46 results about "Destructive sampling" patented technology

The invention relates to a method and a device for measuring a refractive index of a broadband differential confocal infrared lens element and belongs to the technical field of precise optical measurement. The method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: generating a specified wavelength lighting point light source through a wavelength gating system by adopting a blackbody source; performing tomographic focus fixing on vertexes of the front and rear surfaces of a measured lens by utilizing a differential confocal light path, and measuring to obtain the optical thickness of the measured lens; and calculating to obtain the refractive index of the lens element by a ray tracing algorithm, thereby realizing high-precision non-contact measurement of the refractive index of the infrared lens element in a visible-to-infrared broadband range under any wavelength condition. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the measured lens does not need to be subjected to destructive sampling, nondestructive direct measurement of the refractive index of the infrared lens element in the visible-to-infrared range under any wavelength condition is realized for the first time, and the method has the advantages of being convenient in measurement process, high in measurement accuracy and high in environmental disturbance resistance and can provide a brand new effective technical approach for detecting the refractive index of the lens element.

The invention relates to a verification method for indirect measurement of a ground leaf area index (LAI). The method includes the steps that a virtual plant geometric model base and a virtual vegetation scene base are set up; an observation scheme is designed, simulation implementation is carried out in a virtual vegetation scene according to the principles of all indirect measurement methods of the ground LAI and the observation scheme to form a simulation database; the sum total of the area of xylon parts and the area of triangular patches of leaves in the scene is counted to obtain true values of the LAI, the WAI, the PAI, the parameter of the xylon total area ratio, base components of canopies and the xylon component aggregation index; simulation results of all the measurement methods of the LAT are calculated, the true values of the scene are taken as the simulation calculation results to verify reference values, and the existing indirect measurement methods of the ground LAI are improved, realized in the virtual vegetation scene base and repeatedly circulated to obtain the final existing indirect measurement method of the ground LAI. The verification method does not need to destructively sample vegetation, manpower and material resource investments are small, and verification efficiency, precision and expandability are improved substantially.

The invention discloses a micromagnetic nondestructive testing method for the hardness of the bottom of a screw tooth, belonging to the field of nondestructive testing. The two pole pieces of the electromagnet using the micro-magnetic probe are attached to the two adjacent tooth tops of the lead screw to form an excitation circuit. The electromagnet is driven by a sine wave signal with a gradually increasing amplitude and a different frequency to gradually control the tooth bottom. Strong periodic magnetization, the detection coil in contact with the surface of the tooth bottom receives the Barkhausen noise signal during the periodic magnetization. Extract the characteristic parameters (including peak value, half-height width, and root mean square), and obtain the curve of the characteristic parameters changing with the amplitude of the scanning sine wave, and finally use the characteristic parameters of the Barkhausen noise signal at different frequencies and the amplitude of the scanning sine wave and The slope of its change curve characterizes the hardness. During continuous testing, the micro-magnetic probe travels with the rotating screw to complete the hardness testing of the tooth bottom of the entire screw. The method realizes the rapid non-destructive testing of the hardness of the tooth bottom of the ball screw, and overcomes the deficiency that the traditional hardness testing method can only perform the testing of the destructive sampling pattern.

The invention relates to a broadband confocal method and device to measure refractive index of an infrared lens element and belongs to the technical field of optical precision measurement. A black light source is used herein to generate a lighting point source of specific wavelength through a wavelength gating system, a confocal light path is used to perform chromatographic focus fixation on apexes of front and rear surfaces of a lens under measurement, optical thickness of the lens under measurement is acquired by measuring, element refractive index of the lens is acquired by calculating through a ray tracking algorithm, and high-precision noncontact measurement of element refractive index of an infrared lens under any wavelength in a wide band range of from visible light to infrared is achieved. The method and device of the invention have the advantages that destructive sampling on a lens under measurement is not required, nondestructive direct measurement of element refractive indexof the lens under any wavelength from visible light to infrared is achieved, the measuring process is convenient, measurement precision is high, the ability to resist ambient interferences is great,and a brand-new effective technical means to detect the element refractive index of the lens is provided.

