This invention discloses a method, apparatus, device, and storage medium for detecting defects in distribution network cables. Its features include: generating a high-frequency, short-time
excitation signal using an
avalanche transistor circuit and injecting the high-frequency, short-time
excitation signal into a cable
simulation model of the
target distribution network cable; acquiring scattered
signal parameters of the cable
simulation model based on at least one preset
signal acquisition port; generating a time-
frequency domain optimal excitation waveform corresponding to each scattered
signal parameter; and sequentially injecting each time-
frequency domain optimal excitation waveform into the cable
simulation model to determine the distribution network cable defect corresponding to the cable simulation model. This invention can effectively eliminate interference caused by cable topology, achieve high-sensitivity detection of weak defects, and can be safely implemented without power outages, effectively identifying real defects in the distribution network power supply.