69 results about "Co factor" patented technology

The present invention relates to novel cationic lipids, transfection agents, microparticles, nanoparticles, and short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. The invention also features compositions, and methods of use for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and / or activity in a subject or organism. Specifically, the invention relates to novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents that effectively transfect or deliver biologically active molecules, such as antibodies (e.g., monoclonal, chimeric, humanized etc.), cholesterol, hormones, antivirals, peptides, proteins, chemotherapeutics, small molecules, vitamins, co-factors, nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, enzymatic nucleic acids, antisense nucleic acids, triplex forming oligonucleotides, 2,5-A chimeras, dsRNA, allozymes, aptamers, decoys and analogs thereof, and small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules, to relevant cells and / or tissues, such as in a subject or organism. Such novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents are useful, for example, in providing compositions to prevent, inhibit, or treat diseases, conditions, or traits in a cell, subject or organism. The compositions described herein are generally referred to as formulated molecular compositions (FMC) or lipid nanoparticles (LNP).

Methods for the evolution of NADPH specific ketol-acid reductoisomerase enzymes to acquire NADH specificity are provided. Specific mutant ketol-acid reductoisomerase enzymes isolated from Pseudomonas that have undergone co-factor switching to utilize NADH are described.

The invention relates to a novel purified isozyme of an autoclavable superoxide dismutase extracted from the plant Potentilla atrosanguinea Lodd. Var. orgyrophylla, said isozyme having the following characteristics, O2- scavenging activity remains same before and after autoclaving; scavenges O2- from sub-zero temperature of -20° C. to high temperature of +80° C.; O2- scavenging activity at 25° C. for 30 days without adding any stabilizing agent such as polyols or sugars; O2- scavenging activity in the presence of saline (0.9% sodium chloride) to 61.8% of the control (without 0.9% sodium chloride), stable at 4° C. for at least 8 months; contamination free and infection free from any living micro- and / or macro-organism after autoclaving; possesses temperature optima at 0° C.; possesses a molecular weight of 33 kD under non-denaturating conditions; possesses a molecular weight of 36 kD under denaturating conditions; has clear peaks in UV range at 268 and 275 nm; has an enzyme turnover number of 19.53x104% per nmol per min at 0° C.; and requires Cu / Zn as a co-factor, method for the preparation of the purified isozyme of autoclavable superoxide dismutase and formulations containing the said autoclavable superoxide dismutase.

The present invention relates to novel cationic lipids, transfection agents, microparticles, nanoparticles, and short interfering nucleic acid (siNA) molecules. The invention also features compositions, and methods of use for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and / or activity in a subject or organism. Specifically, the invention relates to novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents that effectively transfect or deliver biologically active molecules, such as antibodies (e.g., monoclonal, chimeric, humanized etc.), cholesterol, hormones, antivirals, peptides, proteins, chemotherapeutics, small molecules, vitamins, co-factors, nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, enzymatic nucleic acids, antisense nucleic acids, triplex forming oligonucleotides, 2,5-A chimeras, dsRNA, allozymes, aptamers, decoys and analogs thereof, and small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules, to relevant cells and / or tissues, such as in a subject or organism. Such novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents are useful, for example, in providing compositions to prevent, inhibit, or treat diseases, conditions, or traits in a cell, subject or organism. The compositions described herein are generally referred to as formulated molecular compositions (FMC) or lipid nanoparticles (LNP).

The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of substances and, in some embodiments, to the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances by a hostile biophysical environment. In one aspect, various methods for the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances are disclosed. By creating a hostile biophysical environment, beneficial substances may be delivered, according to certain embodiments, through the stratum corneum of the skin into the body. Beneficial substances include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical agents, drugs, vitamins, co-factors, peptides, dietary supplements, and others. The beneficial effects disclosed include, for instance, relief of pain and inflammation, prevention and healing of ulcers of the skin, relief of headache, improved sexual function and enjoyment, growth of hair on the scalp, improving muscle size and / or function, removing body fat and / or cellulite, treating cancer, treating viral infections and others. A hostile biophysical environment may also be used in conjunction with systems and methods for increasing local blood flow, according to one set of embodiments. For example, by using a nitric oxide donor such as L-arginine, local blood flow may be increased, e.g., by transdermally delivering the nitric oxide precursor. The nitric oxide donor may be the sole cause of increased blood flow, or it may be supplemented with an adjunct such as theophylline.

