633results about How to "Improve measurement reliability" patented technology

A body fluid measuring apparatus, comprising a main body (20) and a lancet holder (30) installed on the main body (20), the lancet holder (30) further comprising a lancet (31) capable of being moved for piercing to allow body fluid to be bled from skin (S) and a biosensor (36) introducing the bled body fluid for a specified measurement, wherein the biosensor (36) is moved in a specified direction by a sensor moving mechanism (40, 42).

A device and a method for measuring body fluid-related metrics using spectrophotometry to facilitate therapeutic interventions aimed at restoring body fluid balance. The specific body fluid-related metrics include the absolute volume fraction of water in the extravascular and intravascular tissue compartments, as well as the shifts of water between these two compartments. The absolute volume fraction of water is determined using algorithms where received radiation measured at two or more wavelengths are combined to form either a single ratio, a sum of ratios or ratio of ratios of the form log[R(λ1) / R(λ2)] in which the received radiation in the numerator depends primarily on the absorbance of water and the received radiation in the denominator depends primarily on the absorbance of water and the sum of the absorbances of non-heme proteins, lipids and water in tissue. The difference between the fraction of water in the intravascular fluid volume (“IFV”) and extravascular fluid volume (“EFV”) compartments are also determined using a differential method that takes advantage of the observation that pulsations caused by expansion of blood vessels in the skin as the heart beats produce changes in the received radiation at a particular wavelength that are proportional to the difference between the effective absorption of light in the blood and the surrounding tissue. This difference, integrated over time, provides a measure of the quantity of the fluid that shifts into and out of the capillaries. A mechanism for mechanically inducing a pulse is built into the device to improve the reliability of measurements of IFV−EFV under weak-pulse conditions.

Systems, arrangements and methods for separating an electromagnetic radiation and obtaining information for a sample using an electromagnetic radiation are provided. In particular, the electromagnetic radiation can be separated into at least one first portion and at least one second portion according to at least one polarization and at least one wave-length of the electromagnetic radiation. The first and second separated portions may be simultaneously detected. Further, a first radiation can be obtained from the sample and a second radiation may be obtained from a reference, and the first and second radiations may be combined to form a further radiation, with the first and second radiations being associated with the electro-magnetic radiation. The information is provided as a function of first and second portions of the further radiations that have been previously separated and can be analyzed to extract birefringent information characterizing the sample.

At least one parameter of at least one fluid in a pipe is measured using a spatial array of acoustic pressure sensors placed at predetermined axial locations along the pipe 12. The pressure sensors provide acoustic pressure signals, which are provided to a signal processing system that determines the speed of sound amix of the fluid (or mixture) in the pipe 12 using acoustic spatial array signal processing techniques. Numerous spatial array processing techniques may be employed to determine the speed of sound amix. The speed of sound amix is provided to another logic system that calculates the percent composition of the mixture, e.g., water fraction, or any other parameter of the mixture or fluid which is related to the sound speed amix. The signal processing system may also determine the Mach number Mx of the fluid. The acoustic pressure signals measured are lower frequency (and longer wavelength) signals than those used for ultrasonic flow meters, and thus are more tolerant to inhomogeneities in the flow. No external source is required and thus may operate using passive listening. The invention will work with arbitrary sensor spacing and with as few as two sensors if certain information is known about the acoustic properties of the system.

The invention relates to a method of determining the amount of a target nucleic acid sequence in a sample, the method comprising: obtaining multiple distinguishable amplicons of the target nucleic acid sequence, each comprising a distinguishing tag and a target portion; amplifying the amplicons in a single reaction volume; and detecting nucleic acids amplified from the amplicons. Detection of the distinguishable amplicons can be varied in each of the steps of the method, which expands the dynamic range of the nucleic acid quantification methods and improves the reliability and accuracy of the methods.

