The invention discloses a broken yarn detection system, and belongs to the technical field of textile equipment. The broken yarn detection system comprises a plurality of yarn detection mechanisms, acentral processing mechanism and a display terminal, the yarn detection mechanisms comprise frames and intelligent processing modules arranged on the frames, twisting disks, yarn probe components, first yarn guide rollers, cutoff devices, second yarn guide rollers and winding rollers are fixed onto the frames, the intelligent processing modules comprise first processors, storages and RS485 interfaces, a second processor and a storage are arranged in the central processing mechanism, an RS485 is arranged on the second processor, one end of the RS485 is wirelessly connected with an antenna, andthe other end of the RS485 is connected with the display terminal through an Ethernet. The broken yarn detection system is simple in structure and high in automation degree, broken yarns of single-stranded yarns can be detected in a first time, the cutoff devices are controlled to cut off the yarns in the same group, and workers are informed to timely hurry to connect the broken yarns again.