The invention relates to a preparation method of anti-counterfeiting bamboo pulp fiber, which comprises the following steps: immersing the pulverized bamboo pulp in an alkali solution, performing alkali treatment and sulfonation treatment, mixing with ionic liquid, dissolving in the alkali solution and filtering after , after maturation, spun viscose is obtained; the spun viscose is mixed with at least one amino acid metal chelate and a dispersant to obtain a spinning solution; then the spinning solution is spun and immersed in an acid bath for coagulation and molding , the anti-counterfeiting bamboo pulp fiber is obtained after the steps of drafting, cutting, washing, desulfurization, bleaching, oiling, dehydration and drying; wherein, the total amount of amino acid metal chelates accounts for 0.1-1‰ of the mass fraction of bamboo pulp . The anti-counterfeiting bamboo pulp fiber of the present invention uses the amino acid metal chelate as the anti-counterfeiting tracer, performs anti-counterfeiting encryption processing on the bamboo pulp fiber, and performs anti-counterfeiting identification through the detection and coding of metal elements and amino acid types.