A fiber optic pressure sensor for measuring unsteady pressures within a pipe include at least one optical fiber disposed circumferentially around a portion of a circumference of the pipe, which provides an optical signal indicative of the length of the optical fiber. An optical instrument measures the change in length of the optical fiber to determine the unsteady pressure within the pipe. The pressure sensor may include a plurality of optical fiber sections disposed circumferentially around a portion of the circumference of the pipe that are optically connected together by optical fiber sections disposed axially along the pipe. The optical fiber sections may include fiber Bragg gratings having substantially the same or different reflection wavelengths to permit for example the sensors to be axially distributed along the fiber using wavelength division multiplexing and / or time division multiplexing.

A method and apparatus for noninvasive glucose measurement measures glucose indirectly from the natural response of tissue to variations in analyte concentration. The indirect measurement method utilizes factors affected by or correlated with the concentration of glucose, such as refractive index, electrolyte distribution or tissue scattering. Measurement reliability is greatly improved by stabilizing optical properties of the tissue at the measurement site, thus blood perfusion rates at the sample site are regulated. Perfusion is monitored and stabilized by spectroscopically measuring a control parameter, such as skin temperature, that directly affects perfusion. The control parameter is maintained in a range about a set point, thus stabilizing perfusion. Skin temperature is controlled using a variety of means, including the use of active heating and cooling elements, passive devices, such as thermal wraps, and through the use of a heated coupling medium having favorable heat transfer properties.

The density of at least one fluid in a pipe is determined using a pair of effective sound speeds a1eff and a2eff of the fluid / pipe system. The pair of effective sound speed measurements is taken at two sensing regions along the pipe wherein each of the sensing regions has a different cross sectional area compliance. The pair of effective sound speeds a1eff and a2eff is provided to signal processing logic 60, which determines the density of the fluid flowing in the pipe. The effective sound speeds a1eff and a2eff may be provided by a pair of sound speed meters positioned at the sensing regions wherein the sound speed meters utilize a spatial array of acoustic pressure sensors placed at predetermined axial locations along the pipe. The acoustic pressure sensors measure one-dimensional planar acoustic waves that are lower in frequency (and longer wavelength) signals than those used for ultrasonic flow meters, and thus is more tolerant to inhomogeneities in the flow. In addition, no external acoustic source is required and the meters may operate using passive listening.

The invention relates to a multiturn absolute rotary encoder based on a rotary transformer, which is characterized in that: a sensor is displaced by taking the rotary transformer as a shaft angle; a shaft angle decoding circuit can be formed by adopting DSP as a core processor; a sine wave which can be controlled by frequency and phase in the method that the circuit is synthesized by direct digital frequency for the numerical control of an oscillator; and the sine wave is directly taken as an excitation rotary transformer signal via a power amplifier and a filter circuit; the rotary transformer signal is transferred to A / D converter after being run through a matching circuit of electronic transformer; after sampling, digital filtering and digital signal processing, the sine and cosine value for the actual angle of two channels is generated; the angle error change is tracked dynamically by the PI algorithm; the mechanical displacement of the rotating object is converted into digital shaft angle position and speed. The multiturn absolute rotary encoder based on a rotary transformer has the advantages of high tracking speed, high conversion accuracy, high reliability, simple structure, sensitive movement, low environmental condition, strong anti-interference capability, high measuring accuracy and speed voltage output.

In an engine exhaust gas purification apparatus incorporating a LNT (lean NOx trap), during a NOx catalyst regeneration procedure for deoxidizing and removing accumulated sulfur from the LNT by producing a fuel-rich atmosphere in the exhaust system, the point at which to terminate the regeneration procedure is judged based on a difference between values of A / F ratio measured by sensors located respectively upstream and downstream from the LNT, with the regeneration being terminated when the difference falls below a predetermined threshold value.

The present invention describes a method for collecting visitor information in a distributed browser-based traffic analysis system. The method comprises the steps of: receiving a request with a content server from a network element for an interpreted language page content; receiving the interpreted language page content, the interpreted language page content having at least one measurement code comprising a measurement element source attribute specifying a measurement program; receiving a request for the source data of the measurement element, the request comprising at least one data structure including at least one of at least one page ID and at least one category ID and at least one time stamp and other relevant data; comparing the content of the fields of the data structure(s) to a predefined set of rules in the measurement program; updating the counters or other programming structures in the measurement program based on the comparison; updating the data structure(s), and providing the network element with the updated data structure(s) and the source data for the measurement element.

