The invention provides a giant magnetostrictive micro-displacement self-sensing driving method and an actuator, belongs to the field of ultra-precise machining and measurement, and particularly relates to a rapid ultra-precise positioning motion control method and device. The giant magnetostrictive micro-displacement self-sensing driving method can realize self-sensing of force by measuring inductance of a coil through magnetic conductivity variation of a giant magnetostrictive material, namely inductance of an exciting coil, caused by an external force, based on an inverse magnetostrictive effect. According to the giant magnetostrictive micro-displacement self-sensing driving method provided by the invention, the inductance of the exciting coil can be measured by an inductance bridge, so that matched inductive reactance and impedance can be adjusted, and the bridge is balanced. The bridge is not balanced when being stressed by disturbance of the external force, and an inductance value variation of the exciting coil can be obtained by measuring unbalanced voltage through differential motion and operational amplification, so that a disturbing force can be obtained. The actuator mainly consists of a cylindrical magnetostrictive rod, the exiting coil, an elastic membrane and a water cooling sleeve. According to the giant magnetostrictive micro-displacement self-sensing driving method provided by the invention, the cylindrical coil not only provides a driving magnetic field but also is used as a sensor for measuring the disturbing force. In a high-speed ultra-precise positioning motion process, the error interference generated by the external disturbing force is reduced.