77 results about "Electron paramagnetic resonance" patented technology

Electric characteristics of a semiconductor device using an oxide semiconductor are improved. Further, a highly reliable semiconductor device in which a variation in electric characteristics with time or a variation in electric characteristics due to a gate BT stress test with light irradiation is small is manufactured. A transistor includes a gate electrode, an oxide semiconductor film overlapping with part of the gate electrode with a gate insulating film therebetween, and a pair of electrodes in contact with the oxide semiconductor film. The gate insulating film is an insulating film whose film density is higher than or equal to 2.26 g/cm³ and lower than or equal to 2.63 g/cm³ and whose spin density of a signal with a g value of 2.001 is 2×10¹⁵ spins/cm³ or less in electron spin resonance.

A miniaturized instrument and method of using electron spin resonance spectrometry for measuring the degradation of lubricating fluids, and the like, that includes continuously passing a sample of such fluid through a resonating RF microwave cavity resonator during the application therethrough of a uniform slowly varying uniform magnetic field that is rapidly modulated and measuring the resulting phase modulation or amplitude modulation thereof to derive an electron spin resonance signal that directly senses the molecular changes in the fluid sample resulting from fluid degradation during operation of the vehicle, such as peroxy radicals in vehicle engine oil and the like.

To provide the stabilization method, in which unstable groups of melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer having unstable groups can be stabilized rapidly and effectively, and even if the obtained stabilized polymer is melt-molded, an obtained molded article is free from bubbles and cavity and no coloration arises. The method of stabilizing a fluorine-containing polymer by melt-kneading a melt-processable fluorine-containing polymer having unstable groups in a kneader having a stabilization treatment zone which satisfies the following conditions:(1) an oxygen-containing gas is present in the stabilization treatment zone,(2) water is present in the stabilization treatment zone, and(3) an absolute pressure in the stabilization treatment zone is adjusted to a pressure of 0.2 MPa or more or (a) an oxygen-containing gas is present in the stabilization treatment zone in a sufficient amount that the fluorine-containing polymer after the stabilization treatment has the number of carbon radical spins measured by an electron spin resonance absorption analysis at a temperature of 77 K of not more than 5x1013 spin/g, and (b) water is present in the stabilization treatment zone.

The invention discloses an extracting method and purifying method of melanin from almond peel, which comprises the following steps: adopting almond peel as raw material; extracting through alkaline solution; hydrolyzing impurity through acid; purifying through reciprocal organic solvent washing and alkaline dissolving to sediment; freezing; defreezing; washing through deionized water to remove Cl-; drying in the vacuum; obtaining the product.

A method of and miniaturized apparatus adapted for in-situ measurement of degradation of automotive fluids and the like by micro-electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrometry, wherein the use of a modulated constant magnetic field in an RF resonating variable frequency microwave cavity resonator through which a fluid sample is passed, enables direct detection of molecular changes in such fluid sample resulting from fluid degradation during use.

The invention relates to an exciton-plasmon coupling system, a construction method thereof and a method for enhancing photosensitizer singlet oxygen generation by the coupling system. The exciton-plasmon coupling system is of a core-shell structure formed by adsorbing photosensitizer exciton and plasmon nano-particles, and the LSPR (localized surface plasmon resonance) absorption peak of the plasmon nano-particles covers the exciton absorption peak of photosensitizer in a visible region. The method includes the step of selecting the peak position and the concentration of the plasmon nano-particles, the type and the concentration of electrified substances and the peak position and the concentration of the photosensitizer to form the stable coupling system. The singlet oxygen yield of products is measured by an electron spin resonance technique, the coupling effect as a main factor for enhancing photosensitizer singlet oxygen yield is determined by measuring Raman spectra, and results show that the exciton-plasmon coupling system has higher singlet oxygen yield as compared with an uncoupling system.

ESR imaging probe, system, and method are described. The probe is an ex-situ probe, the system comprises the probe and configured for operating the probe, and the method comprises detecting ESR from outside a resonator of the probe. An exemplary embodiment of a probe according to the invention comprises a cooled dielectric resonator, and one sided gradient coils. An exemplary embodiment of the system comprises source current that is configured to supply to the gradient coils currents of up to 100 A in pulses shorter than 1 μsec.

