The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vaccine composition which is safe and effective as a preventive
medicine or a treatment
medicine for infections and / or
cancer, can effectively induce a systemic immune response and a mucosal immune response, and which is capable of being administered to the
oral mucosa, ocular mucosa, ear mucosa, genital mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa,
respiratory mucosa, bronchial mucosa, pulmonary mucosa,
gastric mucosa,
intestinal mucosa, or
rectal mucosa. The present invention is a
mucosal vaccine composition administered to at least one type of
mucous membrane of a person or animal, the
mucous membrane being selected from a group comprising the
oral mucosa, ocular mucosa, ear mucosa, genital mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa,
respiratory mucosa, bronchial mucosa, pulmonary mucosa,
gastric mucosa,
intestinal mucosa, and
rectal mucosa. The
mucosal vaccine composition is characterized by containing at least one type of
antigen, and, as an
immunostimulant agent, a
lipopolysaccharide or a salt thereof derived from at least one type of a
gram-negative bacterium selected from a group consisting of
Serratia, Leclercia, Rahnella, Acidicaldus, Acidiphilium, Acidisphaera, Acidocella, Acidomonas, Asaia, Belnapia, Craurococcus,
Gluconacetobacter,
Gluconobacter, Kozakia, Leahibacter, Muricoccus, Neoasaia, Oleomonas, Paracraurococcus, Rhodopila, Roseococcus, Rubritepida, Saccharibacter, Stella, Swaminathania, Teichococcus, Zavarzinia,
Pseudomonas,
Achromobacter, Bacillus, Methanoculleus, Methanosarcina,
Clostridium,
Micrococcus,
Flavobacterium,
Pantoea,
Acetobacter,
Zymomonas,
Xanthomonas, and
Enterobacter. Moreover, the
mucosal vaccine composition is characterized in that the
mass ratio of the abovementioned
immunostimulant agent and
antigen (the total
mass of the
immunostimulant agent / the total
mass of the
antigen) is between 0.002 and 500.