The present invention relates to novel compositions and methods for potentiating the activity of biologically active molecules in conjunction with one or more delivery vehicles and one or more carrier molecules. Specifically, the invention features the use of a carrier molecule in combination with a delivery vehicle and a biologically active molecule of interest to potentiate the activity of the biologically active molecule. The carrier molecule can be biologically inert, inactive, or attenuated; or can alternately be biologically active in the same or different manner than the biologically active molecule of interest. Specifically, the invention features novel particle forming delivery agents including cationic lipids, microparticles, and nanoparticles that are useful for delivering various biologically active molecules to cells in conjunction with a carrier molecule. The invention also features compositions, and methods of use for the study, diagnosis, and treatment of traits, diseases and conditions that respond to the modulation of gene expression and / or activity in a subject or organism that are delivered intracellularly in conjunction with a carrier molecule. In various embodiments, the invention relates to novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents that effectively transfect or deliver biologically active molecules, such as antibodies (e.g., monoclonal, chimeric, humanized etc.), cholesterol, hormones, antivirals, peptides, proteins, chemotherapeutics, small molecules, vitamins, co-factors, nucleosides, nucleotides, oligonucleotides, enzymatic nucleic acids, antisense nucleic acids, triplex forming oligonucleotides, 2,5-A chimeras, allozymes, aptamers, decoys and analogs thereof, and small nucleic acid molecules, such as short interfering nucleic acid (siNA), short interfering RNA (siRNA), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), micro-RNA (miRNA), and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) molecules, to relevant cells and / or tissues, such as in a subject or organism, in conjunction with one or more carrier molecules. Such novel cationic lipids, microparticles, nanoparticles and transfection agents that are used in conjunction with one or more carrier molecules are useful, for example, in providing compositions to prevent, inhibit, or treat diseases, conditions, or traits in a cell, subject or organism.

The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of substances and, in some embodiments, to the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances by a hostile biophysical environment. In one aspect, various methods for the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances are disclosed. By creating a hostile biophysical environment, beneficial substances may be delivered, according to certain embodiments, through the stratum corneum of the skin into the body. Beneficial substances include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical agents, drugs, vitamins, co-factors, peptides, dietary supplements, and others. The beneficial effects disclosed include, for instance, relief of pain and inflammation, prevention and healing of ulcers of the skin, relief of headache, improved sexual function and enjoyment, growth of hair on the scalp, improving muscle size and / or function, removing body fat and / or cellulite, treating cancer, treating viral infections and others. A hostile biophysical environment may also be used in conjunction with systems and methods for increasing local blood flow, according to one set of embodiments. For example, by using a nitric oxide donor such as L-arginine, local blood flow may be increased, e.g., by transdermally delivering the nitric oxide precursor. The nitric oxide donor may be the sole cause of increased blood flow, or it may be supplemented with an adjunct such as theophylline.

Described herein is a method for reducing levels of the harmful metabolic waste product of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), homocysteine, and provide vitamin and other nutritional co-factors that reduce the production of homocysteine and either re-methylate homocysteine back to S-adenosylmethionine, or facilitate its conversion downstream to cystathione. The method of the invention may be achieved by administering 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate, methylcobalamin, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of betaine, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, N-acetyl-cysteine, and other cofactors.

