47 results about "Percolation rate" patented technology

The Invention concerns an apparatus for and method for the simultaneous determination of permeation rate through and desorption rate from a polymeric specimen, the method comprising sealingly separating a first volume from a second volume with a specimen to be tested, said specimen being suffused with a first isotope of a gas or vapor; introducing in said first volume a second isotope of said gas or vapor, said second isotope being detectably distinguishable from said first isotope; in said second volume, adjusting the partial pressure of both said isotopes of said gas or vapor to a negligible value compared to that of said second isotope of said gas or vapor in said first volume; and, distinguishably detecting the concentration of each said diffusing isotope of said permeant in said second volume.

The invention provides a formation factor determining method and an oil saturation determining method, wherein the formation factor determining method comprises the following steps of: selecting a representative series core of a secondary pore development low-percolation oil-gas layer; measuring and obtaining a core porosity degree phi, a percolation rate K, a capillary pressure curve Pc and an average pore-throat semidiameter, wherein the core porosity degree phi is used for reflecting conductive fluid volume and a conductive path in rock, and the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path in the rock are used as parameters for determining a formation factor F. The invention has the specific relational expression: determining the formation factor according to the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path, and factors a, b and c are obtained by calibrating core data. The invention introduces the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path as the parameters to determine the formation factor, and a formation factor calculation result more conforms to an actual formation condition for determining a more accurate oil saturation result.

The invention is a high pressure high temperature rock core dynamic damage estimate apparatus. It comprises straight pump mud pump, high pressure liquor tank, side plane circulating multi test point rock core pick, flow meter, gas source, pressure sensor, round pressing pump, return pressure controller, data gatherer and computer. Based on simulated rock temperature, pressure, flow speed, first obtain the original percolation rate on each section of rock core, then the mud pump drives the well liquor in the high pressure liquor container, obtain the percolation rate of each section of rock core without taking out the rock core, finally make out an evaluation of the damage the well liquor to the rock core so to pick out the drill liquor protective to the oil layer and the complete well liquor system.

The invention relates to a polymer coated vitamin E liposome and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the invention comprises the following steps: preparing a vitamin E liposome suspension; adding a polymer into the suspension for coating to obtain a polymer coated vitamin E liposome suspension; obtaining a polymer coated vitamin E proliposome solid powder by spray drying or freeze drying; and before use, adding a proper amount of distilled water as required to obtain the polymer coated vitamin E liposome suspension with the entrapment rate of 82-94%. The polymer coated vitamin E liposome of the invention can obviously reduce the degree of oxidation of vitamin E, reduce the percolation rate, delay the release of the vitamin E in vivo, prolong the cycling time in vivo, and be prepared into the coated type proliposome solid powder which can be more conveniently packed, stored, transported and used.

The invention discloses a method for determining the shear strength of chemically polluted soil and a special full-automatic direct shear apparatus. A chemical corrosion device is added for the direct shear apparatus compared with the prior art, infiltration holes are formed in the bottom of a shear box, and a notch groove is formed in the bottom of a container trough of the chemical corrosion device, so that when the method is adopted for determining, a chemical corrosion solution can be directly injected into the container trough to perform sealed maintenance; after maintenance is completed, vertical pressure loading is directly performed to complete a full-automatic direct shear test so that the pollutant corrosion situation of a soil body on site can be simulated, destroying-free maintenance of a tested soil sample is achieved, the influence of stress release in the sampling process is avoided, disturbance suffered by the soil body is reduced as far as possible, and the tested sample can be closer to the in-situ soil sample in property. In addition, due to the fact that the infiltration rate fluctuation of the chemical corrosion solution is smaller, a result is closer to the polluted situation of natural soil, corrosion distribution can be relatively uniform, the influence of local corrosion on the mechanical property determination of the soil sample is avoided, and the problem that a conventional direct shear apparatus cannot detect the shear strength and parameters of the chemically polluted soil is solved.

