80 results about "Acetolactate Synthetase" patented technology

The invention discloses KASP marker primers for detecting simultaneous SNP mutations in Ser627Asn and Val643Met of rice ALS genes. In terms of the simultaneously generated SNP mutations in the Ser627Asn and the Val643Met of the rice ALS genes, when the phenotype of the double mutant ALS genes is labeled, the sequence of the double mutant ALS genes is a new unreported gene sequence which can primarily determine the labeled material, and then accurately determine the labeled rice material throughdouble KASP markers in the genes so as to carry out quick, highly accurate and high-throughput identification of anti-acetyl lactate synthase inhibitor herbicides of the rice. When the KASP marker primers are used for molecular marker-assisted breeding of hybrid rice varieties with herbicide resistance, the results of two pairs of KASP markers are validated mutually in order to effectively remove sterile line seedlings obtained via 'Tako' selfing by spraying herbicides.

The invention discloses a method for preservation of pure state of hybrid plants by chemical emasculation. In the method, a breed sensitive to acetolactate synthase inhibitory type herbicide is selected as female parent and a breed resistant to acetolactate synthase inhibitory type herbicide is selected as male parent, acetolactate synthase inhibitory type herbicide with activity of chemical hybridizing agent is used for processing the female parent to obtain male sterility, the male parent pollinates the female parent, the seeds of the female parent line are harvested to be cross breeds, the obtained F1 generation cross breed has herbicide resistance, after the F1 generation cross breed is planted, and acetolactate synthase inhibitory type herbicide seedling stage processing is used for removing uncrossed female parent seedling, so as to remain real cross breed. The method utilizes herbicide for preservation of pure state while realizing weeding. The invention has more advantages than common breed in the aspect of adapted breed simplified culture requirement.

The invention provides a specific PCR (polymerase chain reaction) primer pair for detecting ALS (acetolactate synthetase) inhibitor herbicide-resistant descurainia sophia. The primer pair comprises a primer pair (Seq ID No.1-2) for specific amplification of a B-ALS-1 gene of the descurainia sophia and a primer pair (Seq ID No.3-4) for specific amplification of a B-ALS-2 gene of the descurainia sophia. A PCR detection method adopting the primer pair is excellent in specificity and sensitivity, and a specificity test proves that the two ALS genes of the descurainia sophia can be amplified (figures 1 and 2). As the PCR method is simple, convenient and quick to operate, the sampling detection can be carried out in season based on nucleotide detection, and only 2-4 days are required for a process from sampling to results. The sensitivity and specificity of the method can realize quick identification of suspended ALS inhibitor herbicide-resistant descurainia sophia in the field and confirmation of mutation sites, thus the scientific control of resistant weeds in production practice is guided.

Nucleotide sequences are disclosed that may be used to impart herbicide resistance to green plants. The sources of novel herbicide resistance were originally isolated in mutant Coreopsis plants. Green plants transformed with these sequences are resistant to herbicides that normally inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS), particularly imidazolinone and sulfonylurea herbicides.

The invention discloses a paddy rice ALS (Acetolactate Synthase) mutant protein for endowing plants with resistance to herbicides. The invention further discloses a nucleic acid for coding the protein. The protein comes from a paddy rice mutant plant resisting ALS inhibitor type herbicides, and in comparison with the ALS sequence in the genome of wild paddy rice, the protein sequence of the protein is simultaneously mutated at sites Ser 627 and Gly 628 or only mutated at the site Gly 628. Plants which express the protein sequence can resist (tolerate) acetolactate synthase inhibitor type herbicides, particularly imidazolinone herbicides. The herbicide-resistant effect of the mutant mutated simultaneously at the sides Ser 627 and Gly 628 disclosed by the invention is about 30 percent higher than the herbicide-resistant capability of the mutant plant only contains mutation at the site Ser 627 or Gly 628.

