59 results about "Empirical relationship" patented technology

A pulmonary ventilation system comprising means for storing an empirical relationship that is designed and adapted to determine at least one pulmonary ventilation parameter as a function of a plurality of measured anatomical distances and volume-motion coefficients, means for acquiring the anatomical distances, means for determining the plurality of motion coefficients, and processing means for determining the ventilation parameter based on the acquired anatomical distances and determined plurality of volume-motion coefficients. In one embodiment, the system further includes means for acquiring base-line ventilation characteristics and means for correlating the base-line ventilation characteristics to the ventilation parameter determined with the empirical relationship.

The invention discloses a shale gas multi-stage fracturing horizontal well post-fracturing crack parameter evaluation method and system. The method comprises the following steps: 1) aiming at a targetshale gas field, collecting static geological parameters, dynamic data and pipe column parameters of a plurality of shale gas multi-stage fractured horizontal wells; 2) obtaining values of fracturingtransformation stratum coefficients of the plurality of wells; 3) obtaining a dynamic total reserve value of each well; 4) establishing an empirical relationship between the fracturing transformationstratum coefficient and the total geological reserve of the volume fracturing transformation area according to data obtained in the steps 2 and 3; 5) obtaining the total geological reserve of the volume fracturing reconstruction area; 6) calculating the half length of the effective support hydraulic fracture; and 7) performing gas well production history fitting and/or shut-in pressure recovery well test chart fitting based on the crack half-length constraint to obtain a fracturing transformation parameter evaluation result. According to the method, the problem of high historical fitting multiplicity can be solved, a more reliable fracturing transformation parameter interpretation result is obtained, and a basis is provided for predicting the gas well productivity and making a reasonabledevelopment technical policy in the next step.

The invention discloses a distributed optical fiber testing method for porous medium structure seepage. The method comprises the steps of: (1) constructing a porous medium structure model groove; (2) forming a uniform and steady seepage field; (3) conducting temperature monitoring on the target optical fiber embedded in the model groove; (4) carrying out ohmic heating operation on the target optical fiber; (5) measuring the temperature rise curves of different heating power under the steady seepage condition; (6) constructing a heat transfer equation of a total heat transfer coefficient of the optical cable; (7) representing the heat transfer between optical fiber and a seepage containing saturated porous medium by the total heat transfer coefficient; (8) measuring the temperature rise curves of different heating power under the condition of different seepage rates; and (9) monitoring the seepage rate. The method provided in the invention establishes an empirical relationship mathematical model of the seepage rate total heat transfer coefficient, accurately pinpoints the linear correlation between the seepage rate and an average total heat transfer coefficient, and reliably guarantees the monitoring precision.

The invention discloses a method for constructing a pseudo nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum by using conventional logging data, which solves the technical problems that the conventional logging technology cannot accurately evaluate hole structure parameters and the nuclear magnetic logging price is high. The method comprises the following steps of: splitting two-dimensional information of a nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum for reflecting a hole structure into one-dimensional information according to the composition, establishing an empirical relationship between the one-dimensional information and the conventional logging data, and then assembling the one-dimensional information and the conventional logging data into corresponding two-dimensional information so as to realize transformation of the logging data from the one-dimensional information to the two-dimensional information, namely construct the two-dimensional nuclear magnetic logging T2 spectrum by using the one-dimensional conventional logging data. The method has remarkable actual application effect; the pseudo nuclear magnetic logging T2 spectrum is remarkably similar to the actually measured nuclear magnetic logging T2 spectrum on morphology, succeeds the advantage that the resolution rate of the conventional logging technology is higher than that of the nuclear magnetic resonance technology, and can evaluate the physical property of a reservoir, evaluate the hole structure of the reservoir and perform comprehensive evaluation of the complex reservoir as the actually measured nuclear magnetic T2 spectrum; and the method has great popularization value.

A method for determining the thermal neutron capture cross-section of an earth formation penetrated by a wellbore from counts of capture gamma rays. The capture gamma rays are detected at spaced apart locations after bombarding the formations with high energy neutrons. The method includes determining an apparent capture cross-section at each one of the spaced apart locations from the counts of capture gamma rays, determining a difference in the apparent capture cross-sections determined between pairs of the spaced apart locations, and calculating the capture cross-section by combining the apparent capture cross-sections and the differences into an empirical relationship of known values of the capture cross-section with respect to the differences and the apparent capture cross-sections. In the preferred embodiment, the coefficients of the empirical relationship are determined by minimizing a value of an error function including as components: the differences between simulated values of the capture cross-section calculated from simulated gamma ray counts at each one of the spaced apart locations corresponding to known values of the capture cross-section used to perform the simulation, and the known values of the capture cross-section; and the statistical error in the simulated values of capture cross-section.