The invention discloses a water seepage collecting and testing system for a fluid-solid coupling test. The water seepage collecting and testing system comprises a transparent waterproof sealed testing tank, wherein the testing tank internally comprises a water tank area, a material area and a water amount collecting area which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the water tank area is communicated with the material area, a water permeable clapboard is arranged between the material area and the water amount collecting area, and the water tank area is connected with a water pressure control device. The water seepage collecting and testing system solves the problems that the water seepage amount is difficult to accurately collect and the seepage rate is difficult to test in a fluid-solid coupling model test, truly simulates the coupling effect of a water body and similar materials, and simultaneously realizes the visualization of the testing system in the model test. When the visualized water seepage collecting and testing system is applied in the model test, compared with the conventional research, the water seepage collecting and testing system can realized the accurate collection of the seepage rate and the water seepage amount in the fluid-solid coupling test, and can enhance the visualization of the fluid-solid coupling test process, so that the test process is authentic and creditable, and test results are close to practical engineering.

The invention relates to experimental facilities in agriculture, in particular to an earth-pillar percolation simulating device. In the simulating device, a horizontally arranged filter tube is arranged in an earth pillar; one end of the filter tube extends out of the wall of the earth pillar to be connected with a water collecting bottle; the outer wall of the extending end of the filter tube is hermetically connected with the wall of the earth pillar; and the other end of the filter tube is sealed. The earth-pillar percolation simulating device simulates agricultural soils after being irrigated under the condition of undisturbed soil layer, and measures the water percolating capacity (percolation rate) in unit area and unit time and the content of contaminant in water percolation so as to calculate the discharge rate of the contaminant in farmland subsiding water in an area range and provide a scientific proof for agricultural subsiding water contamination preventing and controlling technology. The device has the characteristics of reasonable structure and practicability.

The invention relates to a desalination method of hydraulic fill sea mud. The method comprises the following steps: 1. laying underground buried pipes in a hydraulic fill region, deep plowing soil layer; 2. after performing alternate flooding and drying and alternate freezing and thawing in winter and spring, mixing carbide slag and skeletal material with hydraulic fill sea mud, wherein the volume ratio of hydraulic fill sea mud to carbide slag and skeletal material is 0.5-0.65:0.01-0.5:0.25-0.5, stirring evenly; and 3. irrigating and desalting the mixed hydraulic fill sea mud, discharging flushing water through the underground buried pipes. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the penetration rate and chemical property of hydraulic fill sea mud are changed and the penetration ability and desalination speed of hydraulic fill sea mud are increased, thus the salinity of hydraulic fill sea mud can be reduced below the tolerance level of plant growth in a short time, the desalination cycle of the prior art can be greatly shortened, and the efficiency of water used for desalination is increased at the same time.

The Invention concerns an apparatus for and method for the simultaneous determination of permeation rate through and desorption rate from a polymeric specimen, the method comprisingsealingly separating a first volume from a second volume with a specimen to be tested, said specimen being suffused with a first isotope of a gas or vapor;introducing in said first volume a second isotope of said gas or vapor, said second isotope being detectably distinguishable from said first isotope;in said second volume, adjusting the partial pressure of both said isotopes of said gas or vapor to a negligible value compared to that of said second isotope of said gas or vapor in said first volume;and, distinguishably detecting the concentration of each said diffusing isotope of said permeant in said second volume.

The present invention includes a method and apparatus for determining the percolation rate of soil. The method includes providing a test assembly configured to be placed over the top of a test hole, the test assembly containing a remote sensor (such as an ultrasound sensor) positioned proximate the top of the hole. The depth to the bottom of the hole, as well as the elevation of water within the hole during the test process, is measured using the remote sensor and used to determine perc rate of the soil within which the hole is dug

Disclosed are phase percolation rate improver and the method of increasing crude oil producing by it, relating to a chemical agent-percolation rate improver for increasing crude oil producing in crude oil employment, and the method to increase crude oil producing by phase percolation rate improver. The phase percolation rate improver is comprised of 100-5000ppm polyacrylamide and 100-5000ppm cross linking agent, and the method to increase the productivity is as follows: inject percolation rate improver in large dosage into the water well, then use other displacing fluid to make waterdisplacing, polymerdisplacing or poly. The invention has realized increasing the productivity by several effect, it has the following characteristics: increasing the edge-water encroachment efficiency of wave and volume while injecting the phase percolation rate improver, after that increasing the edge-water encroachment efficiency in the course of injecting the waterdisplacing or displacing of other liquid.