The invention discloses ALS mutant type genes. The 75th nucleotide of the ALS mutant type genes in an ALS gene sequence of rice mutates from G to nucleotide C, the 339th nucleotide of the ALS mutant type genes in the ALS gene sequence of the rice mutates from A to nucleotide C, and the 710th nucleotide of the ALS mutant type genes in the ALS gene sequence mutates from C to nucleotide T. The invention further discloses application of ALS protein coded by the ALS mutant type genes in the aspect of herbicide resistance. The protein comes from a rice mutant plant resisting ALS inhibitor herbicide. Compared with the rice wild type ALS sequence, the protein sequence of the ALS mutant type genes mutates at Gln25, Gln113 and Ala237 sites. Green plants express the protein sequence, and acetolactate synthetase resistant inhibitor herbicide, particularly imidazolone and sulfonylurea herbicide, can be resisted.

The invention discloses an ALS mutant gene. The nucleotide at the 75th locus of the ALS mutant gene in an ALS gene sequence of rice is changed from G to C, the nucleotide at the 339th locus is changed from A to C, the basic group at the 1099th locus is changed from C to T, and the basic group at the 1880th locus is changed from G to A. The invention further discloses ALS protein coded by the ALS mutant gene and application of the ALS protein. The protein comes from a rice mutant plant resistant to ALS inhibitor herbicide. Compared with a wild ALS sequence of rice, the sequence of the protein is subjected to mutation at the loci of Gln25, Gln113, His367 and Ser627. It is expressed by green plants that the sequence of the protein can resist acetolactate synthetase inhibitor herbicide and particularly imidazolone and sulfonylurea herbicide.

The invention discloses a method for constructing genetic engineering strains for producing (R)-acetoin and application of the genetic engineering strains. The method includes optimizing codons of nucleotide sequences of alpha-acetolactate synthase genes, alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase genes and NADH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) oxidase genes and acquiring each gene cluster with three genes by the aid of artificial synthesis processes; inserting the gene clusters into expression vectors to obtain polycistron recombinant plasmids; introducing the polycistron recombinant plasmids into host bacteria E. coli and knocking out key genes of main byproduct synthesis paths to obtain the genetic engineering strains for producing the (R)-acetoin. The method and the application have the advantages that raw materials for the genetic engineering strains can come from wide sources and are low in cost, the strains are free of pathogenicity, oxidized form coenzymes NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+) can be effectively regenerated, the strains are high in (R)-acetoin yield and production efficiency, the maximum yield can reach 72.1 g/L, and the optical purity can reach 99% at least; the (R)-acetoin is produced by the aid of non-grain cassava flour and inexpensive nitrogen sources which are used as fermentation raw materials, and accordingly the production cost can be reduced.

The present invention provides for compositions and methods for producing sorghum crop plants that are resistant to herbicides. In particular, the present invention provides for sorghum plants, plant tissues and plant seeds that contain altered acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes and proteins that are resistant to inhibition by herbicides that normally inhibit the activity of the ALS protein.

The invention relates to a method for improving the transformation efficiency of soybean. A method for selecting transformed plant cells comprises the following steps: transforming the plant cells by using a recombinant carrier of a gene containing a target gene and a gene for encoding sulfonylurea herbicide hydrolase; carrying out screening culture on the transformed plant cells by externally applying an ALS (Acetolactate Synthetase) inhibitor, and using the gene for encoding the sulfonylurea herbicide hydrolase as a selected marker; selecting the plant cells which are not killed and/or not inhibited. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a method of adding a selective agent into an enrichment culture medium and a differential culture medium by an external application mode (in particular to dropping) in the plant transforming process is put forward for the first time, and effective concentration screening range of the selective agent is optimized, and the proportion and the transformation efficiency of positive plants obtained by an offspring are remarkably improved; meanwhile, transgenic plants obtained by transformation using the sulfonylurea herbicide hydrolase as the selected marker have the advantages of high commercial value, good resistance and genetic stability.

