Provided are an isolated recombinant oncolytic poxvirus capable of being regulated and controlled by
microRNA and a use thereof. The isolated recombinant oncolytic poxvirus can be regulated and controlled by
microRNA, and the expression level of the
microRNA in
tumor cells of a
mammal is lower than that in normal cells of the same
mammal. A target sequence of the microRNA is integrated in a 3'UTR region of an E10
R gene in a recombinant oncolytic poxvirus
genome.