The invention relates to an anchoring method of a flat cross section of a carbon fiber composite reinforcement material. The anchoring method is characterized in that the carbon fiber composite reinforcement material is locally heated and softened at a part close to the tail of an anchorage device, when the temperature of the carbon fiber composite reinforcement material is close to the solidifying temperature of the reinforcement material, the heated part is rolled to be flat by a tool, the reinforcement material is subjected to four-times rolling, the rolling is respectively carried out two times in the orthogonal direction and the vertical direction of the reinforcement material, and after cooling, the rolled part is solidified again; after the reinforcement material passes through location holes of an end plug and a sealing cover, the anchorage device is vertically placed, the end plug is moved away, and an epoxy resin mortar anchoring filler is poured into the anchorage device from the small end of the anchorage device, after the anchorage device is filled with the filler, the end plug is put at an original location, and after the anchorage device is vertically placed for one day and the epoxy resin mortar anchoring filler is solidified, the glue pouring and solidifying of the other end are carried out. The anchoring method has the advantages that the local surface of the carbon fiber composite reinforcement material can be rapidly and conveniently flattened, the contact area between the reinforcement material and the epoxy resin mortar anchoring filler is enlarged, the mechanical bite force is generated, the anchorage bonding length is reduced, and meanwhile, the reinforcement material is prevented from slipping off from the anchoring filler.