The invention relates to a cleaning fracturing outlet liquid recovery oil displacement and plugging relief technology, comprising the following steps: cracking glue; adding a flocculating agent, an adhesive mud removing agent or a bactericide to accumulate suspended matters and sterilize; filtering and recovering the suspended matters; finely filtering the suspended matters again through a precise filter; and adding a biological enzyme preparation, and the like into the filter liquor. The invention thoroughly solves the problem of the environment pollution of fracturing outlet liquid, can effectively displace the remaining oil of an oil layer, thereby enhancing the recovery ratio of crude oil; and in addition, the invention has environmental-friendly characteristics, can obviously improve the property of rock cores, recovers the percolation rate of a stratum, enhances the water-wet effect and the expand preventing and sand firming effect, prevents incrustations being accumulated again, reduces the oil-water interfacial tension and enhances the recovery ratio of the crude oil.

The invention relates to a different-gradient soil stable infiltration instrument. The different-gradient soil stable infiltration instrument comprises a flowmeter and a water storage container as well as an inner infiltration frame, an outer infiltration frame and slope contour water level plates, wherein the inner infiltration frame and the outer infiltration frame are coaxially arranged and run through vertically; the thickness of each surface of the inner frame and the outer frame is reduced from top to bottom; water outlets are formed on the inner frame and the outer frame; the corresponding vertical surface of the inner frame and the outer frame is formed by embedding upper and lower plates; the embedding junction is sealed; a group of grooves are formed on the inner side of the two opposite surfaces of the outer infiltration frame and the inner side and the outer side of the two opposite surfaces of the inner infiltration frame equidistantly; the slope contour water level plates are arranged in the grooves; and the adjacent slope contour water level plates and the inner frame and the outer frame are closed. The different-gradient soil stable infiltration instrument overcomes the defects that the original measuring methods at home and abroad disturb soil and are not suitable for slope soil measurement, adopts an inner and outer square infiltration frame method, and can measure slope vertical stable infiltration speed and slope lateral stable infiltration speed respectively under the condition of different-gradient natural soil section.

The invention mainly relates to the field of building materials, in particular to a high-performance pervious brick used on municipal roads, in residential blocks, on sidewalks of garden squares and in public places and a preparation process thereof. The high-performance pervious brick comprises, by weight percent, 68% of limestone aggregate, 21% of cement, 10.4% of water and 0.6% of water reducer. The pervious brick produced through the process maintains higher water percolation rate, and lives up to the standard in strength and frost resistance.

The invention relates to a progressive fixed-point and precise remote controlled irrigation device and method. The progressive fixed-point and precise remote controlled irrigation device comprises a metal box body, a central control unit, a humidity collection device, an irrigation device body, a wireless communication device and an alarming device. In the progressive fixed-point and precise remote controlled irrigation device, a single chip microcomputer as a core main board has high performance, and various complex operation and instructions can be achieved; two sensors are arranged so that the humidity of the soil on each part of plant can be more accurately obtained; it is achieved that irrigation is precisely conducted, a soil permeation rate table is simulated, the watering quantity is adjusted dynamically, the gap time is reserved in the process so as to wait for water infiltration, and then water supplementing quantity is automatically adjusted according to the updated humidity so as to ensure that the humidity slowly approaches an appropriate humidity under the condition without water accumulation; through remote communication with a user side, the stability and the flexibility of a system are greatly improved, a user can know the crop conditions in time, and if the device is in abnormal conditions, an alarm can be sent to the user immediately.

The invention discloses weaving diaphragm cloth for electrolytic nickel. The weaving diaphragm cloth is characterized in that: the standard requirement of the water percolation rate is that: when the water pressure is 150 millimeters, the water percolation rate standard is below 100L / m<2>.h; and the resistance of a fabric is less than 30 OM.cm<2>. The weaving diaphragm cloth for electrolytic nickel is remarkably superior to the weaving diaphragm cloth for electrolytic nickel in the prior art, and meets specified requirements. A diaphragm bag made of the weaving diaphragm cloth for electrolytic nickel disclosed by the invention, the defects of the conventional diaphragm in the prior art are overcome; and the weaving diaphragm cloth has the advantages of convenience for using, low resistivity, high electrolytic efficiency, wide application range and low cost.

