71 results about "Heat density" patented technology

The invention belongs to the field of metallurgy continuous casting process numerical analog simulation, and discloses a method for determining heat flux density of a continuous casting crystallizer based on flux film and air gap dynamic distribution. According to a crystallizer copper plate structure and the size of the section of a continuous casting, a two-dimensional transient heat/force coupling finite element model with a 1/4 blank shell-crystallizer cross section system as a computation object is built, and the temperature of the surface of the blank shell, the temperature of the hot surface of a copper plate and the width of the clearance of a blank shell-crystallizer interface are determined. If the temperature of the surface of the blank shell is higher than the solidification temperature of casting powder, the heat resistor of the blank shell-crystallizer interface is formed by connecting a melt cinder layer, a solidification slug layer and a crystallizer-solidification slug interface heat resistor in series. If the temperature of the surface of the blank shell is smaller than or equal to the solidification temperature of the casting powder, the heat resistor of the blank shell-crystallizer interface is formed by connecting an air gap layer, a solidification slug layer and a crystallizer-solidification slug interface heat resistor in series. The method has good universality, and is suitable for determining the heat flux density of all existing continuous casting machine types and sectional crystallizers.

The invention provides a pump-driven two-phase circuit device for heat dissipation of a high heat flux electronic device. Heat is collected and transported by using an endothermic process in evaporation and an exothermic process in condensation during a circulation flow process of a working medium. An evaporator for the circuit device comprises micro-channels and fins. In an area of high heat flux, the micro-channels are used to dissipate heat and increase a heat transfer coefficient of a partial area, while in an area of low heat flux, the fins are used. Due to great area difference between the micro-channel area and the fin area in the evaporator, when the working medium in the micro-channels enters the fin area, volume quickly expands and temperature of the working medium reduces, so as to help heat dissipation of the device in the fin area. By using different structures and with little resources, heat dissipation problems of devices with different powers are solved. The pump-driven two-phase circuit device for heat dissipation of the high heat flux electronic device can adapt to heat dissipation of electronic devices with different heat flux densities and can satisfy working requirements of electronic devices with a heat flux density of 50 W/cm<2> or above.

The invention relates to an ultrahigh heat density cooling system, which comprises air conditioning equipment, wherein the air conditioning equipment comprises two layers of cooling cycles; a refrigerating host machine and a cooling terminal are arranged separately; and the cooling terminal and cooled equipment form a totally-enclosed air circulating system. The refrigerating host machine and cooling terminal equipment are arranged separately, and the cooling terminal and cooled equipment form the totally-enclosed air circulating system, so that the air supply distance is shorter when the cooling terminal is closer to the cooled equipment, and heat and mass transfer with the outside does not exist. By adopting the ultrahigh heat density cooling system, cooling effect is remarkably enhanced, the system runs without being interfered by external factors and a machine room environment is not influenced; furthermore, the cooling terminal is separated from the refrigerating host machine, sothat vibration produced by a compressor is avoided, and noise is greatly lowered.

The invention relates to the technical field of heating thin films and discloses a heating flexible transparent thin film printed with silver paste and carbon paste and a production method thereof. The thermostatic heating flexible transparent thin film comprises a TIE (titanium ethylene) transparent plastic thin film, the conductive silver paste and the carbon paste, the TIE transparent plastic thin film is provided with a conductive heating thin film layer line which is printed with the conductive silver paste and the carbon paste, and the conductive heating thin film layer line is zigzag. The heating flexible transparent thin film printed with the silver paste and the carbon paste is applicable to high-technology applications in the agricultural and the medical fields. The line design of the conductive heating thin film layer is even; after the conductive heating thin film layer is powered for heating, the heat density is large, and the heat is even; the base material thin film is transparent, flexible and foldable; and the thickness can be from 0.02 to 0.05. The printed conductive heating thin film layer cannot drop even being soaked for 24 hours and cannot be eroded in an alkaline soap solution; and no broken line exists after carrying out a plurality of rub tests are carried out, so that the heating flexible transparent thin film printed with the silver paste and the carbon paste has the advantages of low pressure, low temperature, low manufacture cost, usage safety and convenience and , reliable quality and the like.

