453results about How to "Reduce pollution load" patented technology

The invention provides a material and a method for repairing polluted water and bottom mud. Specifically, nontoxic and innoxious solid particulates are adopted and are loaded with microbes according to a certain method before preparing a composite material; the composite material is used for in-situ flocculation or adsorption of pollutants in water, and transfers the pollutants to the bottom mud, so as to realize in-situ collection and concentration of the pollutants in water and fast degradation in the bottom mud; and after settling to the bottom mud, the composite material can also degrade pollutants in the bottom mud, so as to improve the water quality bottom matter environment. The invention can be applied to the comprehensive repairing of shallow water type lakes, slow flow river channels, small-sized reservoirs, wetlands and ponds which are eutrophicated or seriously polluted by organic substances.

The invention provides a process for de-inking waste newspaper by a biologic enzyme, which relates to the process of the pulping of waste paper. The process is characterized by comprising the following technological procedures of: (1) preparing a de-inking agent: adding one or several of alkali lipase, amylase and xylanase into cellulase to prepare a composite enzyme and then adding 0.05-0.15 kilogram of surfactant into the composite enzyme with the weight to form the de-inking agent, wherein the composite enzyme comprises the following components in proportion: 2000-10000U of cellulase, 10000-100000U of alkali lipase, 1000-5000U of xylanase and 8000-15000U of amylase; (2) pulping by using a high-concentration pulper: adding 40-60 DEG C water into the high-concentration pulper, counting by 100 kilograms of absolutely dry paper, putting 10-150 grams of de-inking agent and 0.2-0.4 kilogram of sodium metassilicate nonahydrate into waste newspaper and journal paper and stopping after starting the pulper for 10-30 minutes; and (3) carrying out the procedures of floatation and printing ink separation to obtain the de-inked pulp. The invention has the advantages that sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide are not used, and the production cost and the wastewater pollution are lowered.

The invention discloses a method for ecological restoration and water quality conservation of river water. according to the method, an aeration oxygenation system consists of a solar cell panel, a support connector, an air pump, an aeration tube and an air distribution plate and is used for maintaining the dissolved oxygen level in the water; an ecological floating bed system consists of a strong buoyancy carrier and an emergent aquatic plant and is used for removing pollutants out of water and gathering and transferring heavy metal; and a filler system is used for providing a lot of adhesion habitats for microbial flora, phytoplankton, protozoon and tiny metazoan so as to co-build and form a biological membrane which efficiently and quickly purifies the pollutants. By adopting the method, the organic matters such as COD, nitrogen, phosphorus and the like, and other pollutants in the water can be efficiently removed, the water is purified, an ecological system of the river way is improved, and the self-cleaning capacity of the water is restored.

The biologically pulping process includes the following steps: pre-treating cotton fiber material with polyxylose enzyme to obtain pulp material; and normal pressure and low temperature steaming and rinsing of the pre-treated pulp material with alkali and H2O2. The said pulping process has low cost of eliminating impurity from the material, lowered bleaching chemical liquid consumption and raised paper pulp quality.

The invention is a regenerated corrugated raw paper manufacturing method, its main technical flows: mix import waste paper with internal waste paper, pulp by pulping engine, desand by high concentration desander, screen by fiber separator, desand by high concentration desander, screen by low concentration pressure sieve, desand by low concentration desander, condense by condenser, mill and pulp by medium concentration hydraulic disc, screen by pressure sieve, make by paper machine and spray papermaking chemical assistant when molding and cut by winder. The added quantity of import waste paper is 40-55% of total weight of the mixed waste paper. It changes traditional low concentration pulping technique. The technique is designed reasonably, and can effectively heighten the physical strength of the regenerated corrugated raw paper, reduce the raw material cost and be applied to medium-scale production.

The invention discloses a method of separating and purifying erythritol from fermentation liquid, comprising the steps of separating fermentation liquid cell, clarifying and primary purifying the fermentation liquid; decoloring and purifying the fermentation liquid, concentrating and crystallizing the fermentation liquid, crystallizing again for manufacturing the purified product of the erythritol etc. The method of the invention adopts a dish type centrifuge to separate the cell and uses a ceramic film to remove the impurity with quite large molecular weight such as protein etc.; the nano-filtration separation is firstly introduced into the separation and purification of the erythritol, which can dispense with the working procedures of decoloring, ion exchanging etc.; the pollution discharge quantity is reduced greatly, and at the same time the invention ensures the quality and improves the yield of the product. The purity of the erythritol product HPLC obtained by the method of the invention is more thatn 99.5 percent.

