The invention discloses a modular joint of a collaborative robot, and belongs to the technical field of robots. The modular joint of the collaborative robot comprises a joint shell, a motor, a harmonic speed reducer and a brake structure, the motor used for driving the harmonic speed reducer to rotate is installed in the joint shell, the harmonic speed reducer serves as a front cover of the jointshell to be installed at the end of the joint shell, the output end of the harmonic speed reducer is arranged in the joint shell and connected with an encoder assembly, a brake pad is installed at theoutput end of the motor, and the brake structure used for controlling the brake pad to be in a brake state or a non-brake state is installed on the encoder assembly. The modular joint of the collaborative robot is sufficient in position braking precision, sufficient in braking force, high in force feedback sensitivity, compact in structure, good in replaceability, capable of being produced on a large scale, high in cooperativity and high in safety.