An apparatus and method which accurately quantifies the percolation rate of soils, or other materials. This invention unlike prior arts measures the time elapsed for water to drop in a percolation test hole between two fixed points. The elevation of the water is electronically detected which provides signaling to control circuitry that starts and stops an electronic timer and other peripheral circuitry to automate testing. The information gathered is typically used for the design of wastewater and storm water disposal systems.

The invention provides a double-ingredient polyurethane adhesive, which is prepared from the following raw materials including an ingredient A and an ingredient B, wherein the ingredient A is preparedfrom hydroxy-containing alkane, plant oleic acid, polylol, silane coupling agent compounds, wetting agents, catalysts, ultraviolet absorbents and anti-oxidants; the ingredient B is prepared from isocyanate. The double-ingredient polyurethane adhesive provided by the invention has excellent adhesion performance and high temperature resistance performance, is applied to the field of pervious bricks, and has excellent water percolation rate.

The present invention relates to a desalination method by using sludge to improve topsoil of a saline and alkaline land. The method includes the following steps: a) mixing the topsoil of the saline and alkaline land and the sludge to form a mixed zone having a permeability coefficient ranging from 1.0*10-6 to 5.0*10-5 cm / s; b) using sludge to build ridges around the mixed zone, irrigating the mixed zone with fresh water for 2 to 4 months, and keeping a water depth in a range from 10 to 15 cm; c) planting rice in the mixed zone, and irrigating and draining the rice according to the growth characteristics and need of rice. Through a mixture of the topsoil of the saline and alkaline land and the sludge, the mixed zone having the certain permeability coefficient is formed, a structure of the topsoil of saline and alkaline land can be improved, the soil fertility can be increased, the appropriate growth conditions of the rice can be created, and the yield of the rice can be improved. After the structure of the topsoil of the saline and alkaline land can be improved by mixing the sludge, the permeability coefficient of the topsoil of the saline and alkaline land is decreased, the permeation rate of a fresh water soil layer is decreased, so that less fresh water can be used to maintain the continual permeation of the fresh water toward lower locations, and the salt-leaching and salt-reducing can be achieved.

The invention provides a stable meropenem injection and a preparation method thereof. The injection is liposome freeze-dried preparation, which comprises the following components by weight: 5 to 15 parts of meropenem, 80 to 160 parts of phosphatide, 50 to 110 parts of cholesterol, 0.15 to 0.50 parts of vitamin E, 300 to 550 parts of sodium deoxycholate, and 30 to 100 parts of sugar. The liposome freeze-dried preparation provided in the invention has advantages of small particle size, high entrapment rate, low percolation rate, and good stability. Therefore, a problem of instability of ordinary powder injection under a room temperature during long time infusion can be solved, and thus the stable meropenem injection is suitable for clinical practice.

The invention relates to an artificial soil layer quick infiltration system and method for removing ethinylestradiol in water with high hydraulic load, and the main structure of the system adopts an organic glass column as a carrier. Overall height of the column is 55cm, including overflow space with a height of 10 cm and dense filling of artificial mixed soil and gravel filter materials with a height of 45 cm. Fillers, from top to bottom, include a mixture of silty clay, medium-fine sand and volcanic rocks with a thickness of 15 cm, zeolite with a thickness of 25 cm, and coarse sandy gravel with a thickness of 5 cm. Endocrine disruptor ethinylestradiol can be removed from the to-be-treated water successively through the column, and through the degradation of soil natural microorganisms and the physical adsorption of the filter materials. Through the system, the removal rate of ethinylestradiol in reclaimed water is 99% or above, and the average removal rate is about 90% for high-concentration distribution water containing 10 <mu>g / L of EE2. The average of operation apparent permeability of the system is 1.26cm / s, the system is high in hydraulic load and low in site condition requirements. Plugging is an important factor affecting the application of artificial soil layer rapid infiltration system engineering. The system can operate for a long time under high hydraulic load, and can effectively remove the target pollutant EE2.