A method and system of optimizing a complex manufacturing process performed to achieve one or more processing objectives for the process and/or a component produced by the process. The system includes a graphical user interface, a process module, and an optimization module. The process module includes a training module, an empirical relationships database, an analytical equations database, a heuristic knowledge database, and a process models database. The graphical user interface is used to input one or more processing variables and constraints for the processing objective. The training module generates empirical relationships from the processing variable and empirical data obtained from the manufacturing process. The process module generates a process model that takes into consideration heuristic knowledge of the manufacturing process, empirical relationships, and optionally analytical equations relating to the manufacturing process. The optimization module employs the process model to optimize the manufacturing process.

Apparatus and method for non-invasively determining the level of a constituent of a patient's blood drawn though an elastomeric tubing to a dialysis machine deforms the tubing in the slot of a measuring head having two points of different transverse length with a transmit/receive sensor at each point that transmits a signal through the tubing and the blood and is reflected back to it from the tubing internal wall. The round trip transit time of the signal at each sensor is measured and the blood sound velocity is calculated from the two round trip transit times and the differential of the transverse lengths at the two points. Blood hematocrit level, which is related to blood volume, is calculated from the calculated sound velocity and an empirical relationship.

The invention relates to a quantitative method for predicting shield tunneling parameters by using equivalent rock mass basic quality indicators, and belongs to the technical fields of geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering survey, design and construction. Based on the basic quality index of the equivalent rock mass, the complex stratum is geologically segmented, and the tunneling parameters are counted segmentally. Through stepwise regression to calculate the empirical relationship between the tunneling rate, cutterhead torque and other tunneling parameters, a general prediction model for the tunneling rate and a general prediction model for the cutterhead torque that are applicable to both homogeneous and composite strata are obtained. Through the quantitative analysis of the corresponding relationship between the coefficients of the general prediction model of the tunneling rate, the coefficients of the general prediction model of the cutterhead torque and the equivalent rock mass basic quality index value, a quantitative method for predicting the tunneling parameters using the equivalent rock mass basic quality index is obtained. It has important theoretical significance and engineering application value for construction scheme design, construction cost-construction period control and analysis of shield-surrounding rock interaction law.

Methods and related systems are described relating to processing subsurface sonic and seismic data. The described techniques use anisotropy estimates derived from a walkaway VSP to calibrate elastic properties derived from sonic logs. An empirical relationship between the sonic derived anisotropy parameters is modified until the upscaled elastic properties from the sonic log data best matches the anisotropy parameters measured with the walkway VSP. The result is a set of elastic constants consistent with the walkaway VSP measurements.

The invention discloses a composite stratum shield tunneling efficiency on-site prediction and calculation method. The method mainly comprises the steps that a rock crushing degree index of a drilledrock core is measured and calculated; the BQ value of each stratum is calculated according to engineering investigation data, and the rock slag point load intensity is obtained according to rock slagsof a construction site; and an empirical relationship formula between the crushing degree index and the point load intensity is obtained; and based on the result and the area ratio of each stratum ofa tunnel face, a composite stratum full-section on-site rock mass tunneling difficulty index RH<f> can be obtained, and finally a composite stratum shield tunneling efficiency prediction model established based on the total shield thrust F and the RH<f> is obtained according to the tunneling efficiency, the total thrust, the cutterhead torque and the tunneling rate. The method can be directly applied to the shield construction site, indexes and calculation parameters have the advantages of measurement-and-use, convenience and high efficiency, the construction period cost is saved, the economic benefit is remarkable, the index calculation evaluation result conforms to the actual law, and the method has important engineering significance for guiding and perfecting intelligent construction of a roadheader.

A semiconductor wafer fabrication metrology method in which process steps are characterised by a change in wafer mass, whereby during fabrication mass is used as a measurable parameter to implement statistical process control on the one or more of process steps. In one aspect, the shape of a measured mass distribution is compared with the shape of a predetermined characteristic mass distribution to monitor the process. An determined empirical relationship between a control variable of the process and the characteristic mass change may enable differences between the measured mass distribution and characteristic mass distribution to provide information about the control variable. In another aspect, the relative position of an individual measured wafer mass change in a current distribution provides information about individual wafer problems independently from general process problems.

The invention discloses a river flood peak water level prediction method based on conditional probability distribution. According to the statistics of the flood peak water level and the propagation time series of upstream and downstream, on the basis of determining the marginal probability distribution function, the two-dimensional joint probability distribution function of upstream peak water level and downstream peak water level and propagation time is constructed by using a Copula function, and then the conditional probability distribution function of downstream peak water level and propagation time is solved when the upstream peak water level is given, and then the downstream peak water level and its occurrence time are predicted. The method of the present invention quantitatively gives regression curves of flood peak level of upstream section and flood peak level of downstream section, flood propagation time based on probability theory and mathematical statistics method. Comparedwith the conventional method of drawing empirical relationship curve by hand, the method of the present invention has stronger theoretical foundation, effectively reduces arbitrariness brought by handdrawing, and is more objective and reasonable.

