The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical chemical conduction materials, and particularly relates to a stretching color change polyurethane elastomer material and a preparation methodthereof. The stretching color change polyurethane elastomer material with hexaarylimidazole as a color change unit is prepared from oligomer, namely dihydric alcohol, diisocyanate and hexaarylimidazole molecules as raw materials. The polyurethane elastomer is sensitive to mechanical force response, and the color change degree of the material is in a direct proportion to a stress, that is, the larger the stress is, the more conspicuous the color change is. The polyurethane elastomer material provided by the invention is of a linear structure, the main chain has hexaarylimidazole, the stress can be conducted to the hexaarylimidazole along the main chain when the polyurethane material is strained under the action of the stress, ultimately the C-B band between two imidazole rings of the hexaarylimidazole can be broken, then triphenyl imidazole free radicals of which the color is different from that of the hexaarylimidazole are formed, the stress is vanished, then the polyurethane materialis recovered to an initiator colorless state, and the process is reversible.