The invention relates to a plasma heating furnace for melting shrinkage of an optical fiber preform. The plasma heating furnace comprises a furnace body and a plurality of cathodes, the furnace body forms an anode, the furnace body is provided with a fusion shrinkage channel through which the optical fiber preform passes, a plurality of mounting cavities are formed in the furnace body, and the mounting cavities are communicated with the fusion shrinkage channel through plasma jet orifices; and the cathodes are arranged on the mounting cavities, working gas channels are formed between the cathodes and the mounting cavities, cathode heads of the cathodes face the plasma jet orifices, and insulating rings are arranged between the cathodes and the inner walls of the corresponding mounting cavities. The plasma heating furnace is provided with a melting shrinkage channel for the optical fiber preform to pass through, and working gas is introduced into the working gas channels to generate plasmas. A graphite piece is omitted in the furnace body, so that the situation that dust is generated through oxidation does not exist, no dust is attached to the optical fiber preform, and the quality of the optical fiber preform cannot be affected. The heating interval of the plasma flame generated by the plasma heating furnace is small, and compared with the related technical scheme, the energy is more concentrated and more energy-saving, and the efficiency is higher.