The invention discloses a method for determining influence of acid liquor on Young modulus of compact carbonate through experiments. The method comprises steps as follows: (1), a compact carbonate standard core is selected for use, a uniaxial compressive strength experiment is carried out, and an empirical relationship between uniaxial compressive strength of compact carbonate and the Young modulus is established; (2), a full-diameter core in a target work area is selected for use, a rock indentation instrument is adopted for implement a rock scratching experiment, compressive strength of thecore is tested, and the Young modulus of the core before acid treatment is acquired; (2), the acid liquor and the core are soaked in a high-temperature and high-pressure reactor for a reaction; (4), the core soaked with the acid liquor is subjected to the scratching experiment again in the original scratching experiment position, the compressive strength of the core is tested, the Young modulus ofthe core after acid treatment is acquired, and the influence of the acid liquor on the Young modulus of compact carbonate is determined. The principle is reliable, the operation is simple and convenient, the influence of the acid liquor on the Young modulus of compact carbonate under the reservoir condition is authentically evaluated, and acid fracturing reformation effect of compact carbonate isfurther improved.

A system for monitoring signal level of a signal in a communications network, comprising a monitor that includes (i) a receiver to receive the signal from the network, (ii) a detector for detecting signal level values of the signal, and (iii) a sensor for sensing temperatures at the monitoring point in association with the signal level values. The system further comprises (i) means for evaluating the signal level values relative to an alarm reference, (ii) means for issuing alarms based on an alarm criterion defined in terms of the signal level values and the alarm reference, (iii) means for deriving an empirical relationship between signal level and temperature from the signal level values and temperatures, and (iv) means for adjusting the alarm criterion in accordance with the empirical relationship, such that temperature-dependent variations of signal level are substantially accounted for in issuing alarms.

The invention discloses a method for determining a reliability degree of a minimum subsample ion thruster based on acceleration gate data. The method comprises the steps of: 1) acquiring whole machinelife test data of the ion thruster; 2) acquiring test data of an acceleration gate component; 3) determining shape parameters of thruster life; 4) and evaluating the reliability of the ion thruster,so as to obtain the reliability degree. According to the method, a model of an empirical relationship between acceleration gate life in an acceleration gate component test and the thruster life in a whole machine life test is established, the shape parameters of the thruster life are obtained by utilizing the test data of the acceleration gate component, further the reliability of the ion thrusteris evaluated, and the problem of ion thruster reliability evaluation under the condition that the whole machine life data is very few (only 1 or 2 pieces) is solved.

A method to automatically quantify dendrite arm spacing in dendritic microstructures. Once a location of interest in a cast material specimen has been identified, the information contained in it is automatically analyzed to quantify dendrite cell size information that is subsequently converted into a quantified dendrite arm spacing through an empirical relationship or a theoretical relationship. In one form, the relationship between DCS and DAS is such that the DAS in dendritic structure of cast aluminum alloys may be automatically determined from the measurement of one or more of dendrite cell size and the actual volume fraction of the eutectic phases in the local casting microstructure. Non-equilibrium conditions may be accounted for in situations where a theoretical volume fraction of a eutectic phase of the alloy in equilibrium condition is appropriately modified. Thus, in situations where equilibrium conditions—such as those where the casting is cooled very slowly during solidification—does not apply (such as during rapid cooling and consequent solidification), the eutectic measured in the non-equilibrium condition, which can be smaller than the theoretical value in equilibrium, can be accounted for.

The invention relates to a method for realizing atmospheric correction of an MODIS (moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) image in a turbid water body area. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) reading an empirical relationship of actually measured standard water-leaving reflectivity of wave bands of 531, 551, 667 and 978 nm, a Rayleigh scattering look-up table, an MODIS image of the wave bands related by the model, synchronous atmospheric pressure, wind speed and ozone thickness data; (2) calculating the reflectivity contributed by each wave band Rayleigh scattering of the MODIS by using a Rayleigh scattering look-up table algorithm on the basis of meteorological data related in the step (1) and correcting the reflectivity; (3) building empirical relationships of thereflectivity of the wave bands of 531, 551, 667 and 978 nm by using the MODIS image data corrected by the Rayleigh scattering, (4) calculating the reflectivity contributed by aerosol scattering of each wave band of the MODIS by using an Angstrom aerosol exponential model on the basis of the step (4), and (5) calculating the reflectivity contributed by path radiance of the atmosphere based on the steps (2) and (4) and carrying out atmospheric correction on the MODIS image.

A non-invasive system and method for measuring blood pressure variability includes a cuff (20) pneumatically connected to a pump (14) to inflate the cuff to be wrapped around a limb (21) of a subject. A pressure sensor (18) is associated with the cuff for measuring cuff pressure (52). A photoplethysmogram sensor (26) attached to a fingertip in the same limb (21) of the subject and placed distal to the cuff for monitoring blood flow and recording a pulse plethysmograph signal. A control unit (12) connected to the pressure sensor (18) and the photoplethysmogram sensor (26) for simultaneously recording the cuff pressure and the plethysmograph signal such that an empirical relationship is derived between the cuff pressure and an amplitude measure of the plethysmograph signal (54) to measure short-term variation in systolic and diastolic blood pressures at a frequency corresponding to respiratory cycle.