatalytic efficiency is improved. Besides, tourmaline and reducing substance mixed powder can effectively ease transfer of holes-electrons or oxidized ions produced by photocatalysis to a biological membrane, and the activity of the microbes is guaranteed.

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell with double chambers for simultaneous phosphorus and nitrogen removal. The fuel cell comprises a reaction system and a data acquisition monitoring system. The reaction system comprises an anode reaction system and a cathode reaction system, wherein the anode reaction system comprises anode microorganisms, an anode electrode, an anode chamber, a sampling hole, a sample feeding hole and an electrolyte; the cathode reaction system comprises cathode microorganisms, a cathode electrode, a cathode chamber, a water feed pipe, a water outlet pipe, a constant flow pump hose, an air-blowing pump, a brown buffer bottle, an aeration head, a constant flow pump and an electrolyte. The anode electrode and the cathode electrode are tightly attached on the two sides of a proton exchange membrane. The data acquisition monitoring system comprises a static wire, a load, a lead, a data acquirer and a computer. The microbial fuel cell runs discontinuously, and is simple in structure, low in internal resistance and efficient and stable in performance; the microbial fuel cell has the effects in two aspects of capacity and water treatment, and therefore, a new method is developed for phosphorus and nitrogen removal by use of the microbial fuel cells.

The invention discloses a system and a method by utilizing a fuel cell to treat organic wastewater and synchronously repair heavy metal in soil. The system comprises a microbiological fuel cell, a data acquisition regulation and control device and a soil electrodynamic remediation device. One end of the data acquisition regulation and control device is connected with an anode unit and a cathode unit through lead wires correspondingly; the other end of the data acquisition regulation and control device is connected with a negative electron and a positive electrode through lead wires correspondingly; and the data acquisition regulation and control device is used for acquiring a voltage signal generated by the microbiological fuel cell and for regulating and controlling the magnitude of electric current received by the soil electrodynamic remediation device. By utilizing the microbiological fuel cell to treat organic wastewater, wastewater is treated, and electric energy is generated to remove the heavy metal in the soil; the system and the method do not damage a soil structure and the organic content in the soil is not affected; and at the same time, the data acquisition regulation and control device is adopted, so that the electric energy utilization efficiency of the microbiological fuel cell is improved effectively and the removal rate of the heavy metal in the soil is reduced.

The invention discloses a technique for treating fermentation wastewater by a microbial fuel cell, and relates to a technique for treating wastewater. The method comprises the steps as follows: with conductive glass, carbon cloth or a carbon felt as electrode materials, active groups, polyelectrolyte multilayer films or nanoparticles/polyelectrolyte multilayer films are respectively modified on the electrode materials by an alkaline hydrolysis method, an acid hydrolysis method and a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique; the series materials are applied to an anode of a microbial fuel cell reaction device to treat the fermentation wastewater; with sodium acetate and lotus pond sludge as substrates, a microbial fuel cell system with a relatively high electricity generating rate, relatively good chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal effects and relatively high coulombic efficiency is obtained. The microbial fuel cell system is good in process repeatability, safe and reliable; the fermentation wastewater is treated; meanwhile, a relatively high electricity generating quantity and a relatively high electricity generating rate are achieved; the problems that the traditional microbial fuel cell is low in electricity generating efficiency and low in sewage COD removal rate are effectively solved; and the technique has a good industrial application prospect.

The invention relates to a device and method for preparing a biochar-mediated solid biofilm MFC accelerator. The device comprises a microbial fuel cell unit, a heating unit and a vacuum freeze-dryingunit. An anode chamber of the microbial fuel cell unit comprises an anode chamber a region and an anode chamber b region which are separated by a filter plate, and the filter plate is provided with equally spaced sieve holes and a brushed scraper. The present invention also discloses a method for preparing the MFC accelerator by using the device. The preparation of the biochar-mediated solid biofilm MFC promoter is effectively realized, the oxygen-free operation of the preparation process is ensured, the provided preparation device has the advantages of simple and compact structure and convenient operation and plays a positive role in shortening an MFC startup time, rapidly enriching and stabilizing anode chamber microorganisms, effectively improving the sufficiency of MFC organic matter degradation and the efficiency of the conversion of chemical energy into electrical energy in an organic matter, reducing the internal resistance of a battery, and improving the efficiency of electricity generation.