The invention discloses a simulation apparatus and a simulation method for heat flux density of the lower head of a pressure vessel. The simulation apparatus comprises an arc simulator which is a cuboid as a whole; the arc simulator bends towards one of the side surfaces of the arc simulator to form a quarter circular ring with a rectangular cross section, the external diameter of the arc simulator is R, the internal diameter of the arc simulator is R-B, B is the thickness of the arc simulator, and the width of the arc simulator is Am. The simulation apparatus provided by the invention can simulate heat power of core melts under different accident conditions and cooling flow of the lower head at the same time; the apparatus can also simulate heating of the core melts under severe accident conditions; the apparatus cooperates with other structures to form a cooling channel together; and the apparatus is applicable to experiments on flow and heat transfer characteristics and critical heat flux density of the external surface of the lower head of the pressure vessel under severe accident conditions in a laboratory, can acquire the limit value of the critical heat flux density of the external surface of the lower head and provides a basis for designing and validity evaluation of a severe accident mitigation system.

The invention relates to the field of energy storage devices, and provides a heat storage/cold storage device. The heat storage/cold storage device comprises a shell, at least three layers of solid-phase medium are filled in the shell; the solid-phase medium of a middle layer has one or more of the following properties; the density of the solid-phase medium in the middle layer is larger than thatof other layers of solid-phase medium, the porosity of the solid-phase medium in the middle layer is smaller than that of other layers of solid-phase medium, and the specific heat capacity of the solid-phase medium in the middle layer is larger than that of other layers of solid-phase medium. According to the heat storage/cold storage device, the shell is filled with the solid-phase medium, duringuse, the flowing heat exchange fluid exchanges heat with the solid-phase medium, so that storage and release of heat energy or cold energy are realized; and the solid-phase medium with low density orhigh porosity or low specific heat capacity are arranged on the two sides of the middle layer, so that under the condition that the heat flux density is not changed, the mass of the solid-phase medium is reduced, the temperature gradient is increased, the expansion of an internal inclined temperature layer is inhibited, and the energy storage efficiency is improved.

The invention provides a method for realizing carbon dioxide cycle power generation based on waste heat from a cement plant. According to the method, CO2 captured during emission reduction is used as a working medium and is cooled and compressed into liquid CO2, the low-pressure liquid CO2 fluid is conveyed into different CO2 energy storage devices through high-pressure pumping devices with the extremely-low energy consumption, various waste heat generated in the cement production process is used as the energy for energy storage of the low-pressure liquid CO2 fluid, and high-pressure thermal supercritical CO2 fluid with the fluctuations and/or different temperatures and different heat densities is generated and is tempered and changed into isothermal-isobaric supercritical CO2 fluid through a steady flow regulator to be stably supplied to a turbine/piston expander so that the turbine/piston expander can do work to drive an electric generator to generate electricity; and carbon dioxide cycle power generation is realized, efficient heat recycling can be achieved, the high heat efficiency is achieved, surplus energy is stored and used effectively, and flexible adjustment and utilization of the energy are achieved.

A fuel cell internal humidity-heat flux density-current density distribution measurement insert is a fuel cell internal humidity-heat flux density-current density distribution measurement device, a leakage seam and a rib which are corresponding to a fuel cell flow field plate flow passage and ridge are arranged on a conductive substrate, and a humidity-heat flux density-current density combined measurement sensor is arranged on the rib; the humidity-heat flux density-current density combined measurement sensor is prepared by vacuum evaporation coating method, and comprises ten layers of thin films. A leading wire is also prepared by the vacuum evaporation coating method, is used to transmit electrical signals, and extends to the flow field plate edge to form a lead foot by magnifying to facilitate connecting with external connection data acquisition equipment. The fuel cell internal humidity-heat flux density-current density distribution measurement insert realizes the synchronous online measurement of fuel cell internal humidity distribution, heat flux density distribution and current density distribution without special transformation of a fuel cell structure, and is suitable for a fuel cell flow field plate with a parallel flow passage, a serpentine flow passage, an interleaved flow passage or a flow passage with other shape.

The invention discloses a device and a method for the in-situ observation of the heat flow density of mould powder for continuous casting in a phase change process. The device comprises: a sample chamber for containing sample; a loading system for applying load to the sample from the top; a heating system for heating the sample in the sample chamber; a temperature measuring and recording assemblycomprising at least three thermocouples arranged inside the bottom wall of the sample chamber at intervals from top to bottom; a temperature data collecting system connected to the thermocouples; andan infrared thermometer for real-time temperature measurement of the sample in the sample room. A cooling loop is arranged at the bottom of the sample chamber, and the cooling loop is internally provided with cooling medium. The total thermal resistance Rtot of the tested sample, the loading system-sample interface thermal resistance Rp-s, the sample-sample chamber bottom surface interface thermalresistance Rs-w, the radiant heat transferring heat flow density at various locations and different times of the tested sample qr, and the conduction and heat transferring heat flow density qc are obtained by the computer calculating the data collected by the infrared thermometer and the temperature data collecting system.