The invention discloses an absolute encoder subdivision acquisition system and a measurement method thereof. The system comprises a parallel light source, an indicating grating, a standard grating, a photoelectric detector module and a signal processing module, wherein the standard grating is provided with an incremental code track and an absolute code track; the indicating grating is provided with a grating ruled orbit corresponding to the incremental code track and an opening part corresponding to the absolute code track; parallel light beams emitted by the parallel light source reach the photoelectric detector module under common effects between the indicating grating and the standard grating; the photoelectric detector module acquires reached light signals, converts the light signals into measurement electric signals and sends the measurement electric signals to the signal processing module; and the signal processing module processes the measurement electric signals, acquires an absolute position value and an incremental position value, checks the absolute position value and the incremental position value and then outputs a position measurement value. The resolution of the absolute encoder can be improved, the redundancy and the reliability of the system are improved, the development difficulty is small, the development cost is low, and the system and the method of the invention can be widely applied to a grating encoder industry.

The invention discloses a thrombus elasticity testing device. The thrombus elasticity testing device comprises a supporting plate, a measuring unit, a driving unit and a cup holding unit, wherein the measuring unit and the driving unit are arranged on the supporting plate, and the cup holding unit is connected with the driving unit; the measuring unit comprises a base, a rotating part, a rotating shaft and a balance spring. According to the thrombus elasticity testing device, the driving unit is combined with the cup holding unit to carry out regular vibration on a blood sample in a measuring cup to simulate a physiological thrombus formation environment in vivo, thereby guaranteeing an accurate and reliable test result; by virtue of a structure consisting of the conical tip-shaped rotating shaft and the balance spring in the measuring unit, friction generated during vibration of the measuring unit is decreased sharply, and the shock resistance of the complete device is greatly improved on the premise of guaranteeing restoring force, so that the measurement reliability is high; by virtue of an optical lever measuring mechanism, the resolving ability and sensitivity of thrombus elasticity measurement are effectively increased, so that the measuring accuracy is remarkably improved; by virtue of a measuring cup loading-unloading mechanism, the operation is convenient and reliable.

The present invention provides an analog quantity display method of counting displacement of a probe disposed in contact with an object to be measured and analog-displaying the obtained count value by an analog display section as an analog quantity. If a peak value of the count value exceeds a possible analog-display range of the analog display section, an offset provided for the analog-displayed count value is updated in such a manner that the peak value is displayed within the possible analog-display range. Further, an analog quantity measuring method is provided, which comprises counting displacement of the probe, compares the obtained count value with a peak value of the count value, holds the count value as a new peak value depending upon a result of the comparison, and executes the comparison and the holding of the peak value again if the difference between the present peak value and the present count value exceeds a predetermined value. The analog quantity display and measuring methods are applicable to a digital / analog display type measuring instrument comprising a counter for counting the displacement of the probe in contact with the measured object, a digital display section for digitally displaying the count value, and an analog display section located adjacent to the digital display section, for displaying the count value as the bar graph comprising the large number of analog bars arranged in juxtaposition in one direction.

A distributed-line directional coupler including: a first conductive line between first and second ports intended to convey a signal to be transmitted; and a second conductive line, coupled to the first one, between third and fourth ports, the second line being interrupted approximately at its middle, the two intermediary ends being connected to attenuators.

The invention discloses a spacecraft attitude measurement method based on an MEMS (micro-electromechanical systems) sensor. The method comprises the following steps of: system initial alignment; signal acquisition; gyroscope attitude updating; real-time attitude calculation of a double-antenna GPS (global positioning system) / magnetometer; kalman filtering; and output correction. By selecting the combination mode of a three-axis MEMS gyroscope, a three-axis MEMS magnetometer and a double-antenna GPS, the spacecraft attitude measurement method provided by the invention has high measurement accuracy and reliability in comparison with other combination manners based on the microgravity and good GPS signal receiving effect of the spacecraft orbit space. According to the invention, a combined attitude measurement algorithm is also designed; finite rotation non-communicative errors are compensated by adopting an optimized three-sample rotation vector algorithm with the smallest error; and a simple and effective kalman filter state space model is constructed for the system to fuse the attitude information of two independent sources, thereby realizing complementary advantages of the gyroscope and the double-antenna GPS, and improving the dynamic reliability and accuracy of the system.