The invention discloses a modified ITO electrode for improving electricity production efficiency of electricity producing bacteria and a preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: reacting the amine group on a protein shell of M13 bacteriophage with ferrocene formaldehyde for connection, and uniformly coating the surface of ITO; assembling a three-electrode reactor and conducting electrochemical parameters scanning by an electrochemical workstation; and using the modified electrode as a working electrode, Ag / AgCl as a reference electrode and platinum wire as a negative electrode. In this environment, the electron transfer efficiency and capacity of the electricity producing bacteria can be accelerated. The electrode modification method is more simple and feasible compared to gene reconstruction on electricity producing bacteria for improvement of electricity producing capability, and has good development space.

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell based on a trimethylamine oxide medium, and belongs to the field of biological fuel cells. The microbial fuel cell based on the trimethylamine oxide medium comprises a reactor, a cell positive electrode and a cell negative electrode, wherein the reactor is arranged in a shell, the cell positive electrode and the cell negative electrode are arranged outside the shell, the bottom of the cell positive electrode is connected to one end of the reactor, and the bottom of the cell negative electrode is connected to the other end of the reactor. The microbial fuel cell based on the trimethylamine oxide medium has the advantages that the electrode surface activation area is large, the electrostatic interaction between microorganisms and the electrode surfaces is enhanced, microorganism adsorption performance is improved, catalysis performance is good, and therefore the cell yield is increased and the production cost is reduced.

The invention discloses a solar-powered curtain wall roof device. The solar-powered curtain wall roof device comprises a deflection adjusting device, a support frame, solar-powered curtain wall boardsand a curtain wall spreading device, wherein the curtain wall spreading device comprises a mounting board; a transmission case is arranged on the mounting board; the transmission case is provided with two through sliding chutes; an upper pushing gear rack and a lower pushing gear rack are arranged in the two sliding chutes respectively in a slide manner; a right end of the upper pushing gear rackis fixedly connected with the solar-powered curtain wall board on a right side; the lower pushing gear rack is fixedly connected with the solar-powered curtain wall board on a left side; a transmission gear is connected between the lower pushing gear rack and the upper pushing gear rack in a meshing manner; the transmission gear is arranged in the transmission case; the transmission gear is fixedly connected with a transmission shaft; and the transmission shaft passes through a side face of the transmission case, and is in transmission connection with a spreading motor. The solar-powered curtain wall roof device is reasonable in structural design. The spreading manner of the solar-powered curtain wall boards and the projection angles of sunlight on the solar-powered curtain wall boards can be adjusted, so that the power generation efficiency of the solar-powered curtain wall boards is improved greatly.

The invention discloses a monatomic air cathode, a battery, an electrochemical system and a bioelectrochemical system and particularly relates to a cathode. The cathode comprises a current collectionlayer and a catalyst layer, wherein the catalyst layer is arranged on the current collection layer and comprises an atomic-scale disperse metal catalyst. When the atomic-scale disperse metal catalystis used for catalyzing oxygen reduction reaction in the cathode, the catalyst has the advantages of high catalytic activity, high metal utilization rate and low cost; meanwhile, when the cathode is applied to the electrochemical system, the electron utilization rate can be increased, so that the electricity generation performance of the electrochemical system is improved.

The invention discloses an alternative cathode and anode denitrification and dephosphorization microbial fuel cell which comprises a reaction system and a data acquisition and monitoring system, wherein the whole reaction system consists of two inner loop sub-reaction systems which are in the same structure and mutually independent; each sub-reaction system comprises a reaction chamber, an electrode, a water inlet pipe, a water outlet pipe, a constant flow pump hose, an air blowing pump, a buffer bottle, an aeration head, a constant flow pump, a microbe and an electrolyte; the reaction chambers of the two sub-reaction systems are separated by a proton exchange membrane; the electrodes of the two sub-reaction systems are clung to cling tothe two sides of the proton exchange membrane; the air blowing pumps of the two sub-reaction systems are alternatively opened and closed; and the data acquisition and monitoring system comprises conductive wires, a load, lead wires, a data acquisition device and a computer. In anaerobic stages of anode chambers, an anaerobic phosphorus release process of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria is completed by using an organic matter as fuel. In aeration stages of cathode chambers, denitrification, dephosphorization and electrogenesis functions are synchronously achieved by using oxygen and nitric nitrogen as electron acceptors.

The invention is suitable for the field of photovoltaic power generation and provides a method for operating and maintaining photovoltaic power generation, and the method comprises the steps: a server determines type information of data according to a data code transmitted by a photovoltaic substation, and a state of generating equipment is determined according to the type information of the data; when the state of the generating equipment is an abnormal operation state, the server transmits abnormal operation information to the photovoltaic substation through a terminal; when the state of the generating equipment is a normal operation state, the server transmits analyzed target data and the data code to the terminal, and wherein the target data is the data subjected to data analysis; and the terminal displays the target data to a user.