The invention discloses construction of a high-yield engineering strain for optically pure meso-2,3-butanediol. A construction method comprises the following steps of carrying out codon optimization on nucleotide sequences of an alpha-acetolactic acid synthetase gene, an alpha-acetolactic acid decarboxylase gene and a meso-2,3-butanediol dehydrogenase gene, afterwards, splicing to obtain a gene cluster containing the three genes, then introducing the gene cluster into an expression vector to obtain a polycistronic recombinant plasmid, and finally introducing the recombinant plasmid into a host bacterium E. coli again, so that a high-yield engineering bacterium is obtained. Synthesis raw materials used by the bacterium are wide in sources and low in costs; the strain has no pathogenicity; the strain is high in yield, high in production efficiency and good in stability, has the highest yield which can reach 91.5g/L and the optical purity which can reach 99 percent or above. The invention discloses application of the high-yield engineering strain to the production of the optically pure meso-2,3-butanediol by utilizing cheap cassava meal as a carbon source and utilizing cottonseed protein powder, soybean pulp powder, soybean cake powder or peanut protein powder as a nitrogen source at the same time. The production cost is lowered.

The invention discloses a wheat ALS (anti-lymphocyte serum) mutant type protein endowing plants with herbicide resistance, and also discloses nucleic acid for coding the protein. The protein is from a wheat mutant plant with ALS-inhibitor herbicide resistance; compared with an ALS sequence in a wild type wheat A-genome, a protein sequence mutates at an Ser630 site. The plant expressed protein sequence can be resistant to an acetolactate synthetase-inhibitor herbicide, in particular to an imidazolinone herbicide. In the wheat ALS mutant type protein, after imazameth and water at the volume ratio of 3:1,000 (9 times of using concentration is recommended) is applied to a wheat seedling with one leaf and one core, the plant can still grow and develop normally and bear fruits.

The invention discloses escherichia coli for synthesis of propane through the pathway of valine and an establishing method of the escherichia coli, and belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering. According to the escherichia coli, nine sorts of aldose reductase genes, a lactic dehydrogenase gene, a fumarate reductase gene, a formate-lyase gene and an overall transcription factor gene are eliminated. Meanwhile, overexpression of an acetolactate synthetase gene, a ketol-acid reductoisomerase gene, a DHAD gene, a 2-ketoacid decarboxylase gene and an aldehyde deformylating oxygenase gene is achieved. The invention provides the establishing method of the escherichia coli at the same time. Through overexpression of the propane synthesis pathway in an improved strain, the strain successfully achieves biosynthesis of propane.

The invention discloses a method of producing D-(-)-acetoin by in-vitro enzyme reaction, comprising the steps of (1) linking the carrier pET28a and alpha-acetolactate synthase encoding gene alsS to obtain pET28a-alsS, introducing the pET28a-alsS into Escherichia coli, fermenting, purifying, and concentrating to obtain alpha-acetolactate synthase concentrate; linking the carrier pET28a and alpha-acetolactate decarboxylase encoding gene alsD to obtain pET29a-alsD, introducing the pET29a-alsD to Escherichia coli, fermenting, purifying, and concentrating to obtain alpha-acetolactate decarboxylaseconcentrate; (2) mixing well the two concentrates, sodium pyruvate, Mg2+ and thiamine pyrophosphate, and allowing reaction to obtain the D-(-)-acetoin. The sodium pyruvate low in cost is used as a substrate to provide in-vitro efficient production of high-added-value chiral D-(-)-acetoin, and the finished D-(-)-acetoin has high purity.

The invention relates to an inhibitor compound for acetolactate synthetase AHAS, which is indoline diketone compound (I); wherein, R1 is H or CH3, R2 is O or N-OH, R3 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3, OCH3, NO2, SO3H, OCF3 or CF3, R4 is F, Cl, Br, I, CH3 or OCH3. The inhibitor compounds for acetolactate synthetase has the advantages of having herbicidal activity, having inhibiting action upon arabidopis thaliana aceto-lactic acidsynzymeas well as upon growth of rape root and being used for designing new environmentally friendly herbicide molecule.