The invention relates to a method for extracting sodium heparin, which comprises the following steps: (1) enzymic hydrolyzing intestinal mucosa in a conventional method, and adopting enzyme preparation for the hydrolysis: mixture which is formed by mixing prolease, papain and lipase at a mass ratio of 1 to 4: 1 to 3: 0.1 to 0.3, and selecting the prolease from one of 2709 enzyme, AS1.398 enzyme and pancreatin; (2) resin adsorbing in a conventional method; (3) resin eluenting in a conventional method; (4) settling out the sodium heparin in a conventional method; (5) purifying the sodium heparin in a conventional method; (6) drying the sodium heparin in a conventional method to obtain the pure sodium heparin. An improved solution is characterized in that precipitator is added before filtering and hydrolyzing the mixture in the step 1. The method has simple process, short production period, simple and convenient operation and less investment, and is applicable to the industrialized mass production. The purity of the heparin can reach 100 to 120IU/mg, the extraction efficiency can reach 100 million IU/1700 to 1800 chatterlings, the extraction efficiency can be improved by 20 to 30 percent, consumed salt can be reduced by 30 to 50 percent, water can be reduced by 50 to 70 percent, energy can be reduced by 30 to 40 percent, and the recycling rate of the crude protein can reach 60 percent.

The invention provides a method for improving water quality of a reservoir by utilizing space-time specificities of a hydro-fluctuation belt. The method comprises the steps of (1) soil preparation of a counter-slope terrace of the hydro-fluctuation belt, (2) plant cultivation, and (3) plant harvest and utilization, and manual harvest for mulberry, crab grass, hemarthria compressa, sticktight and bermuda grass in experimental areas, wherein the mulberry, the crab grass, the hemarthria compressa, the sticktight and the bermuda grass serve as green feed and are used for feeding livestock, and all plants can be respectively harvested in different growth periods and used for fermentation of a methane-generating pit. According to the method for improving the water quality of the reservoir by utilizing the space-time specificities of the hydro-fluctuation belt, potential productivity of land of the gentle slope hydro-fluctuation belt is utilized, economic plants suitable for environment of the hydro-fluctuation belt are selected and planted, the plants can effectively absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and other pollutants in soil during growing, and pollution loads of the soil are reduced through harvest and utilization of the plants. Meanwhile, secondary cumulative pollution for water body due to death of the plants or rot of stem leaves is avoided, when the hydro-fluctuation belt is submerged, biogenic element conversion is generated on a water and soil interface, pollution for the water body due to release of the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the other pollutants in the soil is relieved, or the nitrogen, the phosphorus and the other pollutants in the water body are absorbed, and the aim of improving water quality is achieved.

A resource treatment of p-aminophenol production waste water is carried out by regulating pH of p-aminophenol production waste water, filtering, selectively removing p-nitrochlorobenzene and p-nitrophenol etc. organic impurities from hydrophobic macro-porous resin, selectively adsorbing and recovering p-aminophenol from sulfoacid composite modifying resin, obtaining colorless transparent outlet water, after advanced treating the outlet water for diaphragm electrolysis requirement, recovering sodium chloride of waste water, eluting hydrophobic macro-porous adsorbing resin from organic solvent, desorbing sulfoacid composite modifying adsorbing resin from dilute acid and water, recovering p-aminophenol from high-concentrated desorbed liquid, and applying mechanically for next de-sorption from low-concentrated desorbed liquid. It achieves less organic pollution and resource utilization.

The invention discloses a green roof for regulating and controlling aiming at the defects of high radial flow and pollution load yield of a hard roof in a city during rainy days. The green roof consists of a vegetable layer, a plant layer, a filter layer, a drain layer and a waterproof layer, wherein the vegetable layer comprises plants with strong capability of resisting drought stress and controlling nitrogen and phosphorus and is extensively managed; the planting layer is formed by mixing fly ash, porcelain granules and sandy loam or loamy sand; the filter layer comprises geotextile and waste sponge; and the drain layer consists of light filler. The green roof has the following advantages that the planted plants have strong survivability and are simply managed; nutrient substances in the planting layer have low background content, so that the phenomenon that nutrient salts are separate out caused by a leaching action during rainy days is avoided; the filter layer not only has a favorable capability of intercepting the granules, but also has stronger capabilities of absorbing and storing water; the drain layer consists of a waste rod brick and tile sheet, porcelain granules or slag with a certain mechanical strength; the green roof has small density; and in addition, the water quality of a radial flow of the green roof is further ensured by using an adsorption performance of the green roof.

