The invention provides a network-based self-adaptive control system for greenhouses of facility agriculture, which adopts a star network control structure with an upper computer in combination with a plurality of sets of lower computers, the upper computer serves as a central monitoring master station, each lower computer serves as a field control substation, and the upper computer communicates with each lower computer; the upper computer comprises a personal computer, in which configuration software and management decision-making software are installed, each lower computer comprises a human-computer interaction interface, a PLC (programmable logic controller), an execution mechanism thereof and a parameter monitoring device, the human-computer interaction interface communicates with the PLC, and the environmental information detected by the parameter monitoring device is uploaded to the PLC via an analog-to-digital conversion module and processed. The network-based self-adaptive control system is applicable to single greenhouses or multi-span greenhouses, and with information acquisition and storage, automated control, data processing and network transmission as signs, the network-based self-adaptive control system has high control precision, high stability and a simple structure, is convenient to install, can effectively improve the greenhouse management mode and increase labor productivity, and realizes the unified scheduling, configuration and management of greenhouses.