The invention discloses a synthesis method of 17alpha-hydroxyl progesterone, which comprises the steps of by taking 4-androstene-diketone as a starting raw material, carrying out vyanation via acetone cyanohydrin, protecting 3carbonyl by using triethyl orthoformate and ethyl alcohol, protecting 17hydroxy by using butyl vinyl ether, and carrying out hydrolysis after Grignard reaction to generate the 17alpha-hydroxyl progesterone. According to the synthesis method, the cost is reduced, the environment pollution is decreased, the reaction time is shortened, the aftertreatment process of the industrial production is simplified, the production time and cost are greatly saved, the productivity is improved and convenience is brought to the industrial implementation. Compared with the traditional process, the synthesis method has the characteristics of low raw material cost, simple and convenient method, high yield, good selectivity, mild reaction condition, small pollution and applicability to industrial production; and the method is stable and easy to realize.