This invention relates to the field of tunnel and underground
engineering design technology, specifically to a method for identifying weak areas in tunnels and providing differentiated support based on asymmetric load evolution. The method involves collecting pressure distribution and deformation data of the tunnel cross-section and constructing a continuous arc-length coordinate
system along the
neutral axis of the support structure. Based on the data and coordinate
system, the geometric, stress, and energy states of the tunnel cross-section are analyzed to obtain geometric deformation analysis results, eccentricity evaluation results, and
toughness judgment results at any point on the support section. A multi-index collaborative judgment model is constructed based on the above multi-dimensional index results to generate a weighted index distribution map of the tunnel cross-section's
weakness. Based on the multi-dimensional results and the index distribution map, differentiated support decisions for the tunnel are designed. This invention identifies weak areas in tunnel support based on multi-dimensional physical indicators of deformation, stress, and energy, and conducts asymmetric differentiated support parameter decisions, realizing the transformation from traditional equal-
strength design to asymmetric targeted support, thereby enhancing the stability and safety of the eccentrically loaded side structure.