The present application relates to the field of chemical additives for oilfield drilling, and discloses a
cellulose polymer, a preparation method and application thereof, and a water-based
drilling fluid.The
cellulose polymer comprises an a-
cellulose main body and a plurality of
substituent groups -R and -CH2COONa, the
substituent groups being connected to part of the hydroxyl
oxygen contained in the a-cellulose main body; wherein the -R is selected from at least one of -C6H 15 ClNO, -C5H 13 ClN and -C6H 15 ClN; in the
polymer, the
degree of substitution of -R and -CH2COONa satisfies the following relationship: 0.8≤(DS-CH2COONa+DS ‑R )≤1.6, DS-CH2COONa / DS ‑R =1:(0.05-0.15). The cellulose polymer has the ability to
resist metal ions (anti-gel), and is applied to a water-based
drilling fluid containing 1% high-concentration multivalent
metal salt as a fluid loss additive, so that the API fluid loss of the
drilling fluid is less than 16 mL, and the problem that the performance of a common polyanionic cellulose fluid loss additive is invalid in the process of drilling a formation containing high-concentration
metal ions can be effectively solved.