The invention creatively provides a method for strengthening nitrogen and phosphorus removal by using the hydrolysis and fermentation of mixed sludge of a sewage plant. According to the method, part of activated sludge returns to a primary sedimentation tank and is mixed with primary sedimentation sludge, so as to be subjected to precipitation and concentration, the precipitated and concentrated mixed sludge enters a hydrolysis tank which can consist of a separate reactor and can also consist of two series reactors, and is subjected to hydrolysis and fermentation in the hydrolysis tank, so as to produce easily-degradable organic matters (rbCOD) or volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and after the process is completed, a hydrolyzed mixed solution which is rich in VFA, or supernatant is introduced into an anaerobic tank or anoxic tank of a biological pool, thereby realizing the aim of strengthening nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the carbon source insufficiency of inlet water can be effectively improved, the biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal function can be strengthened, and the addition of an external commercial carbon source is reduced or canceled; the method is applicable to the new construction of sewage plants and is also applicable to the upgrading and reconstruction of the existing sewage plants.

A novel totally chlorine-free bamboo-pulp bleaching process is provided. The invention relates to a novel totally chlorine free (TCF) bamboo-pulp bleaching process, is a new bionic bleaching technology for paper pulp. The invention essentially comprises the following procedures: (1) Synthesizing enzyme-imitated metal salen, using Schiff base salen to react with metallic organic acid salt to synthesize metal salen; (2) Pre-treatment bleaching bamboo pulp, carrying out bleaching pre-treatment on the oxygen delignification sulfate bamboo pulp with metal salen, NaOH, H2O2 and O2 existing; (3) Subsequent TCF bleaching, carrying out three bleaching treatments, namely, alkaline treating enhanced by hydrogen peroxide, bleaching by peroxy acid and bleaching by hydrogen peroxide the bamboo pulp pre-treated by enzyme-imitated metal salen. For the invention, the source is wide, the metal salen is easy to synthesize, the yield rate is high, the cost is low, the consumption is very low; the metal salen is easy to store, has no demanding requirement on the environment, can obviously improve the whiteness of paper pulp, reduce the load of waste water pollution in bleaching, and saves the use of bleaching chemicals.

The invention relates to a purifying art for a water system in a landscape park. Surface water is delivered through a sand basin (3) and then to an oxidation pond (4) with filler, the water then flows into an artificial swamp (1), and the water which flows out of the artificial swamp is regulated and deposited by a stabilizing pond (5), finally the water flows into the water pond of the landscape park; the water is pumped into a stream swamp (2) of the park by a pumping device (6), the water in the stream swamp is pumped to a mudflat swamp (7), thus the water in the mudflat swamp can automatically flow back to the water pond of the landscape park; the domestic sewage in the landscape park is treated in the biomass energy transforming center and then is delivered into the oxidation pond (4) with filler. The biomass energy transformation includes the procedures of adjusting, oil separation, anaerobic reaction, aerobic reaction and depositing; the biomass energy transformation is mixed with the common domestic sewage after two grades of anaerobic reactions. The invention can assure the water quality in the landscape park to be equal to or better than the water quality for entertainment in the landscape park; the treatment procedure can protect environment, thereby providing satisfactory water source for an artificial lake as well as effectively treating the waste; and the invention can provide the needed energy for the whole treatment system and have great social and economic benefits.

The invention relates to the field of papermaking, and in particular to a production process of environmental-friendly healthful household paper. The production process is as below: 1, preparing materials; 2, steaming; 3, screening; 4, washing; 5, purifying; 6, removing oxygen; 7, conducting papermaking; and 8, processing. Because of no bleaching process, the above production process protects the sterilization, permeability, strength and other properties of bamboo fiber to the greatest degree, and the produced paper has better quality; because of no bleaching process, the paper not only has no residual bleaching reagent but also reduces the pollution of bleaching effluent to the environment, and is beneficial to dual protection of human body and residential environment; the paper with low whiteness shows the original color of the bamboo fiber, reduces the stimulation to eyes and is conducive to the protection of people's visual health; the process employs bamboo as raw material for production, so as to effectively reduce consumption of forest resources, protect the nature environment; besides, the method combines local characteristics for effective cooperation with local rural areas, so as to beautify the living environment, as well as increase the income of local farmers.

The invention discloses a regulation, storage and purification system and method for controlling rainwater and sewage confluence overflow pollution. A water inlet gallery comprises a sewage pump station water inlet, a regulation and storage sedimentation tank water inlet, a water storage type ecological filter tank water inlet and an emergency overflow port which are sequentially increased in height, and the water inlet gallery also comprises a regulation and storage sedimentation tank clarification overflow port connected with the water storage type ecological filter tank, so that a gradientline for graded treatment according to rainfall is formed, wherein the gradient line comprises a rain-free or small-rainfall line comprising the water inlet gallery, a sewage pump station and a sewagetreatment plant, a medium rainfall line comprising the water inlet gallery, a regulation and storage sedimentation tank and a sewage treatment plant, a long-time continuous moderate rain line comprising the water inlet gallery, the regulation and storage sedimentation tank, the water storage type ecological filter tank and a natural water body, a heavy rainfall line comprising the water inlet gallery, the water storage type ecological filter and the natural water body, and a rainstorm line comprising the water inlet gallery and an emergency overflow port for overflowing water to the natural water body; a later line comprises all the lines. According to the system, the pollution load of discharged water is greatly reduced under the condition of limited regulation and storage volume, and the system is economical and efficient.

