The invention discloses a downstream face waterproof material with soft exterior and rigid interior as well as a preparation method and an application of the downstream face waterproof material. The waterproof material comprises a component A and a component B. The component A comprises emulsified asphalt, an acrylate emulsion, an alkali swelling thickener, a polyurethane thickener, a dispersant,a multifunctional auxiliary agent, an antifoaming agent, a bactericide, ground calcium carbonate powder, bentonite, an organosilicon water repellent, sodium silicate, a photoinitiator, a cross-linkingagent and water; and the component B comprises sulphoaluminate cement, gypsum, silica fume, mineral powder, fly ash, citric acid, magnesium fluosilicate, magnesium oxide, sodium silicate, a reinforcing component and fumed silica. The waterproof material disclosed by the invention has rapid curing and self-healing properties; the material has the advantages of strong water impermeability, high tensile strength, high bonding strength and high and low temperature resistance, solves the problems that secondary or tertiary coating and vertical surface sagging cannot be carried out on a base surface of a downstream surface in a short time, and the vertical surface coated with the coating cannot be tiled and a pipe root part cannot be used, and has a wide application range.