The invention discloses a posture automatic balancing device of a fast rescue unmanned boat, including a hull; a telescopic fold arm is arranged on that hull, the hull of the boat is provided with a movable balance water tank, Motor, guide rail, PLC controller and balance sensor are arranged on the guide rail, and the balance water tank is connected with the motor drive, and the motor and balancesensor are connected with the PLC controller, and the balance water tank moves left and right on the guide rail through the motor drive, so as to balance the attitude of the boat hull. By balancing the lateral position of the water tank, providing restoring moments to balance the attitude of the boat, the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient operation and control,automatic adjustment and balance, good safety and high practical value, and can ensure the stability of the boat, greatly reduce the phenomenon of non-elastic sliding and skidding by adopting chain transmission, and effectively prevent the water tank from jumping up and down due to the bumping of the boat.