The utility model provides a variable-stiffness
magnetorheological damper with bypass holes and capable of keeping low-speed stability. The
magnetorheological damper is mainly composed of a
piston rod, a
piston head, a spring, a floating
piston, a
magnet exciting coil, a cylinder
barrel and the like. Under the action of a
magnetic field, an annular flow channel in the piston head generates a magnetorheological effect, so that the shear yield stress of
magnetorheological fluid is increased, and damping force is generated. The floating piston is not only used for compensating
volume change, but also provides resistance for the piston through the spring connected with the floating piston; the magnitude of the damping force can be changed by changing the magnitude of the current introduced into the
magnet exciting coil; and different pressures are provided for the floating piston, so that the compression amount of the spring is changed, and the rigidity of the
magnetorheological damper is changed. A bypass hole without a
magnetic field effect is formed in the piston; when the speed of the piston is low, the
magnetorheological fluid passes through the bypass hole under the
pressure difference between the left hydraulic cavity and the right hydraulic cavity, so that the output damping force is reduced, sudden changes of the damping force and rigidity under the low-speed working condition are reduced, and the working stability is improved.