The invention discloses a method for adsorbing heavy metal ions by corncob cellulose-based hydrogel. The method comprises the steps of dissolving corncob cellulose at first, adding montmorillonoid toheat and stir to insert the corncob cellulose into montmorillonoid layers, adding tetramethyl ethylenediamine and ammonium persulfate to stir, then adding acrylic acid and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamideand continuing heating and stirring to obtain the hydrogel. The corncob cellulose is pure cellulose which is extracted from corncob by a nitric acid-ethyl alcohol method. By means of optimizing dosage of the montmorillonoid, the N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and the acrylic acid, the corncob cellulose-based hydrogel which has the optimal structure and adsorption performance is obtained; by means of optimizing different concentrations, pH values and adsorption times of the heavy metal ion solutions, the optimal adsorption condition of the hydrogel disclosed by the invention is determined. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantage of simple technology, and the prepared hydrogel has the advantages of better adsorption performance, better structural stability and goodadsorption effect on heavy metal ions.

The invention provides an in-situ biological enhancing and benthic environment biological repairing method for bottom mud. The method comprises the following steps: 1) scattering a bottom mud biological curing repair agent into polluted bottom mud in a natural water domain and fully and uniformly stirring the mixture for 8-10 min to biologically modifying the bottom mud; 2) leaving the mixture tostand for 5-10 min after stirring, observing the character of the bottom mud which is modified, carrying out a next step if obvious mud-water separation is available, and otherwise, leaving the mixture to stand for 3-5 min continuously; 3) adding immobilized microbial carrier filler, and leaving the mixture to stand after full and uniform stirring. The method provided by the invention inhibits pollutant release of the bottom mud and degradation of the pollutants by means of the bottom mud biological curing repair agent and an immobilized microbial combination technique on a basis of not destroying the natural circulation of the water body, so that pollution of the overlying water body is reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method of bamboo dissolving pulp. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing materials; (2) stewing with sulfate; (3) bleaching with OO-X-D1-E-D2; and (4) treating with acid. The purity and the content of type A cellulose in the bamboo dissolving pulp prepared with the preparation method of the bamboo dissolving pulp are increased in a certain degree compared with those in the prior art, the purity and the content of alpha cellulose are increased by 1.5-2.5 percent compared with those in the prior art, the yield can be further increased, the dosage of chemical preparations and energy consumption are reduced, and environmental pollution can be further reduced.

The invention discloses a newsprint neutral voiding method in the pulping paper making technique domain with pulping, floating, scrubbing and bleaching procedure, which is characterized by the following: adapting flotation-scrubbing method without alkali; inputting 0.1 úÑ-2.0úÑ voiding agent, 1úÑ-6úÑ inorganic salt in the floating course; controlling the floating paste density between 2 and 18 percent, temperature between 20 and 70 deg.c, pre-impregnated time between 0 to 40 min, floating time between 10 and 60 min, insulating time between 0 and 40 min; The method improves the voiding efficiency and voiding paste whiteness by 16.6 percent as well as reduces the CoDcr in the neutral voiding waste-water by 190mg/l, which lessens the waste-water pollution load.

The invention discloses a method for treating high-concentration organic process wastewater generated in the production of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde. The method comprises the following steps: adding quicklime and flocculant into the wastewater and then regulating with acid; allowing the wastewater regulated with acid to pass through an adsorption tower filled with a nonpolar macroporous absorption resin I; respectively obtaining a primary saturated absorption resin and a primary eluent; performing desorption regeneration to the primary saturated absorption resin with a solvent I to obtaina solution after primary desorption; regulating the primary eluent with acid, and allowing the eluent regulated with acid to pass through an adsorption tower filled with a nonpolar macroporous absorption resin II; respectively obtaining a secondary saturated absorption resin and a secondary eluent; performing desorption regeneration to the secondary saturated absorption resin with a solvent II toobtain a solution after secondary desorption; and finally respectively recovering, purifying and separating the solution after primary desorption and the solution after second desorption to obtain 3-chloro-2-methylphenol, 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzaldehyde and 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzoicacid. The method can realize the organic combination of wastewater treatment and resource recovery.