133results about "Fatty acid isomerisation" patented technology

Compositions and methods for forming hydrocarbon products from triglycerides are disclosed. In one aspect, the methods involve the thermal decomposition of fatty acids, which can be derived from the hydrolysis of triglycerides. The thermal decomposition products can be combined with low molecular weight olefins, such as Fischer-Tropsch synthesis products, and subjected to molecular averaging reactions. Alternatively, the products can be subjected to hydrocracking reactions, isomerization reactions, and the like. The products can be isolated in the gasoline, jet and/or diesel fuel ranges. Thus, vegetable oils and/or animal fats can be converted using water, catalysts, and heat, into conventional products in the gasoline, jet and/or diesel fuel ranges. These products are virtually indistinguishable from those derived from their petroleum-based analogs, except that they can have virtually no aromatic, sulfur or nitrogen content, they are derived, in whole or in part, from renewable resources, and can also be derived from domestically available coal and/or natural gas.

The present invention relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization of unsaturated linear fatty acids to branched fatty acids which comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids with at least one large pore zeolite catalyst wherein said at least one zeolite catalyst comprises a material having a three dimensional channel structure having a pore diameter of at least 6.0 Å. In another embodiment, the invention relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization and hydrogenation of unsaturated linear fatty acids to saturated branched fatty acids which comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids in the presence of an acidic catalyst, wherein said acidic catalyst comprises a mesoporous crystalline phase having pore walls containing primary and secondary crystalline building unit structures.

The invention relates to a process for conjugating two double bonds separated by a methylene bridge in a long-chain alkene, in which the long-chain alkene is isomerized with an

• • a) imino base, or
  • b) iminophosphorane base,

as catalyst.

A process for producing paraffins from renewable feedstocks has been developed in which a hydrolysis process is integrated with the hydroprocessing step, producing products suitable for use as transportation fuels. Integration allows the use of common equipment which minimizes cost, raw material consumption, and energy requirements.

The present invention relates to the use of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) for the topical treatment of fatty deposits and cellulite and to new topical compositions and to cosmetic and dermatological topical compositions for the treatment of fatty deposits and cellulite comprising CLA as well as kits comprising CLA for said treatment.

It is intended to provide a procedure for, in the fractionation of vegetable butter, transesterified fat or oil, isomerized hydrogenated fat or oil, etc. without the use of solvents, obtaining high-concentration component G2U (defined below) by concentrating operation through reduction of the amount of liquid component residue in crystal portion. There is provided a method of dry fractionation of fat or oil characterized in that fat or oil (A) containing components G2U and GU2 is fractionated through crystallization/solid-liquid separation into crystal fraction of concentrated G2U (AF) and liquid fraction of concentrated GU2 (AL), subsequently this crystal fraction (AF) is mixed with liquid G2U-containing fat or oil (B) whose GU2 concentration is lower than that of the liquid fraction (AL) and thereafter the mixture is separated into crystal fraction (BF) and liquid fraction (BL). Provided that G represents a saturated or trans acid form fatty acid residue; U a cis form unsaturated fatty acid residue; and G2U a triglyceride of G2-residue and U1-residue bonded together.

Processes for preparing conjugated fatty acid glycerides comprising: (a) isomerizing a fatty acid lower alkyl ester corresponding to the general formula (I) in the presence of a basic catalyst at a temperature of from 100 to 160° C., to form a conjugated fatty acid lower alkyl ester:

R¹CO—OR²  (I)

wherein R¹CO represents an acyl radical having from 16 to 22 carbon atoms and at least two carbon-carbon unsaturations and R² represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and (b) transesterifying the conjugated fatty acid lower alkyl ester with glycerol to form a conjugated fatty acid glyceride, wherein a lower alkanol corresponding to the general formula R²OH is formed, wherein R² is as defined above, and the lower alkanol is continuously removed from the transesterification reaction; are described.

A process for preparing saturated branched chain fatty acids or alkyl esters thereof involving subjecting unsaturated fatty acids having 10 to 25 carbon atoms, alkyl esters thereof or mixtures thereof to a skeletal isomerization reaction in the presence of water or a lower alcohol at a temperature of about 240° C. to about 280° C. using a combination of a stericly hindered Lewis base and zeolite as a Brönsted or Lewis acid catalyst, and isolating saturated branched chain fatty acids or alkyl esters thereof or mixtures thereof from the reaction mixture obtained by the skeletal isomerization reaction. The yield of said saturated branched chain fatty acids is ≧70 wt %. The stericly hindered Lewis base is a tertiary amine or phosphine with linear or branched C1 to C6 alkyl or phenyl groups attached thereto.

A method for preparing biological aviation fuel by utilizing cornus wilsoniana oil comprises the following steps of: filtering and decontaminating the cornus wilsoniana oil, adding softened water with equal temperature at 60-70 DEG C, stirring, centrifugating, taking supernatant, and drying; introducing the refined cornus wilsoniana oil into a stationary bed hydrogenation reaction device, conducting hydrodeoxygenation reaction and somerization reaction to obtain a gas-liquid mixture; condensing the gas-liquid mixture by a condenser, and collecting liquid phase product; distilling the liquid phase product, and collecting fraction between the 150-280 DEG C; introducing the fraction collected in the step (4) into an oil refinement device for high-cleanness refinement, thus obtaining the biological aviation fuel. With the adoption of the method, the obtained biological aviation fuel does not contain sulfur or aromatic hydrocarbon, and is good in quality, high in cleanness, and environment-friendly.