The invention relates to an extensive type green roof growth medium based on sludge resource reuse. Sludge refers to the anaerobic digestion granule sludge and the sludge from a water supply plant. The medium is prepared by mixing a light inorganic material, rural soil, wood flour, rice husk charcoal and other biological carbon and the sludge in a certain weight ratio, wherein the light inorganic material, the rural soil and the wood flour form main components of the growth medium, and the main components are principal components for maintaining the growth of plants; the anaerobic digestion granule sludge contains a lot of nutritive elements and is used as a nutrient supplement to supply nutrients to the plants growing in the medium; the rice husk charcoal and the sludge from the water supply plant as water quality improving materials control the concentration of nutrient substances, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, in the effluent of a facility, the quality of the effluent is improved, and meanwhile, the retention time of the nutrients in the medium is prolonged. According to the disadvantages that a traditional roof greening growth medium is high in bulk density and rapid in nutrient loss, when the novel extensive type green roof growth medium formed by the materials is used, the medium meets the requirements for low weight, high infiltration rate and long nutrient retention time, and meanwhile, the sludge resource reuse is achieved.

The invention provides a tridimensionality drainage method for a gravity field. By drawing an underground percolation contour map and a stratigraphic section map, the method carries out earth stability analysis, and sets vertical gulley holes and the position of a cut-off wall according to the acquired data with the aid of a boundary map of a stratum percolation pressure field for stratum safety condition analyzed with stratum professional experience. The invention also provides a tridimensionality drainage structure of a gravity field, which comprises at least one cut-off wall and at least one horizontal drain pipe. A drainage path system constructed by the method can truly discharge perched water and underground vadose water in the tridimensionality geographic space of regions covered in discharge construction according to natural gravity of physics so as to ensure the designed drainage efficiency and effectively control the percolating water pressure in the stratum, thereby being applicable to stratum with various geological conditions and various percolation rates.

The invention relates to a method for measuring a permeation rate of surface soil, comprising the steps of: arranging a big metal round tube and a small metal round tube near the water outlet of a Guelph permeameter, wherein the two round tubes take the shape of concentric rings and are same in height and different in diameter; filling soil between the two round tubes; adding water into the soil until the soil is saturated in moisture content; and then measuring the permeation rate of the surface soil. The method has the advantages that: 1, according to the provided installation, the method for measuring the permeation rate of the soil by the Guelph permeameter can be improved, so that the measurement range of the Guelph permeameter is enlarged to a level of being capable of more accurately measuring the permeation rate of the surface soil from a level of being capable of measuring the permeation rate of the soil under the surface only before improvement; 2, the designed small metal round tube can be tightly combined with the surface soil so as to ensure that certain water accumulation is formed in the small metal round tube; and 3, in the designed big metal round tube, the soil is filled in and is saturated by adding water, therefore, during the measurement, water pressure inside and outside the small metal round tube wall can be ensured to be accordant, lateral permeation of the accumulated water in the tube to the outside is furthest reduced, and accuracy of a measurement result is ensured.

The invention discloses a removable micro anastomosis sleeve, relating to a micro-conduit anastomosis therapeutic equipment and comprising a sleeve and a handle. The removable micro anastomosis sleeve is characterized by cutting a horizontal notch on the sleeve, processing a horizontal needle groove on the outer wall of the sleeve, processing a bolt coupling column at the needle groove-free end of the sleeve to be connected with a rod by a bolt and processing the handle on the rod. The invention is designed to solve problems of the prior art that manual suturing costs both time and manpower, has low speed and uneven effect, is apt to result in vascular occlusion or high percolation rate after realizing the anastomosis by suturing penetrated front and back walls of blood vessel and the like; mechanical anastomosis is immature, costs more money, has complicated operation, insecure anastomosis and more side effects and cannot be popularized easily; and the traditional sleeve anastomosis leaving the sleeve inside patient body is apt to cause uncomfortableness or damage of body and the like. The invention has the advantages of novel structure, easy operation, secure anastomosis effect, non-remainder, reliable-safe effect, low cost and the like. The invention can be regarded as the novel removable micro anastomosis sleeve integrating economical efficiency with practicality.

