The invention discloses a tunnel boring machine torque load simulation hydraulic system. The tunnel boring machine torque load simulation hydraulic system comprises a rotating part, a speed increaser, a load simulation pump, a closed loop safety valve set, an oil outlet check valve set, a long and thin hole magnetic proportional throttle valve, a thin-cutting-edge magnetic proportional throttle valve, a magnetic proportional overflow valve, an oil air-cooling valve set, an oil supplementing check valve set and an oil supplementing loop. The magnetic proportional throttle valve and the magnetic proportional overflow valve different in opening type are connected in series, parameter adjustment is performed in a unified mode, and torque load setting, rock-soil static pressure setting and cutter disc rotation speed are considered in a unified mode, so that high-fidelity simulation of torque load of a tunnel boring machine is achieved. The load valve set scheme is suitable for dynamic simulation of other types of loads as well.