The invention discloses a transmission spectrum non-destructive quantitative evaluation method of apple watercore, and belongs to the technical field of rapid evaluation of food quality. The transmission spectrum non-destructive quantitative evaluation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: non-destructively obtaining entire optical information in an apple by using an near-infrared transmission spectrum collection system, collecting an image of a equatorial profile of the apple by using a camera, dividing the image by using an encirclement and suppression algorithm, calculating a watercore area and a sectional area of the apple, using the ratio of the area of a watercore section on a cross section to the area of the entire section as a quantitative prediction index, establishing a transmission spectrum non-destructive quantitative evaluation model of the apple watercore by using a multielement correction method after preprocessing an obtained near-infrared transmission spectrum, so as to achieve the non-destructive quantitative prediction of the apple watercore. According to the transmission spectrum non-destructive quantitative evaluation method disclosedby the invention, the degree of the apple watercore is quantitatively predicted by using the transmission spectrum technology, thereby avoiding the disadvantages of destructive sampling of a sectionvisualization method, and solving the technical problems of low recognition rate and blurred boundary of the watercore.

The invention particularly relates to a method for grade wheat scab disease, which comprises that follow steps: (A) acquiring an original image; B) carrying out grayscale processing, binarization processing, and opening and closing operation on that original image in turn, and obtaining a binary image; (c) combining that original image and the binary image; (D) Convertting to Lab color space, using IABC-K-PCNN method to process the a-channel gray scale image to obtain binary single-spike scab lesion pattern. (e) calculating a single ear area S1 and a lesion area S2, and then calculating a ratio R of that single ear area S1 and the lesion area S2; (F) according to the national standard, the ratio R, grading the disease of the single ear and outputting the disease grade; A grading device isalso disclosed. The disease grade grading method provided by the invention is tested by a large number of samples and is not destructive in sampling in field investigation of wheat scab, and has the advantages of reliable grading accuracy and high popularization value.

The invention relates to a crop nitrogen demand real-time acquisition method. For the problems of large workload and relatively poor timeliness due to the fact that crops need to be subjected to destructive sampling analysis in a traditional crop nitrogen demand calculation method, a model between a crop nitrogen demand and a crop nitrogen nutrition index is built, and the complex crop nitrogen demand calculation is converted into the crop nitrogen nutrition index acquisition, so that the timeliness of crop nitrogen nutrition diagnosis is greatly improved; the design model not only has relatively high precision but also considers the growth period difference of the crops and the utilization ratio difference of nitrogen fertilizers in different planting regions, thereby having relatively high universality; and the building of the model can provide guidance for precise nitrogen fertilizer management of the crops, and has important practical significance for nitrogen fertilizer reductionand agricultural sustainable development.

The invention discloses an in-situ material detection device and method of in-service equipment. Based on a vortex induction principle, a uniquely-designed material rigidity in-situ detection device of the in-service equipment comprises a probe, a pressure sensor, a vortex detection probe, a vortex detector, a metal induction block, a driving and pressurizing device, a bracket and a fixed chain. For the in-service equipment, the equipment is subjected to in-situ and micro-loss material rigidity detection without the need of destructive sampling, and the detection efficiency is greatly improved.

The invention relates to a method for detecting the quantity of nitrogen fixed by soybean root nodules, which relates to a method for detecting the quantity of the nitrogen fixed by root nodules and solves the problem of low accuracy of the conventional method for detecting the nitrogen fixed by the soybean root nodules. The method comprises the following steps of: determining the variety of detected soybeans and the variety of homologous near-allele non-nodulating soybeans; soaking seeds of the detected soybeans and the homologous near-allele non-nodulating soybeans in aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and then sowing the seeds in culture pots respectively, wherein three strains are planted in each pot and cultured under the same growth condition; performing destructive sampling on the strains at the maturation stage; detecting the total nitrogen quantity of the detected soybeans and the homologous near-allele non-nodulating soybeans respectively; and subtracting the total nitrogen quantity of the homologous near-allele non-nodulating soybeans from that of the detected soybeans to obtain the quantity of the nitrogen fixed by root nodules of the detected soybeans. The method has the detection accuracy of over 90 percent and can be used for detecting the quantity of the nitrogen fixed by the root nodules of leguminous crops.

The invention relates to the technical field of plants and concretely relates to method and apparatus for detecting plant nitrogen content and an electronic device. The method detecting plant nitrogen content comprises steps of extracting a three-primary color proportion value of each pixel in a to-be-analyzed image, adding green proportion values of the three-primary color proportion values of a plurality of pixels to achieve a green proportion value total, and achieving a corresponding nitrogen content corresponding to the green proportion value total according to the green proportion value total through a preset mathematic model, and further analyzing the plant image to achieve a nitrogen content condition of the plant. Destructive sampling to the plant can be achieved; and the method is high efficient and quick.