The present invention generally relates to the transdermal delivery of substances and, in some embodiments, to the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances by a hostile biophysical environment. In one aspect, various methods for the transdermal delivery of beneficial substances are disclosed. By creating a hostile biophysical environment, beneficial substances may be delivered, according to certain embodiments, through the stratum corneum of the skin into the body. Beneficial substances include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutical agents, drugs, vitamins, co-factors, peptides, dietary supplements, and others. The beneficial effects disclosed include, for instance, relief of pain and inflammation, prevention and healing of ulcers of the skin, relief of headache, improved sexual function and enjoyment, growth of hair on the scalp, improving muscle size and / or function, removing body fat and / or cellulite, treating cancer, treating viral infections and others. A hostile biophysical environment may also be used in conjunction with systems and methods for increasing local blood flow, according to one set of embodiments. For example, by using a nitric oxide donor such as L-arginine, local blood flow may be increased, e.g., by transdermally delivering the nitric oxide precursor. The nitric oxide donor may be the sole cause of increased blood flow, or it may be supplemented with an adjunct such as theophylline.

Compositions for and method of degrading organic chemicals in soil. The composition is a nutrient medium serving as a substrate for micro-organisms in the soil, preferably containing a major proportion of a source of carbon skeleton and energy, a macronutrient component preferably including nitrogen and other macronutrients, and a micronutrient component, preferably also a complexing agent and a vitamin / co-factor component. This nutrient material is added to soil, e.g. soil contaminated by a pesticide, to cause proliferation of micro-organisms which are effective, or which develop effectiveness to degrade the organic chemicals. Preferably the micro-organisms are those naturally present in the soil but useful micro- organisms may be added with the nutrient medium.

A nucleic acid molecule is provided which is initially catalytically inactive but which can complex with a specific co-factor, e.g., a nucleic acid molecule or a non-nucleic acid molecule, to form a catalytically active nucleic acid molecule. The catalytically active nucleic acid molecule can be used to detect the presence of a non-nucleic acid co-factor or of a nucleic acid co-factor using the nucleic acid sequence of the present invention.

The present invention relates to methods and compositions having trehalose and DNA polymerase for facilitating the rapid and efficient amplification of nucleic acid molecules and the detection and quantitation of RNA molecules, and for increasing the detection sensitivity and reliability through generation of secure cDNA molecules prior to gene-specific primer dependent amplification. The reagent mixture comprises a ready to use reagent solution, wherein the solution comprises: (a) trehalose in a concentration between about 5% and about 35%; (b) a viral reverse transcriptase; and (c) at least one DNA polymerases, in a buffer suitable for use in a reverse transcription reaction, wherein the buffer comprises a co-factor metal ion and nucleoside triphosphates.

The present invention relates to methods for the identification of compounds that increase or decrease the inhibitory effect of TFPI on tissue factor activity and / or Factor Xa activity and / or thrombin formation. The invention also relates to methods for the identification of compounds that increase or decrease the co-factor activity of Protein S in TFPI-mediated inhibition of tissue factor and / or Factor Xa activity. This invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compounds identifiable by such methods. The invention also relates to methods for the regulation of tissue factor activity by influencing the interaction between Protein S and Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor.

The invention provides a method for modifying the surface of a solid material (e.g. a polymeric matrix). The method is versatile and can be used to prepare polymeric matrices having altered, improved, or specifically engineered properties. Additionally, the method can be used to prepare polymeric matrices that have reactive groups that can be used to immobilize upon the matrices a variety of other “ligand” groups, e.g. a bio-selective affinity group, a chromophore, a dye, an amphiphile, a chiral group, a peptide, a protein, an antibody, an amino acid, an ion exchange group, a detectable group, a carbohydrate, a nucleic acid, a catalyst, a substrate for enzyme binding thereto, an enzyme inhibitor or enzyme co-factor for enzyme binding, or the like.