A protection circuit module with a thermistor and a battery pack including the same. In one embodiment, a battery pack includes a protection circuit module and one or more bare cells. The protection circuit module includes a printed circuit board (PCB) having a protection circuit portion, a flexible film electrically connected to the PCB, and a thermistor mounted on the flexible film and configured to sense a temperature of bare cells and transfer the sensed temperature to the PCB. The one or more bare cells are electrically connected to the protection circuit module. Accordingly, the thermistor is mounted on the flexible film, so that it is possible to obtain the reliability of measuring the temperature of the battery pack.

The invention discloses a grain flow monitoring process and apparatus for a combine-harvester, wherein the apparatus is mounted on the rack of the combine-harvester, comprising a driving device, a helical conveyer, a moisture measuring apparatus, a weighing sensing unit, a vehicle mounted signal processing circuit and a vehicle mounted computer, wherein the helical conveyer is provided with two weighing sensing devices at the two sides of the casing, the helical conveyer casing is connected with the rack through the sensing devices, and the moisture measuring apparatus is arranged on the bottom inside the helical conveyer.

The present invention provides a distance measuring device, which comprises a light projecting unit for projecting a distance measuring light (22) to an object to be measured, a reference reflection unit (55) provided relatively movable and arranged at a known position so as to traverse the projected distance measuring light, a photodetection unit (7) for receiving a reflection light from the object to be measured as a reflected distance measuring light (22′) and a reflection light from said reference reflection unit as an internal reference light (22″), and a control arithmetic unit (15) for calculating a distance to the object to be measured based on a photodetection signal relating to the reflected distance measuring light and based on a photodetection signal relating to the internal reference light.

The invention relates to an insulin pump (1) with an infusion set adapter (21) having a diaphragm (7) exposed to the liquid path (2). Arranged in the housing (20) of the insulin pump (1) is a measurement arrangement comprising emitter (4) and sensor (5), by means of which a bowing of the diaphragm (7) following a change in the liquid pressure in the liquid path (2) can be detected without contact, for recognizing an occlusion in the liquid path (2). This yields the advantage that an accurate and delay-free occlusion recognition with low system cost becomes possible.

A device for the unambiguous measurement of the angle of roll of a projectile, comprises at least a radar equipped with means of processing and sending a signal to the casing of the projectile in at least one direction of incident polarization; a set of parallel grooves made on the casing, the depth of which is modulated dissymmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the projectile; the axis of symmetry of the projectile not passing through the point of the antenna of the radar where the antenna beam is generated, the processing means analyzing, in reception, a signal back-scattered by the casing of the projectile, the signal being modulated as a function of the angle of roll of the projectile, the modulation having two maximum local values corresponding to two angular roll positions of the projectile such that the polarization {overscore (E is parallel to the grooves, the processing means removing the 180° ambiguity by comparing the levels of the local maximum values. The device can be applied especially to the correction of the paths of projectiles fired by a gun and when the correction requires knowledge of the roll position of the projectiles.

A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functioning in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device. In particular, the measuring result furnished by the level measuring device can be compared with an exact contents level value every time the contents level reaches the level monitored by a limit sensor whereby the level indication of the limit sensor changes its status. In certain cases, a single limit sensor is sufficient for this purpose, which monitors a contents level which is regularly exceeded or undershot in the normal use of the container.