The invention discloses a dual purpose stand for determining moisture physical property and percolation rate of forest soil. The stand comprises a clamping frame with a cutting ring, a tunnel for accumulating liquid, and a triangle stand; the upper edge of the tunnel for accumulating liquid is embedded below the clamping frame with the cutting ring, and the triangle stand is used for supporting combination of the clamping frame with the cutting ring and the tunnel for accumulating liquid. During usage, the cutting ring with soil which needs to be determined is placed on the stand, water is added to the height of the surface of the cutting ring for immersion, the cutting ring is taken and permitted to stand, and determination is respectively carried out according to determination standardsof forest soil moisture-physical property; the cutting ring composite set with soil whose percolation rate needs to be determined is placed on the stand, and determination is respectively carried outaccording to the soil percolation rate determination standard. The product is advantageous in that undisturbed soil particles in the cutting ring are not easy to fall off, standing of the cutting ringdoes not need dry sand, the cutting ring is directly placed on the stand, the volume is smaller, the product is simple and portable, interference due to human factors, such as multitime movement andthe like is avoided, operation is simple and practical as well as fast and convenient, and especially time for experiment determination in mass determination processes can be saved.

The invention discloses a recharge system for rainwater storing and monitoring and a construction method of the system, and belongs to the technical field of urban water conservancy facilities. The recharge system involves buried type reperfusion wells and monitoring wells, wherein the buried type reperfusion wells are arranged around the monitoring wells in a surrounding mode, the number of the buried type reperfusion wells is greater than the number of the monitoring wells, the circle center distance of the buried type reperfusion wells and the monitoring well is D, and D is larger than or equal to 1 meter and less than or equal to R / 2, R is the influence radius of the monitoring well. According to the system, the recharge system is built in the rainwater garden, natural water quality filtration and biodegradation are performed on rainfall by using the recharge system, secondary pollution to underground water caused by rainwater is avoided, and meanwhile, the permeation rate of the rainwater stored in the water-containing layer in situ is accelerated.

The invention provides a formation factor determining method and an oil saturation determining method, wherein the formation factor determining method comprises the following steps of: selecting a representative series core of a secondary pore development low-percolation oil-gas layer; measuring and obtaining a core porosity degree phi, a percolation rate K, a capillary pressure curve Pc and an average pore-throat semidiameter, wherein the core porosity degree phi is used for reflecting conductive fluid volume and a conductive path in rock, and the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path in the rock are used as parameters for determining a formation factor F. The invention has the specific relational expression: determining the formation factor according to the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path, and factors a, b and c are obtained by calibrating core data. The invention introduces the conductive fluid volume and the conductive path as the parameters to determine the formation factor, and a formation factor calculation result more conforms to an actual formation condition for determining a more accurate oil saturation result.

A highway asphalt pavement local segregation method includes: determining the area of road to separating, cleaning, preparing cement pulp, bottling, removing the laitance, conservation, cleaning pavement. Said cement pulp is prepared by cement, water and cement pulp additive with the rate of 100:50 ~68:3.1~6.2 and said cement pulp additive is prepared by wetting agent or penetrating agent and mortar additive or dehydragent with the ratio of 2.5~5.0:0.6~1.2. After a number of laboratory studies and on-site construction experiments, the water percolation rate of disposed asphalt pavement is zero, the hydrodynamic stability and the anti-pressure ability is enhanced significantly according the invention to disposing highway asphalt pavement local segregation. These show that the invention is an effective method to disposing the highway asphalt pavement local segregation. The invention has many advantages such as design reasonable, construction simple, operation easy, construction performance significant, pavement performance fine after disposed; the invention can be used to disposing the segregation disease of asphalt pavement.

The present invention includes a method and apparatus for determining the percolation rate of soil. The method includes providing a test assembly configured to be placed over the top of a test hole, the test assembly containing a remote sensor (such as an ultrasound sensor) positioned proximate the top of the hole. The depth to the bottom of the hole, as well as the elevation of water within the hole during the test process, is measured using the remote sensor and used to determine perc rate of the soil within which the hole is dug.