Compositions and methods for forming titanium-containing thin films are provided. The compositions comprise at least one precursor selected from the group consisting of (methylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NMe2)3, (ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NMe2)3, (isopropylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NMe2)3, (methylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NEt2)3, (methylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NMeEt)3, (ethylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(NMeEt)3 and (methylcyclopentadienyl)Ti(OMe)3; and at least one liquification co-factor other than the at least one precursor; wherein the at least one liquification co-factor is present in amount sufficient to co-act with the at least one precursor, and in combination with the at least one precursor, forms a liquid composition.

Methods and apparatuses for approximate functional matching are described including identifying functionally similar subsets of an integrated circuit design or software program, distinguishing control inputs of the subsets from data inputs, and assigning combinations of logic values to the input control signals to capture co-factors for functional matching.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological catalyst, and particularly relates to a mycobacteria genetically engineered bacterium with cofactor regeneration function and its applicationin fermentation of two liquid phases. Through a NADH oxidizing system in the cell, the genetically engineered bacterium for transforming plant sterol biology is structured and transformed for the NADH oxidizing system in the cell, thus the problem of low transforming efficiency of androstenedione in the oil water two-liquid-phase fermenting system is solved; the genetically engineered bacterium also provides possibility for the wide application of the oil water two-liquid-phase fermenting system in industrial production of the androstenedione. The genetically engineered bacterium MNR M3N2 structured by the invention can improve the AD (D) output by 1.4-2.9 times during the preparation process of androstenedione by degrading the phytosterol through the oil water two-liquid-phase fermentingsystem fermenting method.

In agriculture when temperature and moisture deviate from the norm two things happen, plant growth suffers and disease flourishes. The Stoller model for plant growth states that proper hormone balance is necessary for optimum growth and performance. When growth conditions deviate from the norm, hormone balance is altered and plant growth suffers. This invention presents evidence to support this model and explain the relationship between hormone levels and plant growth. A clear understanding of this relationship will facilitate crop treatments aimed to eliminate these problems. Although we cannot control the climate, we can control the damage caused by environmental stresses by manipulating the levels and / or ratio of plant hormones in the different plant tissues. By adjusting the levels and / or ratios of hormones, particularly auxin and cytokinins in the root tissue, we can assist the plant in overcoming or compensating for this environmental stress.

A reagent composition containing GDH-PQQ as an enzyme-co-factor and screen-printed on working and counter electrodes of electrochemical biosensors, maintains activity of the enzyme reagents by proper selection of components. A preferred composition includes hydrophilic polymers, amorphous untreated silica, buffers, surfactants, and a mediator For example, the biosensor is useful in the amperometric determination of glucose.

The present invention relates to the reduction or attenuation a specific composition has on immunological tissue-destructive conditions associated with specific autoimmune diseases. The composition includes a long chain primary aliphatic alcohol, and one or more of three cofactors: a D Vitamin, a B12 Vitamin, a coenzyme Q, and an omega-3 fatty acid. The composition functions coordinately to modify multiple autoimmune disease risk factors and symptoms associated with the autoimmune disease. The compounds work in a synergistic manner to attenuate tissue-destructive inflammation.

Bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) have emerged as a class of promising anti-cancer and anti-infection biological drugs. They are capable of killing target cells, either cancer cells or microbe-infected cells, at levels of nanograms per milliliter serum in vivo, about 1e+5 folds more powerful than regular antibodies. To bypass the problems of high cost in production and inconvenience in administration, a logical solution is to use gene therapy vectors to produce them in vivo. In a series of preclinical studies, we have demonstrated that DNA MiniCircle was able to express far above therapeutic levels of bsAB persistently both in the presence as well as the absence of transfection co-factors. As a specific and intended improvement of the claimed invention, an enhanced form of bispecific antibodies incorporating a target cell-effector cell bridging device (BTEC) is additionally disclosed.