The invention discloses a process for producing conjugated linoleic acid by using rubber seed oil, comprising the following steps of: undergoing an isomerization reaction between the rubber seed oil containing linoleic acid with higher content and a polyethylene glycol 400 solution of alkali under the protection of nitrogen gas, carrying out molecular distillation purification, and adding tertbutylhydroquinone with stronger antioxidation to the product to produce the conjugated linoleic acid. In the invention, the utilized base oil is the rubber seed oil, and the content of the linoleic acid of the rubber seed oil is as high as 32.8%, thus the rubber seed oil is an excellent oil source for preparing the conjugated linoleic acid; and the utilized solvent is a pharmaceutic adjuvant, thus the safety of the products is ensured. The purification process is a molecular distillation technique, thus the conjugated linoleic acid products with higher purification can be obtained. The invention has the advantages of high yield of the reaction, simple process flow and good product quality.

A method comprising providing a fatty acyl mixture comprising: (i) a C₁₀-C₁₆ acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 30 wt. % wherein at least 80% of the C₁₀-C₁₆ acyl carbon atom chains are saturated; and (ii) a C₁₈-C₂₂ acyl carbon atom chain content of at least 20 wt. % wherein at least 50% of the acyl C₁₈-C₂₂ carbon atom chains contain at least one double bond; hydrolyzing the mixture to yield a quantity of C₁₀-C₁₆ saturated fatty acids and C₁₈-C₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids; separating the C₁₀-C₁₆ saturated fatty acids from the C₁₈-C₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids; hydrotreating the C₁₀-C₁₆ saturated fatty acids to yield a quantity of diesel fuel blendstock; oligomerizing at least some of the C₁₈-C₂₂ unsaturated fatty acids to yield a quantity of C₃₆₊ fatty acid oligomers; and hydrotreating the C₃₆₊ fatty acid oligomers to yield a quantity of C₃₆₊ alkanes.

Methods for preparation of a unique superbase catalyst consisting of mixture of polyether alcohol and base in which a polyether alcohol superbase is produced by the removal of water or alcohol at elevated temperatures to form a polyether alcohol alkoxide. The superbase catalyst is useful in, but not limited to, quantitative isomerization of alkyl esters of vegetable oils containing interrupted double bond systems to yield esters with conjugated double bond systems.

The invention aims at solving the defects of long reaction time and high reaction temperature of a heterogeneous etherification ring-opening reaction of epoxy biodiesel of prior arts, and provides a method for preparing biological lubricating oil base oil by using epoxy biodiesel. The method comprises the steps that: (1) under a condition of ultrasonic-assisted heat and mass transfer, the heterogeneous etherification ring-opening reaction is carried out, wherein long-chain fatty alcohol and a metal-ion-load-type cation exchange resin solid catalyst are mixed and heated to a reaction temperature; epoxy biodiesel is added for carrying out the ring-opening reaction; when an epoxy value is smaller than 0.1, the reaction is stopped; the reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature, and is washed by using distilled water; a lower-layer aqueous phase and the solid catalyst are separated, and the solid catalyst is recovered; an upper-layer organic phase is washed to neutral; and vacuum dehydration and light component removing are carried out, such that isomerized fatty alcohol ether is obtained; and (2) the product obtained in the step (1) is subjected to clay discoloration, such that clear and transparent biological lubricating oil base oil is obtained. According to the adopted catalyst, the catalytic active agent has high selectivity.

The present invention is generally directed to the synthesis and/or manufacture of ester-based lubricant compositions. The present invention is also directed to methods of making these and other similar lubricant compositions, and to systems for implementing such methods (processes). In some embodiments, the methods for making such ester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor (e.g., triglyceride-bearing vegetable oils) such that the lubricant compositions generated by the methods and systems of the present invention can be properly deemed biolubricants. In these or other embodiments, lubricant precursor species can also be sourced or derived from Fischer-Tropsch (FT) and/or long-chain paraffin pyrolysis reaction products. The ester component of the lubricant compositions, produced in accordance with the methods and systems of the present invention, comprises largely diester species.

The present invention generally relates to a process for the arylation of unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof to their aryl branched counterparts. Said arylation process comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof and one or more aromatic compounds with at least one metal ion exchanged solid material catalyst. The invention also relates to various derivatives prepared from the aryl branched fatty acids and/or alkyl esters prepared in accordance with the present invention.

The present application is directed to a process for the production of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid in a transgenic microorganism comprising the steps of: (a) introducing into said microorganism at least one nucleic acid molecule encoding a trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid isomerase, (b) culturing the transgenic microorganism obtained under (a), (c) inducing the production of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid by adding linoleic acid to the culture, (d) incubating the induced culture for at least 12 hours, and (e) isolating the conjugated linoleic acid from the culture media and/or transgenic microorganism.

The present invention generally relates to a process for the skeletal isomerization of unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof to their branched counterparts. Said skeletal isomerization process comprises contacting said unsaturated linear fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof with at least one metal ion exchanged solid material catalyst. The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of branched fatty acids and/or alkyl esters thereof from their straight chain counterparts. Finally, the invention also relates to various derivatives prepared from the branched fatty acids and/or alkyl esters prepared in accordance with the present invention.