The invention relates to a method for repairing diesel oil polluted soil by fringed iris herbs. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the fringed iris herbs are planted into the diesel oil polluted soil to grow for about 104 days, one time of destructive sampling is carried out on the fringed iris herbs in a mature period, and the fringed iris herbs are properly treated, so that the degradation rate of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in the soil can be determined. When the fringed iris herbs are compared with a blank control, the degradation rate increases by 11-25 times, so that the fringed iris herbs have an excellent capability of removing diesel oil pollutants. The method disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of no damage to physical and chemical properties of the soil, no secondary pollution, simple technology, convenience in operation, low cost, high tolerance to the diesel oil polluted soil, high TPH degradation rate and the like; more importantly, the fringed iris herbs are flowers which are beautiful and have high ornamental values, so that not only the environment can be beautified, but also the fringed iris herbs have economic and ecological benefits; and therefore, the method is applicable to repair of the large-area diesel oil polluted soil and environment beautifying.

The invention relates to a method for losslessly evaluating ozone sensitivity of a plant through leaves, belongs to the field of atmospheric pollution biological monitoring, and the method can be applied to lossless and continuous determination of injury symptoms of ozone sensitive plants such as soybeans, poplar trees, silver birches, tilia amurensis and quercus liaotungensis. The method comprises the following steps: classifying damage types according to a leaf surface image, then segmenting the leaf surface image, extracting and analyzing characteristics such as symptom shape and area size, establishing an extraction method based on an ISODATA algorithm in a Lab color mode, obtaining a spot rate, and then performing damage degree grading (figure 1). The method has the advantages that compared with an existing naked eye observation or destructive sampling method, the method can analyze the damaged area and proportion of the leaf surface without damage, continuous monitoring and accurate grading are achieved, the problem that the damage degree cannot be quantitatively compared due to the fact that ozone damage symptoms of different plants are different can be solved, the plant ozone damage can be simply and directly judged, and the method has the advantages of rapidness, no damage, continuous observation and the like.

The invention belongs to the field of an evaluation technology of environmental pollution treatment, and relates to a leaching and residual risk evaluation technology of chelate-induced phytoremediation in heavy-metal contaminated soil. The technology provided by the invention is characterized by overlapping two pots up and down to simulate the soil at different depths, planting plants and analyzing the soil sample to precisely and conveniently evaluate a residual effect caused by using a chelating agent and the leaching risk on the soil on the lower layer. The design provided by the invention is capable of overcoming shortcomings of destructive sampling of traditional soil column experiments, conveniently simulating the soil on the deep layer to plant the plants and perform sample analysis. The invention provides a direct and reliable evaluation method for evaluating the residual effect of the chelating agent and the leaching risk in the chelate-induced phytoremediation process.

The invention provides a visual research method for interaction of soil microbial diversity and plant stress, and belongs to the technical field of microorganisms, the method comprises the following steps: sterilizing original habitat soil, respectively mixing original habitat soil gradient diluents with sterile soil, and culturing in darkness to obtain a microbial diversity gradient soil planting plate; through the modes of direct sowing, stress treatment after direct sowing and the like, the function of soil microbial diversity in plant stress is determined under the condition of the same microbial quantity, and regulation and control of the microbial diversity on plant growth under the stress are accurately reflected. The research method disclosed by the invention is short in time consumption, only needs 45-60 days, can be used for visually observing the response of the root system to the microbial diversity under the adverse situation in situ, does not need destructive sampling observation, and is simpler, more convenient and quicker to operate.

There is provided a method of sampling an aliquot of blood products from a main container containing the blood products to be sampled. The method includes providing a sample container that is rectangular-shaped and has a length-over−width (L/W) ratio of at least that of the main container, and fluidly connecting the a sample container to the main container, transferring the aliquot of the blood products from the main container to the sample container, and forming an air bubble in the sample container by introducing a volume of air into the sample container with the aliquot of the blood products. The volume of air forming the air bubble corresponds to at least about 5% of a volume of the aliquot of the blood products. A sampling bag and a sampling system are disclosed.