The invention discloses a JSON-based gene ontology mapping system and method, including automatic identification and data extraction of gene ontology, a mapping mechanism from gene ontology to JSON, and JSON-based gene ontology data storage. The specific steps are: identify the metadata information in the Gene Ontology, and obtain the three categories of cellular component, molecular function, and biological process in the Gene Ontology metadata, as well as the parent-child relationship (is_a) , part_of and regulation relationship (regulates) three relationship features; establish one-to-one mapping rules between gene ontology metadata features and JSON model, and use semi-supervised learning method to complete metadata extraction; build JSON-based gene ontology storage Model to complete the data migration from Gene Ontology to JSON. The invention establishes a mapping model of gene ontology and JSON, solves the problem that gene ontology data cannot be automatically converted into JSON data, and realizes efficient data interaction and full sharing of gene ontology among heterogeneous Web platforms.