The invention provides an electro-optical distance meter comprising a light emitting element for emitting a distance measuring light, signal generators for generating two or more proximity frequencies, a modulation signal in which the two or more proximity frequencies are intermitted respectively and converted to pulses with a predetermined width, a projecting optical system for sequentially switching over and projecting intermittent modulated distance measuring light as converted to pulses with predetermined width by the modulation signal, a photodetection unit for receiving a reflected distance measuring light from an object to be measured and producing an intermittent photodetection signal with a predetermined pulse width, a reference signal generator for issuing reference frequency signals having a difference of a predetermined frequency respectively, a frequency converting unit for performing frequency conversion by mixing the intermittent photodetection signals from the photodetection unit and the reference frequency signals, corresponding to each intermittent frequency signals respectively and obtaining intermittent conversion signals with a pulse width, and an arithmetic control unit, wherein the pulse width of the intermittent photodetection signal is set up so as to be longer in a time duration than a period of the intermittent conversion signal, and in a case where the object to be measured is a moving object, the period of the intermittent photodetection signal is set to such speed that a phase change of the intermittent conversion signal due to moving of the moving object can be negligible, wherein the arithmetic control unit is configured so as to calculate a precise measurement distance value by obtaining the phase of the intermittent photodetection signal with respect to the two or more proximity frequencies, to calculate a coarse measurement distance value by obtaining a phase difference between the intermittent conversion signals, and to determine a distance by combining the coarse measurement distance value and the precise measurement distance value.

The present description relates to a household appliance for treating soft goods, in particular a laundry washing or washing / drying machine of the electronically controlled type fitted with an electronic control system (17). The household appliance comprises an oscillating assembly connected to the frame by means of a suspension system comprising at least one damper (1). The damper (1) comprises two elements (3, 4) adapted to move reciprocally, at least one magnetic element, preferably a permanent magnet (9), and an electronic module (6) provided with at least one magnetic sensor, preferably a Hall element (12). The magnetic element (9) and the magnetic sensor (12) are housed in the damper (1) so as to detect the reciprocal motion of the two elements (3, 4). The electronic module (6) also comprises a microcontroller (16) connected to the magnetic sensor (12) and adapted to generate at least one piece of information, in particular at least one piece of information being representative of the value of the displacement of the oscillating assembly with respect to the frame, and to send said information to the electronic control system (17) over a digital communication line.

A continuous measurement of the level of contents in a container is effected by a level measuring device functionong in accordance with the transit time principle by means of waves transmitted from a position located above the highest possible contents level onto the surface of the material in the container. A measuring circuit determines the contents level from the transit time of the useful echo reflected from the material surface. In addition, one or more limit sensors are located at the container, each of which furnishes a signal indicating whether the contents level is above or below a level to be monitored by the limit sensor and which is situated between the minimum and maximum contents levels of the container. The measuring circuit receives the output signals of all limit sensors and uses these output signals to check and eventually to correct the contents level measured value determined by the level measuring device. In particular, the measuring result furnished by the level measuring device can be compared with an exact contents level value every time the contents level reaches the level monitored by a limit sensor whereby the level indication of the limit sensor changes its status. In certain cases, a single limit sensor is sufficient for this purpose, which monitors a contents level which is regularly exceeded or undershot in the normal use of the container.

The invention discloses a method for measuring technological parameter for prebaked cell for aluminum-reduction, comprising following steps: inserting measuring probe driven by stepper motor into electrolyser, the impulse frequency of rotation rate for stepper motor continuously input into monolithic machine for counting and storing; checking electrolyte liquid surface, anode liquid surface and cathode liquid surface by relative checking circuit according to voltage change feature of different layer in aluminum cell solution, inputting relative measuring signal into monolithic machine; monolithic machine counting out polar distance, aluminum concentration and electrolyte concentration according to set mathematical model; the measured voltage is cathode voltage when the down vertical distance of measuring probe in aluminium liquid is 60- 100 mm; the polar distance, aluminum concentration, electrolyte concentration and electrolytic temperature are input into display screen by monolithic machine for real time display; the over travel-limit switch resetting measuring probe. The measuring device mainly comprises sampling machine and controlling tank; controlling tank is equipped with polarization layer measuring circuit and spacing measuring cathode pressure differential circuit; and sampling machine comprises data collecting device and operation power device.