The invention relates to the technical field of special agricultural product processing machinery, and discloses a poppy fruit hull breaking machine. The poppy fruit hull breaking machine comprises a movable support, a hull smashing box is arranged on the movable support, a feeding hopper is arranged at the top of the hull smashing box, a discharge opening is formed in the bottom of the hull smashing box, a driving roller and a driven roller which are arranged side by side are arranged in an inner cavity of the hull smashing box, a driving belt wheel is arranged at one end of a main shaft of the driving roller, a driven belt wheel is arranged at the end, in the same phase with the main shaft of the driving roller, of a main shaft of the driven roller, a speed reducing motor is meshed with the driving belt wheel through the working face of a driving triangular belt, and the non-working face of the driving triangular belt makes contact with the driven belt wheel. According to the poppy fruit hull breaking machine, the driving roller and the driven roller are driven by the driving triangular belt of the speed reducing motor to rotate face to face, and extruding and hull breaking operation is conducted on poppy fruit hulls falling between the driving roller and the driven roller, so that the drive ratio of the driving roller and the driven roller is changed, the impact force to the poppy hulls is reduced, breakage of kernels and smash powder of the poppy hulls are reduced, the processing quality of products is improved, and the poppy fruit raw materials are saved.