132results about "Rare earth metal fluorides" patented technology

The present invention provides a method of preparing at least one nano-structured material of formula M₁M₂X_n comprising the step of treating: at least one compound having the formula [CX₃(CX₂)_n(CH₂)_mCOO]_pM₁; and at least one compound having the formula [CX₃(CX₂)_n(CH₂)_mCOO]_pM₂; wherein each X is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of: halogens, O, S, Se, Te, N, P and As; each n is the same or different and is 0≦n≦10; each m is the same or different and is 0≦m≦10; each p is the same or different and is 1≦p≦5; each M₁ is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and NH₄; each M₂ is the same or different and is a metal ion. The present invention also provides uses of the nano-structured material prepared according to the method of the present invention.

A thermal spray material comprising granules containing a rare earth oxyfluoride has a particle diameter of 1 to 150 μm at a cumulative volume of 50 vol % before ultrasonic dispersion and 10 μm or smaller after ultrasonic dispersion at 300 W for 15 minutes as determined by laser diffraction/scattering particle size distribution analysis. The particle diameter after ultrasonic dispersion is one-third or less of that before ultrasonic dispersion. The thermal spray material has an average aspect ratio of 2.0 or lower and a compressibility of 30% or less. When the granules further contain a rare earth fluoride, upon being analyzed by X-ray diffractometry using Cu-Kα or Cu-Kα1 radiation, S1/S2 is preferably ≧0.10. S1=intensity of the maximum peak assigned to the rare earth oxyfluoride. S2=intensity of the maximum peak assigned to the rare earth fluoride, both observed in a 2θ angle range of 20° to 40°.

A main object of the present invention is to provide: fine particles whose excitation light is not the one such as UV light or the like which has negative effects on a subject to be analyzed, emit light stably, and has excellent light emitting efficiency, and a fluorescent probe labeled with the fine particles. In order to achieve the aforementioned object, the present invention provides a fluorescent probe comprising: fine particles containing a rare earth element characterized in that they are excited by light having a wavelength in a range of 500 nm to 2000 nm and thereby emit up-conversion emission; and a specific binding substance which binds to the fine particles containing a rare earth element.

A mineral processing facility is provided that includes a cogen plant to provide electrical energy and waste heat to the facility and an electrochemical acid generation plant to generate, from a salt, a mineral acid for use in recovering valuable metals.

This invention provides a thermal spray material capable of forming a thermal spray coating excellent in plasma erosion resistance as well as in properties such as porosity and hardness. The thermal spray material comprises a rare earth element oxyhalide (RE-O-X) which comprises a rare earth element (RE), oxygen (O) and a halogen atom (X) as its elemental constituents. The thermal spray material has an X-ray diffraction pattern that shows a main peak intensity I_A corresponding to the rare earth element oxyhalide, a main peak intensity I_B corresponding to a rare earth element oxide and a main peak intensity I_C corresponding to a rare earth element halide, satisfying a relationship [(I_B+I_C)/I_A]<0.02.

A method for making colloidal nanocrystals includes the following steps: dissolving a nanocrystal powder in an organic solvent, and achieving a solution A of a concentration of 1-30 mg/ml; dissolving a surfactant in water, and achieving a solution B of a concentration of 0.002-0.05 mmol/ml; mixing the solution A and the solution B in a volume ratio of 1: (5-30), and achieving a mixture; stirring and emulsifying the mixture, until an emulsion C is achieved; removing the organic solvent from the emulsion C, and achieving a deposit; then washing the deposit with deionized water, and achieving colloidal nanocrystals. The present method for making colloidal nanocrystals is economical and timesaving, and has a low toxicity associated therewith. Thus, the method is suitable for industrial mass production. The colloidal nanocrystals made by the present method have a readily controllable size, a narrow size distribution, and good configuration.

A powder comprising rare earth element fluoride particles having an aspect ratio of up to 2, an average particle size of 10-100 m, a bulk density of 0.8-1.5 g/cm³, and a carbon content of 0.1-0.5 wt % is amenable to atmospheric plasma spraying. An article obtained by spraying the rare earth fluoride spray powder to a substrate undergoes few partial color changes and performs well even when used in a halogen gas plasma.

Monodisperse particles having: a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology are disclosed. Due to their uniform size and shape, the monodisperse particles self assemble into superlattices. The particles may be luminescent particles such as down-converting phosphor particles and up-converting phosphors. The monodisperse particles of the invention have a rare earth-containing lattice which in one embodiment may be an yttrium-containing lattice or in another may be a lanthanide-containing lattice. The monodisperse particles may have different optical properties based on their composition, their size, and/or their morphology (or shape). Also disclosed is a combination of at least two types of monodisperse particles, where each type is a plurality of monodisperse particles having a single pure crystalline phase of a rare earth-containing lattice, a uniform three-dimensional size, and a uniform polyhedral morphology; and where the types of monodisperse particles differ from one another by composition, by size, or by morphology. In a preferred embodiment, the types of monodisperse particles have the same composition but different morphologies. Methods of making and methods of using the monodisperse particles are disclosed.