A fuel cell internal temperature-heat flux density distribution measurement insert is a fuel cell internal temperature-heat flux density distribution measurement device, a leakage seam and a rib which are corresponding to a fuel cell flow field plate flow passage and ridge are arranged on a conductive substrate, and a temperature-heat flux density combined measurement sensor is arranged on the rib; the temperature-heat flux density combined measurement sensor is prepared by vacuum evaporation coating method, and comprises five layers of thin films. A leading wire is also prepared by the vacuum evaporation coating method, is used to transmit electrical signals, and extends to the flow field plate edge to form a lead foot by magnifying to facilitate connecting with external connection data acquisition equipment. The fuel cell internal temperature-heat flux density distribution measurement insert realizes the synchronous online measurement of fuel cell internal temperature distribution and heat flux density distribution can be used as a independent component to be arranged in a fuel cell without special transformation of the fuel cell structure, and is wide in range of application, and suitable for a fuel cell flow field plate with a parallel flow passage, a serpentine flow passage, an interleaved flow passage or a flow passage with other shape.

The invention discloses a movable phase change heat storage and cold storage device. The movable phase change heat storage and cold storage device comprises heat transfer plates, a support, casing pipes, main pipes, a storage tank, a phase change working medium and the like. The heat transfer plates are the main elements for heat exchange. Heat is stored and released through the phase change working medium, the main pipes and the casing pipes and is supplied to the heat storage and cold storage device and an external connector. In the heat storage process, steam passes through the heat transfer plates through the main pipes, heat is transmitted to the phase change working medium through the heat transfer plates, the phase change working medium can absorb heat, be liquefied and stores heat,the working medium is transported to the designated position in a box body, cold water passes through the heat transfer plates through the casing pipes, the heat is transmitted to the cold water fromthe phase change working medium through the heat transfer plate, hot water is obtained, the phase change working medium discharges heat, is solidified and releases heat, and the cold storage processis similar to the heat storage process. In addition, by means of the designed movable phase change heat storage and cold storage device, the heat capacity or the cold capacity can be stably output with an expected temperature, characteristics that the heat storage density of a phase change material is high, and the phase change process is approximately isothermal are utilized, and therefore the heat storage and cold storage device can have higher heat storage and cold storage efficiency and a wider application prospect.

The invention relates to a cooling device utilizing a micronized boiling efficient heat exchange technology. The cooling device mainly comprises a water inlet chamber, a flow equalizing pore plate, a flow dividing structure, a bottom plate, a ribbed heat exchange plate and a water outlet chamber, bubble micronized boiling is a special boiling phenomenon which occurs on a small-size heating surface and has a heat exchange ability which is far higher than that of single-phase heat exchange and conventional boiling heat exchange, wherein the heat flow density can each up to 1MW/M<2>. According to the invention, a heat exchange channel with multiple inlets and multiple outlets is formed through combining the flow dividing structure and the ribbed heat exchange plate so as to realize occurrence of bubble micronized boiling on a large-scale heating surface. Pressure fluctuation introduced by bubble breakage in bubble micronized boiling is reduced by using fine needles welded on the flow dividing structure. The cooling device has an extremely high cooling ability and relatively simple in structure, and can solve a cooling problem, which is difficult to be processed by conventional cooling devices, of devices and equipment with a high operating heat load.

The invention discloses a measuring method for the heat flux density of a solid metal. The method comprises the following steps: (A) determining a heat conductivity coefficient 1 (W/m. DEG C) of a to-be-measured object; (B) processing measuring holes; (C) respectively installing temperature measuring devices in the measuring holes; (D) respectively measuring temperatures at a point A and a point B by using the temperature measuring devices respectively located at the point A and the point B so as to obtain the temperature TA of the point A and the temperature TB of the point B; and (E) calculating heat flux density of the to-be-measured object in the direction from point A and point B according to a formula. According to the invention, existence of the measuring holes poses little influence on a to-be-measured solid, heat flux density between measured points in a metal solid can be accurately measured in real time, and a measuring apparatus used in the invention has the advantages of a simple structure, easily realizable manufacturing process, a wide measurement range of heat flux density, capacity of realizing high precision measurement of heat flux density in a range of 1 kW/m<2> to 10 MW/m<2> , high stability, good anti-interference capability, etc.

The invention discloses a free jet type supersonic flue gas flow enthalpy value steady state measurement apparatus, which includes: a measurement apparatus and a protective sleeve which are connected to each other. The measurement apparatus is used for measuring enthalpy value of flue gas flow and the protective sleeve is used for protecting the measurement apparatus. The measurement apparatus can work in a severe heat environment with incoming flow total temperature being higher than 3000 K and heat flow density being higher than 20 MW/m<2> for long time.