The invention discloses a diseased livestock observation system used by an animal husbandry and veterinary surgeon. The diseased livestock observation system comprises an observation box body, an excrement cleaning device, a feeding trough and a control mechanism, the observation box body comprises a shell, an opening is formed in the upper end of the shell, a vertical partition plate is arrangedin the shell, so that the shell is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity, a first door is arranged on the partition plate, the excrement cleaning device comprises a collection tank, a firstpushing plate and a cleaning brush, the feeding trough comprises a pushing device, a supporting plate, a drinking trough, a feed trough, a water storage cavity and a material storage cavity, the control mechanism comprises a driving device power system and a controller, the driving device power system drives a first driving device, a second driving device and the pushing device to run, and the controller controls the first door, a second door, a first solenoid valve, a second solenoid valve and a third solenoid valve to be turned on and turned off. According to the diseased livestock observation system used by the animal husbandry and veterinary surgeon, excrement of a diseased livestock can be automatically cleaned and disinfected, and the diseased livestock is automatically fed.