The present invention discloses an immune modification treatment method for an anode of a microbial fuel cell. The method is characterized in that: the anode of the microbial fuel cell is treated through the following ways: firstly modifying chemical molecule groups on the anode surface of the microbial fuel cell; adopting the chemical molecule groups to fix the colloidal gold particle-modified anti-electricigen antibody to form the anode of the immune modification treated microbial fuel cell. According to the method, the contact chance of the microbial and the anode surface is improved, and the electrical conduction efficiency between the microbial and the anode is improved.

The invention discloses a manhole cover suitable for an intelligent inspection well. The manhole cover comprises a manhole cover body, a transparent protective layer and a solar panel, wherein the manhole cover body is in a shape like the Chinese character ao, the solar panel is arranged in a groove of the manhole cover body, the transparent protective layer is in a shape like the Chinese character tu, the transparent protective layer is arranged on the open end of the groove of the manhole cover body and forms a sealed first area together with the solar panel and the groove, and the first area is filled with gas for absorbing visible light. The manhole cover suitable for the intelligent inspection well has the advantage that electric energy can be efficiently generated and can be suppliedto the intelligent inspection well.

The invention discloses a capacitive microbial desalination battery device and method applied to chemical tail water treatment, and belongs to the technical field of water resource treatment. The battery device comprises an anode chamber, a desalting chamber and a cathode chamber which are separated by an anion exchange membrane and a cation exchange membrane respectively; the anode is made of a carbon material, and the cathode is a hollow carbon fiber-carbon film capacitor electrode formed by a hollow carbon fiber-carbon film capacitor layer, a titanium-based layer, a waterproof layer and a catalyst layer which are arranged in sequence; and the anode and the cathode are connected through an external circuit. The desalination method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out internal circulation on the chemical tail water in the anode chamber, connecting the anode chamber of the battery device with the desalination chamber in series after a specific retention time, enabling the water treated by the anode chamber to enter the desalination chamber, and carrying out circular treatment to remove salts and/or COD in the desalination chamber and the anode chamber. The device and the method can integrally and efficiently remove organic matters and salts in the chemical tail water and efficiently recover salts, are stable in structure and long in service life, and can be widely applied to treatment of various chemical tail waters.

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind driven generators, and discloses a wind energy machine. The wind energy machine comprises fan blades and a center shaft, wherein the upper end of the center shaft is perpendicularly connected with two supporting rod sets, and the two supporting rod sets are perpendicular to each other and arranged in an up-and-down staggered mode; each supporting rod set comprises two supporting rods, and the two supporting rods in each supporting rod set are symmetrically arranged with the center axis as a center axis; the ends, away from the center shaft,of the four supporting rods are each movably connected with a fan blade, and the four fan blades are arranged on the same side of the corresponding supporting rods. According to the wind energy machine, the fan blades following the wind direction are blown by wind power to the maximum extent, and the rotation of the fan blades is accelerated, so that the rotation of the center shaft is accelerated, and the power generation efficiency is improved; and the fan blades against the wind direction are rapidly opened to the position parallel to the against wind, and the influence of natural wind is reduced to the maximum extent, so that the resistance is rapidly reduced, and through cooperation with the fan blades following the wind direction, the power generation efficiency is integrally improved.

The invention discloses a natural dye-sensitized solar cell apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method comprises steps of preparing dye, preparing a sizing agent, preparing photo anode, preparing an electrolyte, preparing a counter electrode by using a piece of graphite-plated conducting glass, and assembling a cell. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a natural dye-sensitized solar cell apparatus. In order to overcome defects in the dye molecule, the manufacturing process, and the structural design of the dye-sensitized solar cell in the prior art, the apparatus and the process employ the available natural dye molecule with the low cost as a sensitizer and an ultraviolet curing resin encapsulation process is developed; and the non-woven fabrics are used to manufacture a diaphragm. Therefore, the cost of the dye-sensitized solar cell is reduced substantially; the power generating efficiency is improved; and the applicability of dye sensitization is enhanced.

The invention discloses a novel fuel cell. The novel fuel cell comprises a cathode, catholyte, an anode, anolyte, microbial fuel, a cation exchange membrane, a wire and a resistor, wherein the cathode, the anode and the resistor are connected in series by wires to form a loop. The invention also discloses microbial fuel. The novel fuel cell disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the structure is simple, abundant maintenance is not needed, and the cost for building and operation is low; and the two purposes of removing pollution and generating electric energy can be simultaneously achieved.