The invention discloses a method for preparing
nitidine chloride from a total alkali extract of
zanthoxylum nitidum stems and branches. The method comprises the steps: adding an
alcohol-water solventwith the amount 6-12 times the
mass parts of the
zanthoxylum nitidum stems and branches into the
zanthoxylum nitidum stems and branches, carrying out
reflux extraction for 1-3 times for 1-3 h each time, merging filtrates, recovering
alcohol and concentrating to a thick paste, and thus obtaining the total alkali extract of the
zanthoxylum nitidum stems and branches; adding column-layer chromatographic
silica gel with the amount of 2-10 times that of the thick paste to the obtained thick paste, placing in a
chromatography column, carrying out
solid-liquid extraction separation with ethyl acetateand
methanol, merging fractions with same results by
thin layer chromatography, and carrying out repeated concentration,
precipitation and suction
filtration, to obtain a crude compound; recrystallizing with a
methanol solvent to obtain a high-purity
monomer compound, carrying out primary identification of the components of the
monomer compound by
thin layer chromatography and a
melting point determination method, and identifying the
monomer compound obtained from separation to be
nitidine chloride according to the physical properties of the compound and
thin layer identifying. The method forextracting
nitidine chloride from
zanthoxylum nitidum is simple and feasible, high in yield, simple to operate and high in separation efficiency.