A graphite material for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary cell is capable of suppressing capacity degradation caused by the repetition of charging and discharging cycles, storage in a charged state, floating charging and the like. A graphite material for a negative electrode of a lithium ion secondary cell, in which Lc (112), which is a crystallite size in a c-axis direction calculated from a (112) diffraction line measured using powder X-ray diffraction method, is within 4.0 nm to 30 nm, a carbon-derived spectrum appearing in electron spin resonance spectroscopy, which is measured using an X band, is in a range of 3200 gauss (G) to 3400 gauss (G), a relative signal intensity ratio (I_4.8K/I_40K) of the signal intensity (I_4.8K) of the spectrum measured at a temperature of 4.8 K to the signal intensity (I_40K) of the spectrum measured at a temperature of 40 K is within 1.5 to 3.0, and ΔHpp, which is a line width of the spectrum calculated from a primary derivative spectrum of the temperature of 4.8 K, is within 20 gauss (G) to 40 gauss (G).

Provided are a light-emitting element capable of reducing power consumption by increasing its light extraction efficiency and a light-emitting device using the light-emitting element. A light-emitting element includes a composite material, which contains an organic compound having a high hole-transport property and an electron acceptor and in which the spin density measured by an electron spin resonance (ESR) method is less than or equal to 1×10¹⁹ spins/cm³, the spin density is less than or equal to 3×10¹⁹ spins/cm³ when the molar ratio of the electron acceptor to the organic compound is greater than or equal to 1, or the spin density is less than or equal to 5×10¹⁹ spins/cm³ when the molar ratio is greater than or equal to 2.

Provided is a polysiloxane composition having radical-crosslinkable groups, the composition, when allowed to stand for 24 hours in the air at 24 C and ordinary pressure while being shielded from the light having any wavelength not longer than 400 nm and thereafter examined with an electron spin resonance (ESR) device, having a peak at a value of g of 2.034-1.984, and the composition containing radicals in an amount of 0.110-6 to 12010-6 mol per g of the solid components of the composition.

A semiconductor ceramic contains a donor element solid-solved in crystal grains of a SrTiO₃-based compound, and an acceptor element in a grain boundary layer. The number of tetravalent acceptor elements is 1×10¹⁷/g or more, as determined from an electron spin resonance absorption spectrum. A mixture of a calcined powder and an acceptor compound is pulverized to a specific surface area of 5.0 to 7.5 m²/g before mixing with a binder. Semiconductor ceramic layers having a varistor function are formed by using the semiconductor ceramic forming a highly reliable capacitor which can suppress characteristics variations to stably obtain good electrical characteristics.

The invention relates to a definition method for the forming time of a ductile shear zone and in particular relates to a definition method for measuring the age of new alpha quartz in a mylonite substrate by an electron spin resonance method to define the forming time of the ductile shear zone. The method comprises the steps of (1) sample collection; (2) sample preparation; (3) sample measurement: measuring a balance uranium mole value and thermal activation ESR (electron spin resonance) spectrum amplitude; (4) calculating the forming time of the ductile shear zone. The method disclosed by the invention is simple and effective and has the advantages that test samples are readily available, the test cost is low and the like; the problems of long test period, high test cost and the like of the conventional definition method can be solved.

Hydrogen concentration and oxygen vacancies in an oxide semiconductor film are reduced. Reliability of a semiconductor device which includes a transistor using an oxide semiconductor film is improved. One embodiment of the present invention is a semiconductor device which includes a base insulating film; an oxide semiconductor film formed over the base insulating film; a gate insulating film formed over the oxide semiconductor film; and a gate electrode overlapping with the oxide semiconductor film with the gate insulating film provided therebetween. The base insulating film shows a signal at a g value of 2.01 by electron spin resonance. The oxide semiconductor film does not show a signal at a g value of 1.93 by electron spin resonance.