The invention discloses a single cell factory capable of efficiently synthesizing L-phenylglycine as well as construction and application of the single cell factory and belongs to the technical fieldof microorganisms. Firstly, efficient expression of leucine dehydrogenase obtained from Bacillus cereus in escherichia coli is realized, and site-directed mutation is carried out to obtain a mutant N71S with a remarkably improved reduction property; a mutant enzyme and a formate dehydrogenase mutant are co-expressed in the escherichia coli to form an intracellular in-situ co-factor NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) circulating system; the expression amount of the formate dehydrogenase mutant is optimized and controlled through a promoter and an RBS (Ribosomal Binding Site) sequence to successfully construct a recombinant escherichia coli single cell factory; the single cell factory is subjected to whole-cell conversion to prepare the L-phenylglycine. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple and rapid conversion process, low cost, no byproduct and easiness for separation and purification; when conversion is carried out in a 5L fermentation tank for 4h, the yield of the L-phenylglycine can reach 105.7g / l, the conversion rate is 93.3 percent and the space-time yield of the L-phenylglycine is 26.3g / L; an actually practical and effective strategy is provided for industrial production of the L-phenylglycine.

Described herein is a method for reducing levels of the harmful metabolic waste product of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), homocysteine, and provide vitamin and other nutritional co-factors that reduce the production of homocysteine and either re-methylate homocysteine back to S-adenosylmethionine, or facilitate its conversion downstream to cystathione. The method of the invention may be achieved by administering 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate, methylcobalamin, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of betaine, pyridoxal-5-phosphate, N-acetyl-cysteine, and other cofactors.

The present invention relates to variants of factor IX (F.IX) or activated factor IX (F.IXa), wherein the variant is characterized in that it has clotting activity in absence of its cofactor. The present invention furthermore relates to variants of factor IX (F.IX) or activated factor IX (F.IXa), wherein the variant is characterized in that it has increased F.IX clotting activity compared to wildtype. The present invention furthermore relates to the use of these variants for the treatment and / or prophylaxis of bleeding disorders, in particular hemophilia A and / or hemophilia B or hemophilia caused or complicated by inhibitory antibodies to F.VIII. The present invention also relates to further variants of factor IX (F.IX) which have desired properties and can, thus be tailored for respective specific therapeutic applications.

Methods and apparatuses for approximate functional matching are described including identifying functionally similar subsets of an integrated circuit design or software program, distinguishing control inputs of the subsets from data inputs, and assigning combinations of logic values to the input control signals to capture co-factors for functional matching.

The invention provides methods of increasing the production of fermentation products by increasing flux through a fermentation pathway by optimising enzymatic reactions. In particular, the invention relates to identifying enzymes and / or co-factors involved in metabolic bottlenecks in fermentation pathways, and fermenting a CO-comprising substrate with a recombinant carboxydotrophic Clostridia microorganism adapted to exhibit increased activity of the one or more of said enzymes, or increased availability of the one or more of said co-factors, when compared to a parental microorganism.

The invention relates to a process for the production of a vaccine against bacterial pathogens which produce an AB toxin, like Clostridium, comprising (a) culturing the pathogen under conditions where the AB toxin is produced, and harvesting the culture (b) cleaving the AB toxin enzymatically in vitro, preferably using inositol hexaphosphate as a co-factor, and (c) combining the composition of step (b) with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

A method with adjuvant factor to regulate the carbon metabolism to accomplish the overdose accumulation of alpha-ketoglutarate (alpha-KG) is provided, which belongs to the technical field of fermentation process optimized by the strategy of adjuvant factor regulation. The invention adopts the method of adjuvant factors including vitamins and metal ions, etc. which are added into the fermentation process with the sub-proper amount, and then the pathway flux of PDH and PC are increased selectively to accomplish the overdose accumulation of alpha-KG. During the process of the production of alpha-KG through fermentation of T.glabrata, the concentration of vitamin B1 is raised to increase the accumulated alpha-KG to 10.3g / L; then the biotin concentration is raised to increase the accumulated alpha-KG to 43.7g / L, and the concentration of pyruvic acid is decreased to 21.8g / L. The strategy also has the significance to guide the production of the other fermented products.