The present invention discloses a mobile electron beam radiation sterilizing apparatus, comprising: a movable chassis vehicle (1); a cabinet body (2) installed on the chassis vehicle (1); an electron accelerator (6) which generates electron beam for articles to be radiation-processed; an accelerator control box (31), which controls operation of the accelerator, wherein the electron accelerator (6) is provided in the cabinet body. The invention has advantages as following: since the electron accelerator is provided in the cabinet body of the chassis vehicle, it has a small volume with flexible maneuverability, which can be transferred rapidly in a short time. In addition, the apparatus has no additional requirement of using environment, and does not need any additional construction. The invention can implement electron beam radiation for all kinds of documents and mails and achieve rapid and complete sterilization, reaching safety purpose. Further, there is no damage or residual radiation for the processed articles. Moreover, the apparatus has a high degree of automation assembly with easy operations and safety. Thus, it is suitable for chief departments at home and abroad.