The invention discloses a bidirectional ESD protection anti-latch-up device of a holosymmetric dual-grid-control-diode triggering SCR structure, and the device can be used for improving the capabilityof an IC chip in resisting ESD. The device mainly consists of a P substrate, a P epitaxial part, a first N well, a P well, a second N well, a first N+ injection region, a first P+ injection region, asecond N+ injection region, a second P+ injection region, a third N+ injection region, a third P+ injection region, a fourth N+ injection region, a first polysilicon gate, a first thin gate oxide layer covering the first polysilicon gate, a second polysilicon gate, and a second thin gate oxide layer covering the second polysilicon gate. The device has a resistance-capacitance coupling auxiliary triggering path under the action of ESD stress, does not need an additional layout area, also can make the most of the advantages of low triggering voltage of a resistance-capacitance coupling circuitand the short start time, and shortens the voltage hysteresis amplitude of the device. In addition, the device also employs the conduction characteristics of the gate control diodes, improves the potential of a parasitic well resistor of the N well, and speeds up the starting of a current releasing path of the SCR structure. Moreover, the device has two ESD current releasing paths and a holosymmetric structure, facilitates the improvement of the ESD robustness of the device, and can achieve the bidirectional protection of ESD.