The present disclosure relates to a plasma resistant coating film and a fabricating method thereof, more particularly a plasma resistant coating film and a fabricating method thereof which can secure chemical resistance by means of, after thermally spraying the first rare earth metal compound, double sealing through aerosol deposition and hydration, thereby minimizing open channels and open pores in the coating layer and plasma corrosion resistance by means of the dense rare earth metal compound coating film.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a water-phase cerium fluoride microparticle and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photocatalysis. The preparation method has the advantages that by using ceric ammonium nitrate or cerous nitrate as a cerium source, and using ammonium hexafluorotitanate or ammonium fluoride as a fluorine source, the water-phase cerium fluoride microparticle with good dispersivity is prepared by a simpler and mild preparation technology; the good phtocatalysis property is realized under the visible light condition, and the application field of cerium fluoride is widened.

Provided is a process for purifying a fluorine compound capable of yielding a highly pure fluorine compound by removing at least oxygen from a fluorine compound containing an oxygen compound as an impurity. In a process according to the present invention for purifying a fluorine compound, the following is brought into contact with the fluorine compound, which contains an oxygen compound as an impurity, thereby removing at least oxygen: carbonyl fluoride in an amount of a 0.1-fold equivalent or more and a 100-fold equivalent or less of oxygen atoms in the fluorine compound.

The invention discloses a method for preparing rare earth fluoride by using fluorinated ionic liquid. The rare earth fluoride is represented by a chemical formula REF3, wherein RE is selected from at least one of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Y and Sc. A fluorinated ionic liquid and rare earth oxides are used as raw materials, the rare earth oxides are directly converted into rare earth fluoride through a solvothermal method, and the reaction can be carried out under a relatively low-temperature condition, so that a certain danger caused by fluorine gas generated at a high temperature is avoided; and meanwhile, the preparation method of the rare earth fluoride provided by the invention is mild in reaction condition, and the rare earth fluoride can be obtained without adding any surfactant, catalyst or template, so that the purity and the yield of the rare earth fluoride are greatly improved. The oxygen content of the rare earth fluoride prepared through the method is lower than 100 ppm, and the rare earth fluoride can be widely used for preparing rare earth fluoride single crystals, low-oxygen metal gadolinium and fluorescent matrix materials.

The invention provides a preparation method of rare earth fluoride, and belongs to the technical field of chemical salt preparation. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:mixing rare earth carbonate and ammonium fluoride, then carrying out a fluorination reaction, and performing heating to remove residual ammonium fluoride to obtain rare earth fluoride, wherein the molar ratio of the rare earth carbonate to the ammonium fluoride is 1:(6-18). According to the method provided by the invention, rare earth carbonate and ammonium fluoride are used as raw materials, thepreparation process is divided into a fluorination process and an impurity removal process, rare earth carbonate is firstly fluorinated by utilizing ammonium fluoride, and then the characteristic that the decomposition temperature of the ammonium fluoride is relatively low is utilized, so that the residual ammonium fluoride is heated to be decomposed into gaseous substances to volatilize, and theaim of separating impurities from a product is further achieved. Compared with the existing dry process, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the temperature required by the fluorination reaction is greatly reduced, the corrosivity of ammonium fluoride is lower than that of hydrogen fluoride, the manufacturing cost of used equipment is low, the ammonium fluoride decomposition product is easy to recycle, and the production cost is low.

The invention discloses a preparation method of rare earth fluoride. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving salt containing rare earth elements into a hydroxyl ether solvent;carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 3-15 minutes to obtain a uniform solution; adding liquid containing fluorine ions into the uniform solution and uniformly mixing to obtain turbid liquid containing rare earth fluoride; extracting precipitate in the turbid liquid; and vacuum-drying the precipitate at the temperature of 60-100 DEG C for 1 h or longer to obtain rare earth fluoride, wherein the water oxygen content of the rare earth fluoride is smaller than 100ppm. According to the preparation method of the rare earth fluoride provided by the embodiment of the invention, the salt containing rare earth elements is dissolved in the hydroxyl ether solvent, the viscosity of the hydroxyl ether solvent is relatively high, the rare earth fluoride is prepared in a high-viscosity environment, thereaction environment is liquid, the reaction selectivity is relatively high, and the reaction is complete. Moreover, the whole process is carried out in liquid, hydrogen fluoride is not needed, no tail gas is generated, and the reaction process is energy-saving and environment-friendly. No water is contained in the whole reaction process, and the water oxygen content of the product is low.

A film-forming material of the present invention contains an oxyfluoride of yttrium represented by YO_XF_Y (X and Y are numbers satisfying 0 <X and X <Y) and YF₃, wherein a ratio I₂/I₁ of a peak height I₂ of the (020) plane of YF₃ to a peak height I_i of the main peak of YO_XF_Y as analyzed by XRD is from 0.005 to 100. It is preferable that a ratio I₄/I₁ of a peak height I₄ of the main peak of Y₂O₃ to the peak height I₁ of the main peak of YO_XF_Y as analyzed by XRD is 0.01 or less.